PHP函数生成v4 UUID

Question

所以我一直在做一些挖掘,我一直在努力拼凑一个在PHP中生成有效的v4 UUID的函数.这是我能够来的最接近的.我在十六进制,十进制,二进制,PHP的按位运算符等方面的知识几乎不存在.此函数生成有效的v4 UUID直到一个区域.v4 UUID应采用以下形式:

xxxxxxxx-xxxx- 4 xxx- y xxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx

其中y 是8,9,A或B.这是函数失败的地方,因为它不符合它.

我希望在这个领域有比我更多知识的人可以帮助我解决这个问题并帮助我解决这个问题.

功能如下:

<?php

function gen_uuid() {
 $uuid = array(
  'time_low'  => 0,
  'time_mid'  => 0,
  'time_hi'  => 0,
  'clock_seq_hi' => 0,
  'clock_seq_low' => 0,
  'node'   => array()
 );

 $uuid['time_low'] = mt_rand(0, 0xffff) + (mt_rand(0, 0xffff) << 16);
 $uuid['time_mid'] = mt_rand(0, 0xffff);
 $uuid['time_hi'] = (4 << 12) | (mt_rand(0, 0x1000));
 $uuid['clock_seq_hi'] = (1 << 7) | (mt_rand(0, 128));
 $uuid['clock_seq_low'] = mt_rand(0, 255);

 for ($i = 0; $i < 6; $i++) {
  $uuid['node'][$i] = mt_rand(0, 255);
 }

 $uuid = sprintf('%08x-%04x-%04x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x',
  $uuid['time_low'],
  $uuid['time_mid'],
  $uuid['time_hi'],
  $uuid['clock_seq_hi'],
  $uuid['clock_seq_low'],
  $uuid['node'][0],
  $uuid['node'][1],
  $uuid['node'][2],
  $uuid['node'][3],
  $uuid['node'][4],
  $uuid['node'][5]
 );

 return $uuid;
}

?>

感谢任何可以帮助我的人.

Answer 1

不是将其分解为单个字段,而是更容易生成随机数据块并更改单个字节位置.您还应该使用比mt_rand()更好的随机数生成器.

根据RFC 4122 - 第4.4节,您需要更改这些字段:

1. time_hi_and_version (第7个八位字节的4-7位),
2. clock_seq_hi_and_reserved (第9个八位字节的第6和第7位)

所有其他122位应该足够随机.

以下方法使用openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(),生成128位随机数据,在八位字节上进行排列,然后使用bin2hex()和vsprintf()进行最终格式化.

function guidv4($data)
{
    assert(strlen($data) == 16);

    $data[6] = chr(ord($data[6]) & 0x0f | 0x40); // set version to 0100
    $data[8] = chr(ord($data[8]) & 0x3f | 0x80); // set bits 6-7 to 10

    return vsprintf('%s%s-%s-%s-%s-%s%s%s', str_split(bin2hex($data), 4));
}

echo guidv4(openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(16));

使用PHP 7,生成随机字节序列甚至更简单random_bytes():

function guidv4($data = null)
{
    $data = $data ?? random_bytes(16);
    // ...
}

Answer 2

从这本关于PHP手册的评论中,您可以使用:

function gen_uuid() {
    return sprintf( '%04x%04x-%04x-%04x-%04x-%04x%04x%04x',
        // 32 bits for "time_low"
        mt_rand( 0, 0xffff ), mt_rand( 0, 0xffff ),

        // 16 bits for "time_mid"
        mt_rand( 0, 0xffff ),

        // 16 bits for "time_hi_and_version",
        // four most significant bits holds version number 4
        mt_rand( 0, 0x0fff ) | 0x4000,

        // 16 bits, 8 bits for "clk_seq_hi_res",
        // 8 bits for "clk_seq_low",
        // two most significant bits holds zero and one for variant DCE1.1
        mt_rand( 0, 0x3fff ) | 0x8000,

        // 48 bits for "node"
        mt_rand( 0, 0xffff ), mt_rand( 0, 0xffff ), mt_rand( 0, 0xffff )
    );
}

Answer 3

任何使用作曲家依赖关系的人,您可能想要考虑这个库:https://github.com/ramsey/uuid

它没有比这更容易:

Uuid::uuid4();

Answer 4

在unix系统上,使用系统内核为您生成一个uuid.

file_get_contents('/proc/sys/kernel/random/uuid')

来自https://serverfault.com/a/529319/210994的 Samveen信用卡

注意!:使用这种方法得到一个uuid确实耗尽了熵池,非常快!我会避免在频繁调用的地方使用它.

