如何将文本文件中带有换行符的数据导入到R中？

Question

我有一个文本文件，我想将其导入到R. 问题是，该文件如下所示：

x1,x2,x3,x4,x5,x6,x7,x8,x9,10,x11
   1953.00       7.40000       159565.       16.6680       8883.00    
   47.2000       26.7000       16.8000       37.7000       29.7000    
   19.4000    
   1954.00       7.80000       162391.       17.0290       8685.00    
   46.5000       22.7000       18.0000       36.8000       29.7000    
   20.0000

等等。

我尝试过> data <- read.table("clipboard", header=TRUE)，但没有成功。

Answer 1

虽然数据格式不正确，但仍然可以在以下假设的情况下进行解析：

• 标题定义有多少个变量（结果表中的列）
• 数据本身是完整的 - 例如没有缺失值
• 数据是统一类型的（例如numeric()）

以下是解析提供的示例数据的代码，就好像它是从名为 的文本文件中读取的一样data.txt：

# read in the header and split on ","
header = strsplit(readLines('data.txt', n=1), ',')[[1]]

# the length of the header determines how many variables there are

# read in the data which appears to have the pattern
#   <numbers><whitespace><numbers>...
# skipping the first line since it was already parsed as the header
data = scan('data.txt', skip=1, what=numeric())

# reform the data (which is read in as a 1D numeric vector) into a 2D matrix
# with the same number of columns as there are headers (filling by rows).
# header names are assigned via the `dimnames=` argument
data = matrix(data, ncol=length(header), byrow=T, dimnames=list(NULL, header))

产生以下输出：

       x1  x2     x3     x4   x5   x6   x7   x8   x9  x10  x11
[1,] 1953 7.4 159565 16.668 8883 47.2 26.7 16.8 37.7 29.7 19.4
[2,] 1954 7.8 162391 17.029 8685 46.5 22.7 18.0 36.8 29.7 20.0