安装没有root访问权限的python包

Question

我想在我使用的服务器上安装python包networkx,并且在我问这个问题之前我会进行搜索,它说要使用

pip install --user networkx

但它不起作用,linux错误是

Usage: /usr/bin/pip install [OPTIONS] PACKAGE_NAMES...

/usr/bin/pip install: error: no such option: --user

谁有人可以帮忙？如何在服务器中安装networkx软件包？

Answer 1

如果在服务器上安装了virtualenv,则可以创建虚拟环境:

virtualenv your_env_name

然后激活它:

source your_env_name/bin/activate

然后通过安装所有您想要的包

pip install packagename

但是,如果尚未安装virtualenv,您应该查看已经回答相同问题的此主题.

为每个项目使用单独的virtualenv仍然更好,因为这样您就可以轻松地使用导出依赖项

pip freeze > requirements.txt

您可以将此requirements.txt添加到版本控件中,稍后,如果要在另一台计算机上安装项目,可以立即安装所有依赖项而不会弄乱版本号等:

pip install -r requirements.txt

Answer 2

也许您需要更新版本的pip？我的1.1版按预期工作

$ pip install --version
pip 1.1 from /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (python 2.7)
$ pip install --user networkx
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): networkx in /home/aric/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages

您可以像这样升级pip（此处的说明：http : //www.pip-installer.org/en/latest/installing.html）

$ wget https://raw.github.com/pypa/pip/master/contrib/get-pip.py

$ python get-pip.py --user
Downloading/unpacking pip from https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/pip/pip-1.4.1.tar.gz#md5=6afbb46aeb48abac658d4df742bff714
  Downloading pip-1.4.1.tar.gz (445kB): 445kB downloaded
  Running setup.py egg_info for package pip

    warning: no files found matching '*.html' under directory 'docs'
    warning: no previously-included files matching '*.rst' found under directory 'docs/_build'
    no previously-included directories found matching 'docs/_build/_sources'
Installing collected packages: pip
  Running setup.py install for pip

    warning: no files found matching '*.html' under directory 'docs'
    warning: no previously-included files matching '*.rst' found under directory 'docs/_build'
    no previously-included directories found matching 'docs/_build/_sources'
    Installing pip script to /home/aric/.local/bin
    Installing pip-2.7 script to /home/aric/.local/bin
Successfully installed pip
Cleaning up...
$ pip --version
pip 1.1 from /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (python 2.7)
$ ~/.local/bin/pip --version
pip 1.4.1 from /home/aric/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages (python 2.7)