如何在PostgreSQL中获取表的列列名和数据类型？

Question

通过以下查询,我们可以获得PostgreSQL中表的列名和数据类型列表.

Answer 1

打开psql commande行并输入:

\d+ table_name

Answer 2

select column_name,data_type 
from information_schema.columns 
where table_name = 'table_name';

使用上面的查询,您可以使用列及其数据类型

Answer 3

SELECT
        a.attname as "Column",
        pg_catalog.format_type(a.atttypid, a.atttypmod) as "Datatype"
    FROM
        pg_catalog.pg_attribute a
    WHERE
        a.attnum > 0
        AND NOT a.attisdropped
        AND a.attrelid = (
            SELECT c.oid
            FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c
                LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
            WHERE c.relname ~ '^(hello world)$'
                AND pg_catalog.pg_table_is_visible(c.oid)
        );

更多信息:http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.3/static/catalog-pg-attribute.html

Answer 4

支持在特定模式中查找表的列名和类型的版本，并使用没有任何子查询的 JOIN

SELECT
    pg_attribute.attname AS column_name,
    pg_catalog.format_type(pg_attribute.atttypid, pg_attribute.atttypmod) AS data_type
FROM
    pg_catalog.pg_attribute
INNER JOIN
    pg_catalog.pg_class ON pg_class.oid = pg_attribute.attrelid
INNER JOIN
    pg_catalog.pg_namespace ON pg_namespace.oid = pg_class.relnamespace
WHERE
    pg_attribute.attnum > 0
    AND NOT pg_attribute.attisdropped
    AND pg_namespace.nspname = 'my_schema'
    AND pg_class.relname = 'my_table'
ORDER BY
    attnum ASC;

Answer 5

更新了 Pratik 答案以支持更多模式和可空值：

SELECT
    "pg_attribute".attname                                                    as "Column",
    pg_catalog.format_type("pg_attribute".atttypid, "pg_attribute".atttypmod) as "Datatype",

    not("pg_attribute".attnotnull) AS "Nullable"
FROM
    pg_catalog.pg_attribute "pg_attribute"
WHERE
    "pg_attribute".attnum > 0
    AND NOT "pg_attribute".attisdropped
    AND "pg_attribute".attrelid = (
        SELECT "pg_class".oid
        FROM pg_catalog.pg_class "pg_class"
            LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace "pg_namespace" ON "pg_namespace".oid = "pg_class".relnamespace
        WHERE
            "pg_namespace".nspname = 'schema'
            AND "pg_class".relname = 'table'
    );

Answer 6

如果您有多个具有相同表名的架构，请不要忘记添加架构名称。

SELECT column_name, data_type 
FROM information_schema.columns
WHERE table_name = 'your_table_name' AND table_schema = 'your_schema_name';

或使用psql：

\d+ your_schema_name.your_table_name

Answer 7

SELECT column_name,data_type 
FROM information_schema.columns 
WHERE
table_name = 'your_table_name' 
AND table_catalog = 'your_database_name' 
AND table_schema = 'your_schema_name';