显示文件的十六进制数

Question

我想构建一个可以读取文件的bash程序,比如*.bin并打印所有十六进制数字,就像'hex'编辑那样.哪里可以开始？

Answer 1

使用od命令,

od -t x1  filename

Answer 2

编辑:添加"字节流"功能.如果脚本名称包含单词"stream"(例如,它是一个符号链接,例如ln -s bash-hexdump bash-hexdump-stream并运行./bash-hexdump-stream),它将输出表示文件内容的连续十六进制字符流.否则它的输出看起来像hexdump -C.

由于Bash并不擅长二进制,所以需要一堆技巧:

#!/bin/bash
# bash-hexdump
# by Dennis Williamson - 2010-01-04
# in response to http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2003803/show-hexadecimal-numbers-of-a-file
# usage: bash-hexdump file

if [[ -z "$1" ]]
then
    exec 3<&0                           # read stdin
    [[ -p /dev/stdin ]] || tty="yes"    # no pipe
else
    exec 3<"$1"            # read file
fi

# if the script name contains "stream" then output will be continuous hex digits
# like hexdump -ve '1/1 "%.2x"'
[[ $0 =~ stream ]] && nostream=false || nostream=true

saveIFS="$IFS"
IFS=""                     # disables interpretation of \t, \n and space
saveLANG="$LANG"
LANG=C                     # allows characters > 0x7F
bytecount=0
valcount=0
$nostream && printf "%08x  " $bytecount
while read -s -u 3 -d '' -r -n 1 char    # -d '' allows newlines, -r allows \
do
    ((bytecount++))
    printf -v val "%02x" "'$char"    # see below for the ' trick
    [[ "$tty" == "yes" && "$val" == "04" ]] && break    # exit on ^D
    echo -n "$val"
    $nostream && echo -n " "
    ((valcount++))
    if [[ "$val" < 20 || "$val" > 7e ]]
    then
        string+="."                  # show unprintable characters as a dot
    else
        string+=$char
    fi
    if $nostream && (( bytecount % 8 == 0 ))      # add a space down the middle
    then
        echo -n " "
    fi
    if (( bytecount % 16 == 0 ))   # print 16 values per line
    then
        $nostream && echo "|$string|"
        string=''
        valcount=0
        $nostream && printf "%08x  " $bytecount
    fi
done

if [[ "$string" != "" ]]            # if the last line wasn't full, pad it out
then
    length=${#string}
    if (( length > 7 ))
    then
        ((length--))
    fi
    (( length += (16 - valcount) * 3 + 4))
    $nostream && printf "%${length}s\n" "|$string|"
    $nostream && printf "%08x  " $bytecount
fi
$nostream && echo

LANG="$saveLANG";
IFS="$saveIFS"

这里记录了撇号技巧.相关部分说:

如果前导字符是单引号或双引号,则该值应为单引号或双引号后字符的基础代码集中的数值.

以下是脚本的一些输出,显示了我的前几行/bin/bash以及更多:

00000000  7f 45 4c 46 01 01 01 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |.ELF............|
00000010  02 00 03 00 01 00 00 00  e0 1e 06 08 34 00 00 00  |............4...|
00000020  c4 57 0d 00 00 00 00 00  34 00 20 00 09 00 28 00  |.W......4. ...(.|
00000030  1d 00 1c 00 06 00 00 00  34 00 00 00 34 80 04 08  |........4...4...|
. . .
00000150  01 00 00 00 2f 6c 69 62  2f 6c 64 2d 6c 69 6e 75  |..../lib/ld-linu|
00000160  78 2e 73 6f 2e 32 00 00  04 00 00 00 10 00 00 00  |x.so.2..........|
00000170  01 00 00 00 47 4e 55 00  00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00  |....GNU.........|