尝试从正则表达式结果中删除十六进制代码

Egg*_*gie 5 css regex filter

这是我的第一个问题!
到了这一点;

在正则表达式方面,我很陌生.
为了更好地学习并创建我可以实际使用的东西,我正在尝试创建一个可以在CSS文件中找到所有CSS标记的正则表达式.

到目前为止,我正在使用:

[#.]([a-zA-Z0-9_\-])*
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哪个工作得很好,并找到了#TB_window以及#TB_window img#TB_Image.TB_Image#TB_window.

问题是它还在CSS文件中找到了十六进制代码标记.即#FFF#eaeaea.
还可以找到.png或.jpg或0.75 ..

实际上,找到它们是合乎逻辑的,但是不是那里有明智的解决方法吗?
喜欢在括号之间排除任何东西{..}
(我很确定这是可能的,但我的正则表达式经验还不多).

提前致谢!

干杯!
麦克风

Max*_*keh 2

CSS 是一种非常简单的正则语言,这意味着它可以完全由正则表达式解析。它只有一组选择器,每个选择器后面跟着一组用冒号分隔的选项。

请注意,本文中的所有正则表达式都应设置verbosedotall标志(某些语言中为 /s 和 /x,Python 中为 re.DOTALL 和 re.VERBOSE)。

获取(选择器、规则)对:

\s*        # Match any initial space
([^{}]+?)  # Ungreedily match a string of characters that are not curly braces.
\s*        # Arbitrary spacing again.
\{         # Opening brace.
  \s*      # Arbitrary spacing again.
  (.*?)    # Ungreedily match anything any number of times.
  \s*      # Arbitrary spacing again.
\}         # Closing brace.
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img[src~='{abc}']在属性选择器(例如)或规则(例如)中包含带引号的大括号的极少数情况下,这将不起作用background: url('images/ab{c}.jpg')。这可以通过使正则表达式更加复杂来解决:

\s*        # Match any initial space
((?:       # Start the selectors capture group.
  [^{}\"\']           # Any character other than braces or quotes.
  |                   # OR
  \"                  # An opening double quote.
    (?:[^\"\\]|\\.)*  # Either a neither-quote-not-backslash, or an escaped character.
  \"                  # And a closing double quote.
  |                   # OR
  \'(?:[^\']|\\.)*\'  # Same as above, but for single quotes.
)+?)       # Ungreedily match all that once or more.
\s*        # Arbitrary spacing again.
\{         # Opening brace.
  \s*      # Arbitrary spacing again.
  ((?:[^{}\"\']|\"(?:[^\"\\]|\\.)*\"|\'(?:[^\'\\]|\\.)*\')*?)
           # The above line is the same as the one in the selector capture group.
  \s*      # Arbitrary spacing again.
\}         # Closing brace.
# This will even correctly identify escaped quotes.
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哇,那是少数。但如果您以模块化方式处理它,您会发现它并不像乍一看那么复杂。

现在,为了分割选择器和规则,我们必须匹配非分隔符的字符串(其中分隔符是选择器的逗号和规则的分号)或带引号的字符串及其内部的任何内容。我们将使用上面使用的相同模式。

对于选择器:

\s*        # Match any initial space
((?:       # Start the selectors capture group.
  [^,\"\']             # Any character other than commas or quotes.
  |                    # OR
  \"                   # An opening double quote.
    (?:[^\"\\]|\\.)*   # Either a neither-quote-not-backslash, or an escaped character.
  \"                   # And a closing double quote.
  |                    # OR
  \'(?:[^\'\\]|\\.)*\' # Same as above, but for single quotes.
)+?)       # Ungreedily match all that.
\s*        # Arbitrary spacing.
(?:,|$)      # Followed by a comma or the end of a string.
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对于规则:

\s*        # Match any initial space
((?:       # Start the selectors capture group.
  [^,\"\']             # Any character other than commas or quotes.
  |                    # OR
  \"                   # An opening double quote.
    (?:[^\"\\]|\\.)*   # Either a neither-quote-not-backslash, or an escaped character.
  \"                   # And a closing double quote.
  |                    # OR
  \'(?:[^\'\\]|\\.)*\' # Same as above, but for single quotes.
)+?)       # Ungreedily match all that.
\s*        # Arbitrary spacing.
(?:;|$)      # Followed by a semicolon or the end of a string.
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最后,对于每个规则,我们可以在冒号上拆分(一次!)以获得属性值对。

将它们全部放到一个 Python 程序中(正则表达式与上面相同,但为了节省空间而不再冗长):

import re

CSS_FILENAME = 'C:/Users/Max/frame.css'

RE_BLOCK = re.compile(r'\s*((?:[^{}"\'\\]|\"(?:[^"\\]|\\.)*"|\'(?:[^\'\\]|\\.)*\')+?)\s*\{\s*((?:[^{}"\'\\]|"(?:[^"\\]|\\.)*"|\'(?:[^\'\\]|\\.)*\')*?)\s*\}', re.DOTALL)
RE_SELECTOR = re.compile(r'\s*((?:[^,"\'\\]|\"(?:[^"\\]|\\.)*\"|\'(?:[^\'\\]|\\.)*\')+?)\s*(?:,|$)', re.DOTALL)
RE_RULE = re.compile(r'\s*((?:[^;"\'\\]|\"(?:[^"\\]|\\.)*\"|\'(?:[^\'\\]|\\.)*\')+?)\s*(?:;|$)', re.DOTALL)

css = open(CSS_FILENAME).read()

print [(RE_SELECTOR.findall(i),
        [re.split('\s*:\s*', k, 1)
         for k in RE_RULE.findall(j)])
       for i, j in RE_BLOCK.findall(css)]
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对于此示例 CSS:

body, p#abc, #cde, a img .fgh, * {
  font-size: normal; background-color: white !important;

  -webkit-box-shadow: none
}

#test[src~='{a\'bc}'], .tester {
  -webkit-transition: opacity 0.35s linear;
  background: white !important url("abc\"cd'{e}.jpg");
  border-radius: 20px;
  opacity: 0;
  -webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) 0px 0px 18px;
}

span {display: block;} .nothing{}
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...我们得到(为了清晰起见,间隔):

[(['body',
   'p#abc',
   '#cde',
   'a img .fgh',
   '*'],
  [['font-size', 'normal'],
   ['background-color', 'white !important'],
   ['-webkit-box-shadow', 'none']]),
 (["#test[src~='{a\\'bc}']",
   '.tester'],
  [['-webkit-transition', 'opacity 0.35s linear'],
   ['background', 'white !important url("abc\\"cd\'{e}.jpg")'],
   ['border-radius', '20px'],
   ['opacity', '0'],
   ['-webkit-box-shadow', 'rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) 0px 0px 18px']]),
 (['span'],
  [['display', 'block']]),
 (['.nothing'],
  [])]
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为读者提供的简单练习:编写一个正则表达式来删除 CSS 注释 ( /* ... */)。