使用TestNG在不同浏览器上进行Selenium测试

Question

所以目前我正在做这样的事情来进行跨浏览器测试:

@DataProvider(name="foo")
public Object[][] getDrivers() {
    DesiredCapabilities firefoxCapabs = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();
    capabillities.setCapability("version", "26");
    capabillities.setCapability("platform", Platform.WINDOWS);
    DesiredCapabilities chromeCapabs = ....
    ....
    DesiredCapabilities ieCapabs = ...
    ....

    return new Object[][]{
        {new RemoteWebDriver(url, firefoxCapabs)}, 
        {new RemoteWebDriver(url, chromeCapabs)},
        ......
    };
}

@Test(dataProvider="foo")
public void testSomething(WebDriver driver) {
    //some test
}

这似乎非常低效,因为我每次运行测试时基本上都是在创建和销毁这些WebDriver对象.至少在TestSuite级别没有办法做这样的事情,这样我就不会为每次测试生成和销毁这些对象.我想要像下面这样的东西.我知道你不能拥有@BeforeSuite方法的DataProvider!

public class TestSuite{
    public static WebDriver driver;
    @BeforeSuite(dataProvider="foo")
    public void setDriver(WebDriver driver) {
         this.driver = driver;
    }
}

public class TestClass {
    private WebDriver driver;

    @BeforeTest
    public void getDriver() {
        this.driver = TestSuite.driver;
    }    

    @Test
    public void myTest() {
        //use this.driver to do testing stuff
    }
}

我有没有看到做这样的事情的选择？

Answer 1

Sauce Labs On Demand 有一个很棒的 Jenkins 插件 ( https://saucelabs.com/jenkins/5 )。他们的方法非常简单：您选中/取消选中要测试的操作系统和浏览器，然后 Jenkins 设置环境变量供您的测试选择。下面是使用 Spring 的 @Configuration 的完整示例：

package com.acme.test;

import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;

@Configuration
public class SauceLabsWebDriverConfiguration {

    @Autowired private Environment environment;

    @Bean
    @Scope(ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE)
    public WebDriver webDriver() throws MalformedURLException {
        DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
        capabilities.setCapability("version", environment.getProperty("SELENIUM_VERSION", "17.0.1"));
        capabilities.setCapability("platform", environment.getProperty("SELENIUM_PLATFORM", "XP"));
        capabilities.setCapability("browserName", environment.getProperty("SELENIUM_BROWSER", "firefox"));
        String username = environment.getProperty("SAUCE_USER_NAME", "enter_your_username_here");
        String accessKey = environment.getProperty("SAUCE_API_KEY", "enter_your_api_here");
        return new RemoteWebDriver(new URL("http://" + username + ":" + accessKey + "@ondemand.saucelabs.com:80/wd/hub"), capabilities);
    }
}

Sauce Labs 有一些免费计划，但如果您不想使用它们，您应该能够切换掉构造 URL 的最后部分（“http://”+ 用户名 +“：”+ accessKey +“@ ondemand.saucelabs.com:80/wd/hub") 您想要指向的实际服务器 URL (" http://mydomain.com ")。

技巧基本上是用环境提供的名称替换硬编码的浏览器/功能名称，然后让您的构建运行程序（ant/maven/等）为您想要测试和“循环”的每个操作系统/浏览器组合设置环境变量那些以某种方式。SauceLabs 插件让循环变得简单。如果您想运行简单的本地测试，您仍然可以提供默认后备值。

// Before
DesiredCapabilities firefoxCapabs = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();
capabillities.setCapability("version", "26");
capabillities.setCapability("platform", Platform.WINDOWS);

// After 
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
capabilities.setCapability("version", environment.getProperty("SELENIUM_VERSION", "17.0.1"));
capabilities.setCapability("platform", environment.getProperty("SELENIUM_PLATFORM", "XP"));
capabilities.setCapability("browserName", environment.getProperty("SELENIUM_BROWSER", "firefox"));

希望能帮助到你。