那些遇到过的问题

构建Overtone项目

err*_*per 3 clojure overtone

我刚刚开始使用Overtone,但我想从一开始就保持一些有条理的东西.

project.clj:

(defproject overtone-sketchbook "0.1.0-SNAPSHOT"
  :dependencies [[org.clojure/clojure "1.5.1"]
                 [overtone "0.9.1"]])
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src/overtone_sketchbook/synths.clj:

(ns overtone-sketchbook.synths
  (:use [overtone.live]))

(definst pluck-saw [f 800 d 3]
         (* (saw (+ 100 (* 200 (saw d))))
            (pluck (* (white-noise)
                      (env-gen (perc 0.001 2) :action FREE))
                   1 3 (/ 1 f))))
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REPL会议1:

> lein repl
nREPL server started on port 52425
REPL-y 0.2.0
Clojure 1.5.1
    Docs: (doc function-name-here)
          (find-doc "part-of-name-here")
  Source: (source function-name-here)
 Javadoc: (javadoc java-object-or-class-here)
    Exit: Control+D or (exit) or (quit)

user=> (use 'overtone.live)
--> Loading Overtone...
  ********************************************************** 
       WARNING: JVM argument TieredStopAtLevel=1 is active, and may 
       lead to reduced performance. This happens to currently be the 
       default lein setting:

       https://github.com/technomancy/leiningen/pull/1230

       If you didn't intend this JVM arg to be specified, you can turn 
       it off in your project.clj file or your global 
       ~/.lein/profiles.clj file by adding the key-val

       :jvm-opts ^:replace [] 
       ********************************************************** 
--> Booting internal SuperCollider server...
Found 0 LADSPA plugins
*** ERROR: open directory failed '/Users/ilya/Library/Application Support/SuperCollider/synthdefs'
Number of Devices: 2
   0 : "Built-in Input"
   1 : "Built-in Output"

"Built-in Input" Input Device
   Streams: 1
      0  channels 2

"Built-in Output" Output Device
   Streams: 1
      0  channels 2

SC_AudioDriver: sample rate = 44100.000000, driver's block size = 512
--> Connecting to internal SuperCollider server...
--> Connection established

    _____                 __
   / __  /_  _____  _____/ /_____  ____  ___
  / / / / | / / _ \/ ___/ __/ __ \/ __ \/ _ \
 / /_/ /| |/ /  __/ /  / /_/ /_/ / / / /  __/
 \____/ |___/\___/_/   \__/\____/_/ /_/\___/

   Collaborative Programmable Music. v0.9.1


Hey Ilya, I feel something magical is only just beyond the horizon...

nil
user=> (demo overtone-sketchbook.synths/pluck-saw)

IllegalArgumentException Don't know how to create ISeq from: clojure.lang.Symbol  clojure.lang.RT.seqFrom (RT.java:505)
user=> (use 'overtone-sketchbook.synths)
nil
user=> (demo overtone-sketchbook.synths/pluck-saw)

IllegalArgumentException Don't know how to create ISeq from: clojure.lang.Symbol  clojure.lang.RT.seqFrom (RT.java:505)
user=> (demo pluck-saw)

IllegalArgumentException Don't know how to create ISeq from: clojure.lang.Symbol  clojure.lang.RT.seqFrom (RT.java:505)
user=> (require 'overtone-sketchbook.synths)
nil
user=> (demo pluck-saw)

IllegalArgumentException Don't know how to create ISeq from: clojure.lang.Symbol  clojure.lang.RT.seqFrom (RT.java:505)
user=> (demo overtone-sketchbook.synths/pluck-saw)

IllegalArgumentException Don't know how to create ISeq from: clojure.lang.Symbol  clojure.lang.RT.seqFrom (RT.java:505)
user=> Bye for now!
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REPL会议2:

> lein repl
nREPL server started on port 52100
REPL-y 0.2.0
Clojure 1.5.1
    Docs: (doc function-name-here)
          (find-doc "part-of-name-here")
  Source: (source function-name-here)
 Javadoc: (javadoc java-object-or-class-here)
    Exit: Control+D or (exit) or (quit)

user=> (use 'overtone-sketchbook.synths)
--> Loading Overtone...
  ********************************************************** 
       WARNING: JVM argument TieredStopAtLevel=1 is active, and may 
       lead to reduced performance. This happens to currently be the 
       default lein setting:

       https://github.com/technomancy/leiningen/pull/1230

       If you didn't intend this JVM arg to be specified, you can turn 
       it off in your project.clj file or your global 
       ~/.lein/profiles.clj file by adding the key-val

       :jvm-opts ^:replace [] 
       ********************************************************** 
--> Booting internal SuperCollider server...
Found 0 LADSPA plugins
*** ERROR: open directory failed '/Users/ilya/Library/Application Support/SuperCollider/synthdefs'
Number of Devices: 2
   0 : "Built-in Input"
   1 : "Built-in Output"

"Built-in Input" Input Device
   Streams: 1
      0  channels 2

"Built-in Output" Output Device
   Streams: 1
      0  channels 2

SC_AudioDriver: sample rate = 44100.000000, driver's block size = 512
--> Connecting to internal SuperCollider server...
--> Connection established

    _____                 __
   / __  /_  _____  _____/ /_____  ____  ___
  / / / / | / / _ \/ ___/ __/ __ \/ __ \/ _ \
 / /_/ /| |/ /  __/ /  / /_/ /_/ / / / /  __/
 \____/ |___/\___/_/   \__/\____/_/ /_/\___/

