我一直在寻找python的开源代码,其中许多都在src中有.c和.h文件的目录.
例如,有一个名为protocol的目录,它有.c和.h文件(这些.c文件有静态PyObject*).
如果我想导入这个目录,以便我可以使用这些功能,需要什么(或者我如何使用.py文件中的这些.c文件)？
我知道你需要init .py来导入一个目录,所以我这样做是为了导入但不确定如何从.c文件访问对象
例如,他们有一个python代码
arp = protocol.arp(shw, thw, sp, tp, constants.arp.ARPOP_REQUEST)
但是我不理解从.py到.c的转换,因为以下文件(protocol/arp.c)没有名为arp的类(它有静态PyObject*ARPObject_new(PyTypeObject*类型,PyObject*args,PyObject*kwds).有人向我解释这个转变？
#include "Python.h"
#include "structmember.h"
#define PROTOCOL_MODULE
#include "protocolmodule.h"
PyProtocol_newARPObjectFromPacket_RETURN PyProtocol_newARPObjectFromPacket PyProtocol_newARPObjectFromPacket_PROTO;
PyProtocol_injectARP_RETURN PyProtocol_injectARP PyProtocol_injectARP_PROTO;
PyProtocol_ARPCheck_RETURN PyProtocol_ARPCheck PyProtocol_ARPCheck_PROTO;
int PyProtocol_ARPCheck(PyObject *o)
{
return ARPObject_Check(o);
}
/**************
* ARP *
**************/
ARPObject *
PyProtocol_newARPObjectFromPacket(arp_t *arp, int *parsed_length)
{
ARPObject *self;
char *packet = (char *) (arp + 1);
struct in_addr ia;
self = PyObject_New(ARPObject, &ARP_Type);
if (self == NULL)
return NULL;
self->ar_hrd = ntohs(arp->ar_hrd);
self->ar_pro = ntohs(arp->ar_pro);
self->ar_hln = arp->ar_hln;
self->ar_pln = arp->ar_pln;
self->ar_op = ntohs(arp->ar_op);
self->ar_spa = NULL;
self->ar_tpa = NULL;
self->ar_sha = NULL;
self->ar_tha = NULL;
self->data = NULL;
if (self->ar_pro == ETHERTYPE_IP)
{
memcpy(&ia, packet + self->ar_hln, sizeof(ia));
self->ar_spa = PyString_FromString(inet_ntoa(ia));
memcpy(&ia, packet + (2 * self->ar_hln) + self->ar_pln, sizeof(ia));
self->ar_tpa = PyString_FromString(inet_ntoa(ia));
}
else
{
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_NotImplementedError, "Only support decoding IPv4 ARP packets");
return NULL;
}
if (self->ar_hrd == ARPHRD_ETHER)
{
self->ar_sha = MACasString(packet);
self->ar_tha = MACasString(packet + self->ar_hln + self->ar_pln);
}
else
{
Py_XDECREF(self->ar_spa);
Py_XDECREF(self->ar_tpa);
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_NotImplementedError, "Only support decoding Ethernet ARP packets");
return NULL;
}
self->data = PyString_FromStringAndSize((char *) arp, (sizeof(arp_t) + (2 * self->ar_hln) + (2 * self->ar_pln)));
*parsed_length += (sizeof(arp_t) + (2 * self->ar_hln) + (2 * self->ar_pln));
return self;
}
static PyObject *
ARPObject_new(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
{
static char *kwargs[] = {"sourcehardware", "targethardware",
"sourceprotocol", "targetprotocol",
"operation", NULL };
PyObject *sourcehardware, *targethardware;
PyObject *sourceprotocol, *targetprotocol;
int operation;
ARPObject *self;
char *temp;
if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, "SSSSi", kwargs, &sourcehardware, &targethardware,
&sourceprotocol, &targetprotocol, &operation))
return NULL;
self = PyObject_New(ARPObject, &ARP_Type);
if (! self)
return NULL;
temp = decodeMAC(sourcehardware);
if (! temp)
{
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Invalid format for source MAC address");
return NULL;
}
else
free(temp);
temp = decodeMAC(targethardware);
if (! temp)
{
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Invalid format for destination MAC address");
return NULL;
}
else
free(temp);
self->ar_hrd = ARPHRD_ETHER;
self->ar_pro = ETHERTYPE_IP;
self->ar_hln = ETHER_ADDR_LEN;
self->ar_pln = 4;
self->ar_op = operation;
self->data = NULL;
Py_INCREF(sourcehardware);
Py_INCREF(targethardware);
Py_INCREF(sourceprotocol);
Py_INCREF(targetprotocol);
self->ar_sha = sourcehardware;
self->ar_tha = targethardware;
self->ar_spa = sourceprotocol;
self->ar_tpa = targetprotocol;
return (PyObject *) self;
}
int
PyProtocol_injectARP(PyObject *arp_py, libnet_t *context)
{
ARPObject *self = (ARPObject *) arp_py;
char *sha = decodeMAC(self->ar_sha);
char *tha = decodeMAC(self->ar_tha);
struct in_addr spa, tpa;
libnet_ptag_t r;
inet_aton(PyString_AsString(self->ar_spa), &spa);
inet_aton(PyString_AsString(self->ar_tpa), &tpa);
r = libnet_build_arp(self->ar_hrd,
self->ar_pro,
self->ar_hln,
self->ar_pln,
self->ar_op,
