从XmlDocument获取带换行符的缩进XML的最简单方法是什么？

Question

当我从头开始构建XML时XmlDocument,该OuterXml属性已经通过换行符很好地缩进了所有内容.但是,如果我调用LoadXml一些非常"压缩"的XML(没有换行或缩进),那么输出会OuterXml保持这种状态.所以......

从一个实例中获取美化XML输出的最简单方法是XmlDocument什么？

Answer 1

根据其他答案,我调查XmlTextWriter并提出了以下帮助方法:

static public string Beautify(this XmlDocument doc)
{
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    XmlWriterSettings settings = new XmlWriterSettings
    {
        Indent = true,
        IndentChars = "  ",
        NewLineChars = "\r\n",
        NewLineHandling = NewLineHandling.Replace
    };
    using (XmlWriter writer = XmlWriter.Create(sb, settings)) {
        doc.Save(writer);
    }
    return sb.ToString();
}

它的代码比我希望的要多一些,但它只是很有用.

Answer 2

根据Erika Ehrli的博客改编,应该这样做:

XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.LoadXml("<item><name>wrench</name></item>");
// Save the document to a file and auto-indent the output.
using (XmlTextWriter writer = new XmlTextWriter("data.xml", null)) {
    writer.Formatting = Formatting.Indented;
    doc.Save(writer);
}

Answer 3

如果您可以访问Linq,甚至更容易

try
{
    RequestPane.Text = System.Xml.Linq.XElement.Parse(RequestPane.Text).ToString();
}
catch (System.Xml.XmlException xex)
{
            displayException("Problem with formating text in Request Pane: ", xex);
}

Answer 4

较短的扩展方法版本

public static string ToIndentedString( this XmlDocument doc )
{
    var stringWriter = new StringWriter(new StringBuilder());
    var xmlTextWriter = new XmlTextWriter(stringWriter) {Formatting = Formatting.Indented};
    doc.Save( xmlTextWriter );
    return stringWriter.ToString();
}

Answer 5

如果为XmlDocument已经包含XmlProcessingInstruction子节点的方法调用上述Beautify方法,则抛出以下异常:

无法编写XML声明.WriteStartDocument方法已经写好了.

这是我原来的修改版本摆脱异常:

private static string beautify(
    XmlDocument doc)
{
    var sb = new StringBuilder();
    var settings =
        new XmlWriterSettings
            {
                Indent = true,
                IndentChars = @"    ",
                NewLineChars = Environment.NewLine,
                NewLineHandling = NewLineHandling.Replace,
            };

    using (var writer = XmlWriter.Create(sb, settings))
    {
        if (doc.ChildNodes[0] is XmlProcessingInstruction)
        {
            doc.RemoveChild(doc.ChildNodes[0]);
        }

        doc.Save(writer);
        return sb.ToString();
    }
}

它现在适用于我,可能你需要扫描节点的所有子XmlProcessingInstruction节点,而不仅仅是第一个节点？

2015年4月更新:

由于我有另一个编码错误的情况,我搜索了如何在没有BOM的情况下强制执行UTF-8.我找到了这篇博客文章并基于它创建了一个函数:

private static string beautify(string xml)
{
    var doc = new XmlDocument();
    doc.LoadXml(xml);

    var settings = new XmlWriterSettings
    {
        Indent = true,
        IndentChars = "\t",
        NewLineChars = Environment.NewLine,
        NewLineHandling = NewLineHandling.Replace,
        Encoding = new UTF8Encoding(false)
    };

    using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
    using (var writer = XmlWriter.Create(ms, settings))
    {
        doc.Save(writer);
        var xmlString = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray());
        return xmlString;
    }
}

Answer 6

XmlTextWriter xw = new XmlTextWriter(writer);
xw.Formatting = Formatting.Indented;

Answer 7

    public static string FormatXml(string xml)
    {
        try
        {
            var doc = XDocument.Parse(xml);
            return doc.ToString();
        }
        catch (Exception)
        {
            return xml;
        }
    }