GraphViz - 如何连接子图？

Question

在DOT语言中GraphViz,我试图表示一个依赖关系图.我需要能够在容器内部拥有节点,并且能够使节点和/或容器依赖于其他节点和/或容器.

我subgraph用来代表我的容器.节点链接工作正常,但我无法弄清楚如何连接子图.

鉴于下面的程序,我需要能够连接cluster_1并cluster_2使用箭头,但我尝试过的任何东西都会创建新节点而不是连接集群:

digraph G {

    graph [fontsize=10 fontname="Verdana"];
    node [shape=record fontsize=10 fontname="Verdana"];

    subgraph cluster_0 {
        node [style=filled];
        "Item 1" "Item 2";
        label = "Container A";
        color=blue;
    }

    subgraph cluster_1 {
        node [style=filled];
        "Item 3" "Item 4";
        label = "Container B";
        color=blue;
    }

    subgraph cluster_2 {
        node [style=filled];
        "Item 5" "Item 6";
        label = "Container C";
        color=blue;
    }

    // Renders fine
    "Item 1" -> "Item 2";
    "Item 2" -> "Item 3";

    // Both of these create new nodes
    cluster_1 -> cluster_2;
    "Container A" -> "Container C";
}

Answer 1

DOT用户手册给出了以下具有簇之间具有边缘的簇的图的示例

digraph G {
  compound=true;
  subgraph cluster0 {
    a -> b;
    a -> c;
    b -> d;
    c -> d;
  }
  subgraph cluster1 {
    e -> g;
    e -> f;
  }
  b -> f [lhead=cluster1];
  d -> e;
  c -> g [ltail=cluster0,lhead=cluster1];
  c -> e [ltail=cluster0];
  d -> h;
}

节点和集群之间的边缘.

Answer 2

为便于参考,HighPerformanceMark答案中描述的解决方案直接应用于原始问题,如下所示:

digraph G {

    graph [fontsize=10 fontname="Verdana" compound=true];
    node [shape=record fontsize=10 fontname="Verdana"];

    subgraph cluster_0 {
        node [style=filled];
        "Item 1" "Item 2";
        label = "Container A";
        color=blue;
    }

    subgraph cluster_1 {
        node [style=filled];
        "Item 3" "Item 4";
        label = "Container B";
        color=blue;
    }

    subgraph cluster_2 {
        node [style=filled];
        "Item 5" "Item 6";
        label = "Container C";
        color=blue;
    }

    // Edges between nodes render fine
    "Item 1" -> "Item 2";
    "Item 2" -> "Item 3";

    // Edges that directly connect one cluster to another
    "Item 1" -> "Item 3" [ltail=cluster_0 lhead=cluster_1];
    "Item 1" -> "Item 5" [ltail=cluster_0 lhead=cluster_2];
}

将compound=true在graph声明中是至关重要的.这产生了输出:

请注意,我将边缘更改为引用群集中的节点,将ltail和lhead属性添加到每个边缘,指定群集名称,并添加图层级属性"compound = true".

关于人们可能想要连接其中没有节点的集群的担心,我的解决方案是始终向每个集群添加一个节点,使用style = plaintext进行渲染.使用此节点标记集群(而不是集群的内置"label"属性,该属性应设置为空字符串(在Python中label='""').这意味着我不再添加直接连接集群的边,但它在我的特殊情况下工作.

Answer 3

确保使用fdp文件的布局.我不认为neato支持集群.