sha, // Source hardware address
(char *) &spa, // Target hardware address
tha, // Source protocol address
(char *) &tpa, // Target protocol address
NULL,
0,
context,
0);
free(sha);
free(tha);
if (r == -1)
{
PyErr_SetString(ErrorObject, libnet_geterror(context));
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
static void
ARPObject_dealloc(ARPObject *self)
{
Py_XDECREF(self->ar_sha);
Py_XDECREF(self->ar_tha);
Py_XDECREF(self->ar_spa);
Py_XDECREF(self->ar_tpa);
Py_XDECREF(self->data);
PyObject_Del(self);
}
static PyObject *
ARPObject_str(ARPObject * self)
{
PyObject *result = PyString_FromFormat("ARP(op=0x%04x, protocol=0x%04x, %s (%s) -> %s (%s))",
self->ar_op, self->ar_pro,
PyString_AsString(self->ar_sha),
PyString_AsString(self->ar_spa),
PyString_AsString(self->ar_tha),
PyString_AsString(self->ar_tpa));
return result;
}
static PyMethodDef ARPObject_methods[] =
{
{NULL, NULL}
};
static PyMemberDef ARPObject_members[] =
{
{"protocol", T_USHORT, offsetof(ARPObject, ar_pro), 0, "ARP requested protocol"},
{"operation", T_USHORT, offsetof(ARPObject, ar_op), 0, "ARP operation"},
{"hardwarelength", T_USHORT, offsetof(ARPObject, ar_hln), 0, "ARP hardware address length"},
{"protocollength", T_USHORT, offsetof(ARPObject, ar_pln), 0, "ARP protocol address length"},
{"hardwareformat", T_USHORT, offsetof(ARPObject, ar_hrd), 0, "ARP hardware type"},
{"sourcehardware", T_OBJECT, offsetof(ARPObject, ar_sha), 0, "ARP source hardware address"},
{"targethardware", T_OBJECT, offsetof(ARPObject, ar_tha), 0, "ARP target hardware address"},
{"sourceprotocol", T_OBJECT, offsetof(ARPObject, ar_spa), 0, "ARP source protocol address"},
{"targetprotocol", T_OBJECT, offsetof(ARPObject, ar_tpa), 0, "ARP target protocol address"},
{"packet", T_OBJECT, offsetof(ARPObject, data), READONLY, "Raw packet data"},
{ NULL }
};
PyTypeObject ARP_Type =
{
/* The ob_type field must be initialized in the module init function
* to be portable to Windows without using C++. */
PyObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL)
0, /*ob_size*/
"pycap.protocol.arp", /*tp_name*/
sizeof(ARPObject), /*tp_basicsize*/
0, /*tp_itemsize*/
/* methods */
(destructor)ARPObject_dealloc, /*tp_dealloc*/
0, /*tp_print*/
0, /*tp_getattr*/
0, /*tp_setattr*/
0, /*tp_compare*/
(reprfunc)ARPObject_str, /*tp_repr*/
0, /*tp_as_number*/
0, /*tp_as_sequence*/
0, /*tp_as_mapping*/
0, /*tp_hash*/
0, /*tp_call*/
(reprfunc)ARPObject_str, /*tp_str*/
0, /*tp_getattro*/
0, /*tp_setattro*/
0, /*tp_as_buffer*/
Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT, /*tp_flags*/
"ARP packet", /*tp_doc*/
0, /*tp_traverse*/
0, /*tp_clear*/
0, /*tp_richcompare*/
0, /*tp_weaklistoffset*/
0, /*tp_iter*/
0, /*tp_iternext*/
ARPObject_methods, /*tp_methods*/
ARPObject_members, /*tp_members*/
0, /*tp_getset*/
0, /*tp_base*/
0, /*tp_dict*/
0, /*tp_descr_get*/
0, /*tp_descr_set*/
0, /*tp_dictoffset*/
0, /*tp_init*/
0, /*tp_alloc*/
ARPObject_new, /*tp_new*/
0, /*tp_free*/
0, /*tp_is_gc*/
};
int initARPType(PyObject *module_dict)
{
if (PyType_Ready(&ARP_Type) < 0)
return 1;
PyDict_SetItemString(module_dict, "arp", (PyObject *) &ARP_Type);
return 0;
}
这些模块具有.c元素以加速处理(即它们不是纯 python),因此需要根据平台进行不同的处理.
你需要运行:
python setup.py build
python setup.py install
在非Windows系统上.
在Windows系统上,您必须安装所有适当的工具,并且像非Windows系统一样,或者找到并安装Windows版本以匹配您的python版本.
只是为了注意到python工具的Windows构建最有用的页面之一,在Pypi指向的官方构建之后由Christoph Gohlke在他的非官方Windows二进制文件中为Python扩展包提供,所以如果你没有找到Windows构建的PyPi,或项目主页,然后尝试.
无论哪种方式,相应的二进制文件都将位于.egg文件中,您只需导入模块并使用这些函数.
尝试几乎所有python库的几个技巧:在python终端中,(对于拉伸的示例道歉):
import parrot # Or whatever your library is called
dir(parrot) # This will give you a list of methods and members of parrot
dir(parrot.Norwegian) # Assuming that parrot has a member by that name
help(parrot) # Will give top level help followed by help on the members
help(parrot.Norwegian) # Should tell you that it has a member Blue that doesn't do a lot
为了澄清张贴在问题的代码-一旦你完成上述步骤和进口的包装将增加一个新的类类型称为命名空间arp-这是由行来完成PyDict_SetItemString(module_dict, "arp", (PyObject *) &ARP_Type);与成员和方法的定义ARPObject_members和ARPObject_methods其希望记录在模块文档中.