一直得到ImportError:无法导入设置'myapp.settings'错误

Question

这个问题似乎有很多潜在的解决方案,但似乎没有什么对我有用.

运行python manage.py runserver很好,但我在尝试运行时遇到错误django-admin.py- 使用任何选项.我其实是想做一个django-admin.py dumpdata myapp.

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/lemon/.virtualenvs/ram/bin/django-admin.py", line 5, in <module>
management.execute_from_command_line()
File "/Users/lemon/.virtualenvs/ram/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 399, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/Users/lemon/.virtualenvs/ram/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 392, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/Users/lemon/.virtualenvs/ram/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 261, in fetch_command
commands = get_commands()
File "/Users/lemon/.virtualenvs/ram/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 107, in get_commands
apps = settings.INSTALLED_APPS
File "/Users/lemon/.virtualenvs/ram/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 54, in __getattr__
self._setup(name)
File "/Users/lemon/.virtualenvs/ram/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 49, in _setup
self._wrapped = Settings(settings_module)
File "/Users/lemon/.virtualenvs/ram/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 132, in __init__
% (self.SETTINGS_MODULE, e)
ImportError: Could not import settings 'ram.settings' (Is it on sys.path? Is there an import error in the settings file?): No module named ram.settings

我的项目目录的结构是:

README.md
??? TODO
??? fabfile.py
??? manage.py
??? ram
?   ??? __init__.py
?   ??? __init__.pyc
?   ??? ram.sqlite
?   ??? ram.sqlite.orig
?   ??? settings.py
?   ??? settings.py.orig
?   ??? settings.pyc
?   ??? templates
?   ??? urls.py
?   ??? urls.pyc
?   ??? wsgi.py
?   ??? wsgi.pyc
??? ramapp 
?   ??? __init__.py
?   ??? __init__.pyc
?   ??? admin.py
?   ??? admin.pyc
?   ??? forms.py
?   ??? forms.pyc
?   ??? models.py
?   ??? models.pyc
?   ??? templates
?   ?   ??? ram
?   ?       ??? contributors.html
?   ?       ??? index.html
?   ?       ??? ram_sheet.html
?   ?       ??? scenario_add.html
?   ??? tests.py
?   ??? urls.py
?   ??? urls.pyc
?   ??? views.py
?   ??? views.py.orig
?   ??? views.pyc
??? requirements.txt
??? templates
    ??? admin
        ??? base_site.html

我正在使用virtualenvrapper,我重新安装并且没有问题.

manage.py 看起来像这样:

#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import sys

if __name__ == "__main__":
    os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "ram.settings")

    from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line

    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)

不太确定在哪里可以使用它 - 任何帮助都会受到大力赞赏.谢谢.

尝试修改PYTHONPATH建议后,现在得到类似的错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/lemon/.virtualenvs/ram/bin/django-admin.py", line 5, in <module>
management.execute_from_command_line()
File "/Users/lemon/.virtualenvs/ram/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 399, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/Users/lemon/.virtualenvs/ram/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 392, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/Users/lemon/.virtualenvs/ram/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 272, in fetch_command
klass = load_command_class(app_name, subcommand)
File "/Users/lemon/.virtualenvs/ram/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 75, in load_command_class
module = import_module('%s.management.commands.%s' % (app_name, name))
File "/Users/lemon/.virtualenvs/ram/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 40, in import_module
__import__(name)
File "/Users/lemon/.virtualenvs/ram/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/dumpdata.py", line 3, in <module>
from django.core import serializers
File "/Users/lemon/.virtualenvs/ram/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/serializers/__init__.py", line 22, in <module>
from django.core.serializers.base import SerializerDoesNotExist
File "/Users/lemon/.virtualenvs/ram/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/serializers/base.py", line 5, in <module>
from django.db import models
File "/Users/lemon/.virtualenvs/ram/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 83, in <module>
signals.request_started.connect(reset_queries)
File "/Users/lemon/.virtualenvs/ram/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/dispatch/dispatcher.py", line 88, in connect
if settings.DEBUG:
File "/Users/lemon/.virtualenvs/ram/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 54, in __getattr__
self._setup(name)
File "/Users/lemon/.virtualenvs/ram/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 47, in _setup
% (desc, ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE))
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Requested setting DEBUG, but settings are not configured. You must either define the environment variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings.configure() before accessing settings.

Answer 1

尝试:

export PYTHONPATH=/path/to/folder/with/manage.py:$PYTHONPATH

这似乎是一个路径问题.您调用的路径manage.py通常会添加到PYTHONPATH,如果您调用django-admin.py则不会.因此,您的应用程序找不到该ram模块.您需要将您居住的文件夹添加manage.py到PYTHONPATH

编辑

django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured:请求设置DEBUG,但未配置设置.您必须在访问设置之前定义环境变量DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE或调用settings.configure().

意味着你必须告诉django,哪些设置.因此,请输入以下行

export DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE='ram.settings'

或者以下列方式启动django-admin

django-admin.py runserver --settings='ram.settings'

(当然,改变了pythonpath)