如何以编程方式启用Net.Tcp端口共享服务？

Question

我希望以编程方式启用并启动C#中的Net.Tcp端口共享服务.我可以使用ServiceController类轻松启动服务.但是,如何启用默认禁用的服务？

我在网上找到了一个建议,将以下注册表项设置为2,如下所示,应该将服务启动类型设置为自动:

string path = "SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\" + serviceName;
using (RegistryKey key = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(path, true)) {
    key.SetValue("Start", 2);
}

我试过这个,虽然它似乎确实将启动类型更改为自动,但必须有更多,因为服务现在不会启动(以编程方式或手动方式).我不得不通过services.msc手动重置启动类型以重置事物,以便可以启用并重新启动服务.

有人解决了这个吗？

Answer 1

根据您想要的解决方案的"纯粹"程度,有多种方法可以做到这一点.这里有一些选择. 请注意,所有这些解决方案都需要管理权限,并且必须在升级过程中运行.

通过C#使用命令提示符

这将涉及sc.exe通过命令行参数shelling out 和更改服务的启动类型.这与上面提到的解决方案类似,只是不需要注册表黑客攻击.

namespace Sample
{
    using System;
    using System.Diagnostics;
    using System.Globalization;

    internal class ServiceSample
    {
        private static bool ChangeStartupType(string serviceName, string startupType)
        {
            string arguments = string.Format(
                CultureInfo.InvariantCulture,
                "config {0} start= {1}",
                serviceName,
                startupType);
            using (Process sc = Process.Start("sc.exe", arguments))
            {
                sc.WaitForExit();
                return sc.ExitCode == 0;
            }
        }

        private static void Main()
        {
            ServiceSample.ChangeStartupType("NetTcpPortSharing", "auto");
        }
    }
}

使用WMI

这需要一个装配参考System.Management.dll.在这里,我们将使用WMI功能来ChangeStartMode实现该服务.

namespace Sample
{
    using System;
    using System.Globalization;
    using System.Management;

    internal class ServiceSample
    {
        private static bool ChangeStartupType(string serviceName, string startupType)
        {
            const string MethodName = "ChangeStartMode";
            ManagementPath path = new ManagementPath();
            path.Server = ".";
            path.NamespacePath = @"root\CIMV2";
            path.RelativePath = string.Format(
                CultureInfo.InvariantCulture,
                "Win32_Service.Name='{0}'",
                serviceName);
            using (ManagementObject serviceObject = new ManagementObject(path))
            {
                ManagementBaseObject inputParameters = serviceObject.GetMethodParameters(MethodName);
                inputParameters["startmode"] = startupType;
                ManagementBaseObject outputParameters = serviceObject.InvokeMethod(MethodName, inputParameters, null);
                return (uint)outputParameters.Properties["ReturnValue"].Value == 0;
            }
        }

        private static void Main()
        {
            ServiceSample.ChangeStartupType("NetTcpPortSharing", "Automatic");
        }
    }
}

使用P/Invoke到Win32 API

对于某些人来说,这是最"纯粹"的方法,尽管做出正确的做法更为棘手.基本上你会想从.NET 调用ChangeServiceConfig.然而,这需要您首先调用OpenService指定服务,并认为需要调用OpenSCManager事先(不要忘了CloseServiceHandle当你完成!).

注意:此代码仅用于演示目的.它不包含任何错误处理并可能泄漏资源.正确的实现应该使用SafeHandle类型来确保正确的清理,并应添加适当的错误检查.

namespace Sample
{
    using System;
    using System.ComponentModel;
    using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

    internal class ServiceSample
    {
        private const uint SC_MANAGER_CONNECT = 0x1;
        private const uint SERVICE_CHANGE_CONFIG = 0x2;
        private const uint STANDARD_RIGHTS_WRITE = 0x20000;

        private const uint SERVICE_NO_CHANGE = 0xFFFFFFFF;

        private const uint SERVICE_AUTO_START = 0x2;
        private const uint SERVICE_DEMAND_START = 0x3;
        private const uint SERVICE_DISABLED = 0x4;

        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        private static extern IntPtr OpenSCManager(string lpMachineName, string lpDatabaseName, uint dwDesiredAccess);

        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        private static extern IntPtr OpenService(IntPtr hSCManager, string lpServiceName, uint dwDesiredAccess);

        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        private static extern bool ChangeServiceConfig(IntPtr hService, uint dwServiceType, uint dwStartType, uint dwErrorControl, string lpBinaryPathName, string lpLoadOrderGroup, IntPtr lpdwTagId, string lpDependencies, string lpServiceStartName, string lpPassword, string lpDisplayName);

        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        private static extern bool CloseServiceHandle(IntPtr hSCObject);

        private static bool ChangeStartupType(string serviceName, uint startType)
        {
            IntPtr scManager = ServiceSample.OpenSCManager(null, null, ServiceSample.SC_MANAGER_CONNECT);
            IntPtr service = ServiceSample.OpenService(scManager, serviceName, ServiceSample.SERVICE_CHANGE_CONFIG | ServiceSample.STANDARD_RIGHTS_WRITE);
            bool succeeded = ServiceSample.ChangeServiceConfig(service, ServiceSample.SERVICE_NO_CHANGE, startType, ServiceSample.SERVICE_NO_CHANGE, null, null, IntPtr.Zero, null, null, null, null);
            ServiceSample.CloseServiceHandle(service);
            ServiceSample.CloseServiceHandle(scManager);

            return succeeded;
        }

        private static void Main()
        {
            ServiceSample.ChangeStartupType("NetTcpPortSharing", ServiceSample.SERVICE_AUTO_START);
        }
    }
}