   Collaborative Programmable Music. v0.9.1


Hello Ilya, may algorithmic beauty pour forth from your fingertips today.

nil
user=> pluck-saw
#overtone.studio.inst.Inst{:name "pluck-saw", :params ({:value #<Atom@24fc9cde: 800.0>, :name "f", :default 800.0, :rate :kr} {:value #<Atom@449ec5ca: 3.0>, :name "d", :default 3.0, :rate :kr}), :args ("f" "d"), :sdef {:name "overtone-sketchboo96d/pluck-saw", :constants [0.0 0 2.0 3.0 0.5 1.0 50.0 100.0 200.0 1 2 -99 -4 5 0.001], :params (800.0 3.0), :pnames ({:name "f", :index 0} {:name "d", :index 1}), :ugens ({:n-inputs 0, :args nil, :outputs ({:rate 1} {:rate 1}), :name "Control", :rate 1, :n-outputs 2, :rate-name :kr, :inputs (), :special 0, :id 280} #<sc-ugen: saw:ar [1]> #<sc-ugen: binary-op-u-gen:ar [2]> #<sc-ugen: binary-op-u-gen:ar [3]> #<sc-ugen: saw:ar [4]> #<sc-ugen: white-noise:ar [0]> #<sc-ugen: env-gen:kr [0]> #<sc-ugen: binary-op-u-gen:ar [2]> #<sc-ugen: binary-op-u-gen:kr [1]> #<sc-ugen: pluck:ar [5]> #<sc-ugen: binary-op-u-gen:ar [11]> #<sc-ugen: out:ar [12]>)}, :group #<synth-group[live]: Inst pluck-saw Container 31>, :instance-group #<synth-group[live]: Inst pluck-saw 32>, :fx-group #<synth-group[live]: Inst pluck-saw FX 33>, :mixer #<synth-node[live]: overtone.stu547/mono-inst-mixer 34>, :bus #<audio-bus: No Name, mono, id 50>, :fx-chain [], :volume #<Atom@6e9cebcc: 1.0>, :pan #<Atom@3cd6d0: 0.0>, :n-chans 1}
user=> (demo pluck-saw)

CompilerException java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to resolve symbol: demo in this context, compiling:(NO_SOURCE_PATH:1:1) 
user=> (overtone.live/demo pluck-saw)

IllegalArgumentException Don't know how to create ISeq from: clojure.lang.Symbol  clojure.lang.RT.seqFrom (RT.java:505)
user=> Bye for now!
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我错过了非常基本的东西吗？

Sam*_*ron 10

首先,如果你能使你的问题变得更加简单和简洁,那么它将非常有用,因此很容易找到可能的解决方案.

另外,感谢Overtone的尝试 - 对不起,事情并不是很明确.这里有很多事情,所以期待在你的路上问几个问题:-)

但是,看看你的两个REPL摘录,很明显你还没有完全理解三件事:

  • Overtone如何使用Clojure的命名空间
  • 如何设计合成器
  • 如何触发合成器

让我简单地讨论其中的每一个,并希望它们能够揭示正在发生的事情.

首先,Overtone使用Clojure的命名空间.当你use overtone.live正在做的事情是将所有Overtone的公共API函数导入到当前的命名空间中.这意味着,一旦该操作完成后,所有的公共API将提供给您-即demo,defsynth,sin-osc等等.

在你的第二个REPL例子中,你要做的第一件事是:(demo overtone-sketchbook.synths/pluck-saw)哪个不起作用,因为Clojure还不知道demo你的命名空间是什么,也没有任何想法overtone-sketchbook.synth.要了解这些,您需要use或者require命名空间.有关更多信息,请阅读有关Clojure ns宏的信息.

其次,Overtone的合成器是通过调用代表合成器部分(称为ugens)的函数来设计的.ugens的例子有saw,sin-osc,lpf.您可以在Overtone备忘单中看到完整的可用u列表:https://github.com/overtone/overtone/raw/master/docs/cheatsheet/overtone-cheat-sheet.pdf

demo 是一个宏,允许您传入(部分)合成器并播放它:

  • (demo (sin-osc))
  • (demo (sin-osc 440))

请注意,ugens是函数,以便您可以传递参数来修改它们的行为(例如sin-oscugen 的440 hz参数).

同样重要的是要注意,ugens(目前)不能像合成器那样被对待.ugen是synth的组成部分,synth是ugens树.这使我到第三个问题-你试图demo在pluck-saw合成器.这是一个已经设计过并且可能只被触发的合成器.要触发合成器,只需将其称为函数:

(pluck-saw)

您也可以将params(如果设计允许)传递给synth触发器函数.

总结一下:

  • 使用Clojure的ns宏加载外部命名空间,并引入函数使它们可用.对于Overtone的默认API,您需要拉入overtone.live或overtone.core(如果尚未启动服务器,则首先引导服务器).
  • Synths是ugens树.Ugens是标准的Clojure函数和返回数据结构,这些结构可以被宏demo和defsynth.您可以将参数传递给ugen函数以指定其行为.
  • 合成器不是ugens.调用ugen函数会返回一个可以在合成器设计中使用的数据结构.将合成器作为函数调用会触发(即播放)该合成器.

最后,请加入我们的邮件列表 - 我们很高兴看到您正在与Overtone一起做(并计划做),并与您分享我们的热情:

http://groups.google.com/group/overtone/

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