Django,ImportError:无法导入名称Celery,可能循环导入？

Question

我在这里看过这个例子:

http://docs.celeryproject.org/en/latest/django/first-steps-with-django.html

我的所有任务都在名为tasks.py的文件中.

更新芹菜并从示例中添加文件django抛出以下错误,无论我尝试什么:

ImportError: cannot import name Celery

问题可能是由以下原因引起的吗？

app.autodiscover_tasks(settings.INSTALLED_APPS, related_name='tasks')

因为它遍历所有具有以下导入的tasks.py文件.

from cloud.celery import app

cloud/celery.py:

from __future__ import absolute_import

import os, sys
from celery import Celery
from celery.schedules import crontab
from django.conf import settings

BROKER_URL = 'redis://:PASSWORD@localhost'

os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'cloud.settings')
app = Celery('cloud', broker=BROKER_URL)
app.config_from_object('django.conf:settings')
app.autodiscover_tasks(settings.INSTALLED_APPS, related_name='tasks')

if "test" in sys.argv:
    app.conf.update(
        CELERY_ALWAYS_EAGER=True,
    )
    print >> sys.stderr, 'CELERY_ALWAYS_EAGER = True'

CELERYBEAT_SCHEDULE = {
    'test_rabbit_running': {
        "task": "retail.tasks.test_rabbit_running",
        "schedule": 3600, #every hour
    },
    [..]

app.conf.update(
    CELERYBEAT_SCHEDULE=CELERYBEAT_SCHEDULE
)

retail/tasks.py:

from cloud.celery import app

import logging
from celery.utils.log import get_task_logger
logger = get_task_logger('tasks')
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

@app.task
def test_rabbit_running():
    import datetime
    utcnow = datetime.datetime.now()
    logger.info('CELERY RUNNING')

当我尝试访问无效的URL(如/ foobar)时,会发生错误.

这是完整的追溯:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/opt/virtenvs/django_slice/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/sync.py", line 126, in handle_request
    respiter = self.wsgi(environ, resp.start_response)
  File "/opt/virtenvs/django_slice/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 255, in __call__
    response = self.get_response(request)
  File "/opt/virtenvs/django_slice/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 178, in get_response
    response = self.handle_uncaught_exception(request, resolver, sys.exc_info())
  File "/opt/virtenvs/django_slice/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 220, in handle_uncaught_exception
    if resolver.urlconf_module is None:
  File "/opt/virtenvs/django_slice/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/urlresolvers.py", line 342, in urlconf_module
    self._urlconf_module = import_module(self.urlconf_name)
  File "/opt/virtenvs/django_slice/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
    __import__(name)
  File "/opt/src/slicephone/cloud/cloud/urls.py", line 52, in 
    urlpatterns +=  patterns('', url(r'^search/', include('search.urls')))
  File "/opt/virtenvs/django_slice/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/conf/urls/__init__.py", line 25, in include
    urlconf_module = import_module(urlconf_module)
  File "/opt/virtenvs/django_slice/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
    __import__(name)
  File "/opt/src/slicephone/cloud/search/urls.py", line 5, in 
    from handlers import SearchHandler
  File "/opt/src/slicephone/cloud/search/handlers.py", line 15, in 
    from places import handlers as placeshandler
  File "/opt/src/slicephone/cloud/places/handlers.py", line 23, in 
    import api as placesapi
  File "/opt/src/slicephone/cloud/places/api.py", line 9, in 
    from djapi import *
  File "/opt/src/slicephone/cloud/places/djapi.py", line 26, in 
    from tasks import add_single_place, add_multiple_places
  File "/opt/src/slicephone/cloud/places/tasks.py", line 2, in 
    from cloud.celery import app
  File "/opt/src/slicephone/cloud/cloud/celery.py", line 4, in 
    from celery import Celery
  File "/opt/src/slicephone/cloud/cloud/celery.py", line 4, in 
    from celery import Celery
ImportError: cannot import name Celery

Answer 1

将以下行添加到cloud/celery.py:

import celery
print celery.__file__

给了我文件本身而不是库中的芹菜模块.将celery.py重命名为celeryapp.py并调整导入后,所有错误都消失了.

注意:

这导致了启动工人的变化:

celery worker --app=cloud.celeryapp:app

对于那些运行celery == 3.1.2并且收到此错误的人:

TypeError: unpack_from() argument 1 must be string or read-only buffer, not memoryview

应用此处提到的补丁:https://github.com/celery/celery/issues/1637

Answer 2

使用Django 1.7.5,Celery 3.1.17和Python 2.7.6,我发现我还在使用它们ImportError: cannot import name Celery.但只有在PyCharm 4.0.4下运行测试时.

我发现解决方案不依赖于Django的第一步中from __future__ import absolute_import所描述的.相反,我重命名为然后更改匹配的内容:.不再有多个命名导致导入混淆的文件实例似乎是一种更简单的方法.proj/proj/celery.pyproj/proj/celery_tasks.py__init__.pyfrom .celery_tasks import app as celery_appcelery.py

Answer 3

2022 年 10 月，importlib-metadata==5.0.0发布。在 python 3.7 中，这会破坏kombu==5.2.4当前版本的celery.

Pinimportlib-metadata==4.13.0或其他小于 5 的版本，或更新到 python 3.8。

Answer 4

得到了同样的错误

我的芹菜设置文件名(celery.py)与'celery'包有冲突...

所以当做这个 - >从芹菜进口芹菜,它提出错误 - 不能导入名称芹菜

解决方案 - >只需将'celery.py'更改为'celery-settings.py'之类的其他内容

Answer 5

你添加了这条线:

from __future__ import absolute_import

到你的cloud/celery.py模块的顶部？

阅读此处示例的细分:http: //docs.celeryproject.org/en/latest/django/first-steps-with-django.html

Answer 6

为我工作(部署在服务器后的一些错误):从项目中删除所有*.pyc文件并重新启动它.

Answer 7

对于想知道导致此错误的原因的人：
我刚才遇到了这个问题，然后我发现了问题---sys.path。
也许你像我一样向 sys.path 添加一些路径，我在manage.py中添加以下代码，

ROOT_PATH = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
SRC_PATH = os.path.join(ROOT_PATH, 'src')
CONF_PATH = os.path.join(ROOT_PATH, 'conf')

sys.path.insert(0, SRC_PATH)
sys.path.insert(0, CONF_PATH)

所以，会在和from celery import Celery中搜索 celerySRC_PATHCONF_PATH，这就是问题所在。

改成

sys.path.append(SRC_PATH)
sys.path.append(CONF_PATH)

lib它将首先在 python 中进行搜索site-packages。完美解决。

Answer 8

我得到了同样的错误。原来我的 Celery 版本有问题。我升级到 3.1，现在这个版本不推荐使用celeryd（http://celery.readthedocs.org/en/latest/whatsnew-3.1.html）。所以我不得不降级到 3.0.19 版本，这是该项目以前使用的稳定版本，到目前为止它运行良好。

    pip install celery==3.0.19

无论如何，如果你不想降级，3.1 版本中 celeryd 的替代品是celery worker。在此处查看更多信息：http : //celery.readthedocs.org/en/latest/userguide/workers.html。

希望这可以帮助！:)