chr*_*ley 42 python ssl https pyopenssl httplib
我正在尝试验证该目标是否公开了https Web服务.我有通过HTTP连接的代码,但我不知道如何通过HTTPS连接.我读过你使用SSL,但我也读过它不支持证书错误.我得到的代码来自python文档:
import httplib
conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("www.python.org")
conn.request("GET", "/index.html")
r1 = conn.getresponse()
print r1.status, r1.reason
有谁知道如何连接到HTTPS？
我已经尝试了HTTPSConenction,但它响应了一个错误代码,声称httplib没有属性HTTPSConnection.我也没有socket.ssl可用.
我已经安装了Python 2.6.4,我认为它没有编译SSL支持.有没有办法将这个支持集成到较新的python中,而无需再次安装它.
我已经安装了OpenSSL和pyOpenSsl,我从其中一个答案中尝试了以下代码:
import urllib2
from OpenSSL import SSL
try:
response = urllib2.urlopen('https://example.com')
print 'response headers: "%s"' % response.info()
except IOError, e:
if hasattr(e, 'code'): # HTTPError
print 'http error code: ', e.code
elif hasattr(e, 'reason'): # URLError
print "can't connect, reason: ", e.reason
else:
raise
我有一个错误:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 2, in <module>
File "/home/build/workspace/downloads/Python-2.6.4/Lib/urllib.py", line 87, in urlopen
return opener.open(url)
File "/home/build/workspace/downloads/Python-2.6.4/Lib/urllib.py", line 203, in open
return self.open_unknown(fullurl, data)
File "/home/build/workspace/downloads/Python-2.6.4/Lib/urllib.py", line 215, in open_unknown
raise IOError, ('url error', 'unknown url type', type)
IOError: [Errno url error] unknown url type: 'https'
有谁知道如何使这个工作？
-- UPDATE
我发现问题是什么,我使用的Python版本没有SSL支持.我现在找到了这个解决方案:http://www.webtop.com.au/compiling-python-with-ssl-support.
代码现在可以在此解决方案之后工作,这非常好.当我导入ssl和HTTPSConnection时,我知道不会收到错误.
谢谢大家的帮助.
mik*_*iku 64
Python 2.x:docs.python.org/2/library/httplib.html:
注意:只有在使用SSL支持编译套接字模块时,HTTPS支持才可用.
Python 3.x:docs.python.org/3/library/http.client.html:
注意HTTPS支持仅在Python使用SSL支持编译时才可用(通过ssl模块).
#!/usr/bin/env python
import httplib
c = httplib.HTTPSConnection("ccc.de")
c.request("GET", "/")
response = c.getresponse()
print response.status, response.reason
data = response.read()
print data
# =>
# 200 OK
# <!DOCTYPE html ....
要验证是否启用了SSL,请尝试:
>>> import socket
>>> socket.ssl
<function ssl at 0x4038b0>
jfs*_*jfs 13
try:
import ssl
except ImportError:
print "error: no ssl support"
要通过https进行连接:
import urllib2
try:
response = urllib2.urlopen('https://example.com')
print 'response headers: "%s"' % response.info()
except IOError, e:
if hasattr(e, 'code'): # HTTPError
print 'http error code: ', e.code
elif hasattr(e, 'reason'): # URLError
print "can't connect, reason: ", e.reason
else:
raise
小智 10
import requests
r = requests.get("https://stackoverflow.com")
data = r.content # Content of response
print r.status_code # Status code of response
print data
运用
class httplib.HTTPSConnection
http://docs.python.org/library/httplib.html#httplib.HTTPSConnection
如果使用httplib.HTTPSConnection:
请看一下:版本2.7.9中的更改:
此类现在默认执行所有必需的证书和主机名检查.要恢复到先前未验证的行为,可以将ssl._create_unverified_context()传递给context参数.您可以使用:
if hasattr(ssl, '_create_unverified_context'):
ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context
为什么你没有尝试过httplib.HTTPSConnection？它不进行SSL验证,但不需要通过https进行连接.您的代码可以正常使用https连接:
>>> import httplib
>>> conn = httplib.HTTPSConnection("mail.google.com")
>>> conn.request("GET", "/")
>>> r1 = conn.getresponse()
>>> print r1.status, r1.reason
200 OK
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