如何在JSF中与(MySQL)数据库进行交互

Question

我来自PHP,我正在尝试使用JSF构建Web应用程序.我真的很喜欢使用JSF的一些任务的简单性(例如使用Ajax)但是当涉及到数据库集成时,我很困惑,不知道在哪里以及如何开始,无论我阅读它有多少.

在过去,我只是在PhpMyAdmin中创建和管理我的MySQL数据库,并通过PHP进行连接,在JSF中,它似乎更加困难.

我使用Apache Tomcat作为Servlet容器,我甚至可以在Tomcat上运行PhpMyAdmin吗？此外,我还介绍了使用Hibernate作为连接工具访问Web应用程序中的数据库的一些不同方法,如JPA和JDBC.

所以我在这个问题中基本上要求的是有关Java Server Faces中数据库连接的初学者技巧和教程.另外我想知道是否有一种方法我仍然可以使用PhpMyAdmin来管理和创建我的数据库.

我很抱歉这个问题如此普遍,但经过几个小时的研究后,我仍然不清楚这个话题,我很想从有经验的人那里得到一些信息.

Answer 1

只是为了开始并了解如何在JSF中建立与db的连接,我将举例说明如何在不使用任何其他框架的情况下手动完成,稍后您可以使用Hibernate或者您想要的任何内容.

1-)确保你的mysql服务器正在运行

2-)创建一个新的动态Web项目(如果尚未存在)

3-)下载mysql Connector jar文件并将其放在web-inf/lib下

4-)在你的web.xml中定义DB Vars.这样的事情:

<context-param>
    <param-name>JDBC-DRIVER</param-name>
    <param-value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
    <param-name>DB-SERVER</param-name>
    <param-value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_name...</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
    <param-name>DB-USER</param-name>
    <param-value>root or your db username</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
    <param-name>DB-PASSWORD</param-name>
    <param-value>...db user password ...</param-value>
</context-param>

5-)创建一个简单的数据库连接管理器示例:

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

import javax.faces.context.FacesContext;


public class DBM implements Serializable{
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 9204275723046653468L;
    private String db_server   = "";
    private String db_user     = "";
    private String db_password = "";
    private String db_driver   = "";

    public Connection connection = null;

    public DBM() throws Exception {
        init();
    }

    private void init()throws Exception{
        FacesContext fc = FacesContext.getCurrentInstance();
        db_server   = fc.getExternalContext().getInitParameter("DB-SERVER");
        db_user     = fc.getExternalContext().getInitParameter("DB-USER");
        db_password = fc.getExternalContext().getInitParameter("DB-PASSWORD");
        db_driver   = fc.getExternalContext().getInitParameter("JDBC-DRIVER");
        Class.forName(db_driver);
    }   

    public Connection initConnection() throws Exception{
        if( this.connection == null ){
            this.connection = DriverManager.getConnection(db_server, db_user, db_password);
            this.connection.setAutoCommit(false);
        }else if( this.connection.isClosed() ){
            this.connection = null;
            this.connection = DriverManager.getConnection(db_server, db_user, db_password);
            this.connection.setAutoCommit(false);
        }
        return this.connection;
    }

    public void closeConnection(){
        try {
            if( this.connection != null ){
                this.connection.close();
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void commitConnection(){
        try {
            if( this.connection != null && !this.connection.isClosed() ){
                this.connection.commit();
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void rollbackConnection(){
        try {
            if( this.connection != null && !this.connection.isClosed() ){
                this.connection.rollback();
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

6-)现在让我们创建一个名为User的测试类,我们使用db Connection:

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;



public class User implements Serializable{
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -7667553477247791348L;
    private int id;
    private String name;    
    private String category;
    private static String db_table = "db table name of this class";

    public User(){

    }
    public User(int id, String name, String cat) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.category = cat;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getCategory() {
        return category;
    }
    public void setCategory(String category) {
        this.category = category;
    }
    public static List<User> getListByCategory(DBM dbm, String cid, boolean close) throws Exception{
        List<User> list            = new ArrayList<User>();
        PreparedStatement preState = null;
        ResultSet resultSet        = null;
        try {
            if( dbm == null ){
                dbm = new DBM();
            }
            String sql = "SELECT * FROM "+db_table+" WHERE _CATEGORY_ID=?";
            preState   = dbm.initConnection().prepareStatement(sql); 
            preState.setString(1, cid);
            resultSet  = preState.executeQuery();
            while (resultSet.next()) {
                list.add( new User(resultSet.getInt(1),resultSet.getString(2),resultSet.getString(3)) );                
            }
        }catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            if( preState != null )
                preState.close();
            if( close && dbm.connection != null )
                dbm.connection.close();         
        }
        return list;
    }

}