Answer 5

Jack添加对 PHP < 7 的支持的答案略有不同：

// Get an RFC-4122 compliant globaly unique identifier
function get_guid() {
    $data = PHP_MAJOR_VERSION < 7 ? openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(16) : random_bytes(16);
    $data[6] = chr(ord($data[6]) & 0x0f | 0x40);    // Set version to 0100
    $data[8] = chr(ord($data[8]) & 0x3f | 0x80);    // Set bits 6-7 to 10
    return vsprintf('%s%s-%s-%s-%s-%s%s%s', str_split(bin2hex($data), 4));
}

Answer 6

// php version >= 7
$uuid = vsprintf('%s%s-%s-%s-%s-%s%s%s', str_split(bin2hex(random_bytes(16)), 4));

Answer 7

在我寻找创建v4 uuid的过程中,我首先来到这个页面,然后在http://php.net/manual/en/function.com-create-guid.php上找到了这个页面.

function guidv4()
{
    if (function_exists('com_create_guid') === true)
        return trim(com_create_guid(), '{}');

    $data = openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(16);
    $data[6] = chr(ord($data[6]) & 0x0f | 0x40); // set version to 0100
    $data[8] = chr(ord($data[8]) & 0x3f | 0x80); // set bits 6-7 to 10
    return vsprintf('%s%s-%s-%s-%s-%s%s%s', str_split(bin2hex($data), 4));
}

credit:pavel.volyntsev

编辑:澄清一下,这个函数总会给你一个v4 uuid(PHP> = 5.3.0).

当com_create_guid函数可用时(通常仅在Windows上),它将使用它并去除花括号.

如果不存在(Linux),它将依赖于这个强大的随机openssl_random_pseudo_bytes函数,然后它将使用vsprintf将其格式化为v4 uuid.

Answer 8

使用Symfony Polyfill / Uuid
然后你可以生成 uuid 作为本机 php 函数：

$uuid = uuid_create(UUID_TYPE_RANDOM);

有关更多信息，请阅读官方 Symfony blop 帖子 - https://symfony.com/blog/introducing-the-new-symfony-uuid-polyfill

Answer 9

适用于 PHP >= 7 的加密安全 UUID v4。

<?php

function uuid4() {
    /* 32 random HEX + space for 4 hyphens */
    $out = bin2hex(random_bytes(18));

    $out[8]  = "-";
    $out[13] = "-";
    $out[18] = "-";
    $out[23] = "-";

    /* UUID v4 */
    $out[14] = "4";
    
    /* variant 1 - 10xx */
    $out[19] = ["8", "9", "a", "b"][random_int(0, 3)];

    return $out;
}

echo uuid4();

输出：c68469d2-065b-4b17-b36f-5c40efb5f6cd

Answer 10

我的回答是基于评论uniqid用户评论,但它使用openssl_random_pseudo_bytes函数生成随机字符串而不是从/dev/urandom

function guid()
{
    $randomString = openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(16);
    $time_low = bin2hex(substr($randomString, 0, 4));
    $time_mid = bin2hex(substr($randomString, 4, 2));
    $time_hi_and_version = bin2hex(substr($randomString, 6, 2));
    $clock_seq_hi_and_reserved = bin2hex(substr($randomString, 8, 2));
    $node = bin2hex(substr($randomString, 10, 6));

    /**
     * Set the four most significant bits (bits 12 through 15) of the
     * time_hi_and_version field to the 4-bit version number from
     * Section 4.1.3.
     * @see http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4122#section-4.1.3
    */
    $time_hi_and_version = hexdec($time_hi_and_version);
    $time_hi_and_version = $time_hi_and_version >> 4;
    $time_hi_and_version = $time_hi_and_version | 0x4000;

    /**
     * Set the two most significant bits (bits 6 and 7) of the
     * clock_seq_hi_and_reserved to zero and one, respectively.
     */
    $clock_seq_hi_and_reserved = hexdec($clock_seq_hi_and_reserved);
    $clock_seq_hi_and_reserved = $clock_seq_hi_and_reserved >> 2;
    $clock_seq_hi_and_reserved = $clock_seq_hi_and_reserved | 0x8000;

    return sprintf('%08s-%04s-%04x-%04x-%012s', $time_low, $time_mid, $time_hi_and_version, $clock_seq_hi_and_reserved, $node);
} // guid

Answer 11

如果你使用CakePHP，你可以用自己的方法CakeText::uuid();从CakeText类来生成一个RFC4122 UUID。