在 .NET 应用程序中使用 RegisterDeviceNotification

Question

我已经看到了一些关于如何从 Windows API 使用 RegisterDeviceNotification 的示例，但我还没有看到任何 .NET 示例。我想编写一个 C# 应用程序，当出现新驱动器时会收到通知（特别是通过 USB、火线等）。这个应用程序需要是一个 Windows 服务，所以我不能使用 WM_DEVICECHANGE 消息而没有一些不良实践黑客。我想避免这种情况。谁能给我一个如何在 C# 中使用 RegisterDeviceNotification 的示例，或者至少给我一个很好的替代方案？

编辑：同样，这是一个没有图形用户界面的 Windows服务。因此，在这种情况下，涉及 WM 通知消息的可能重复项将不起作用。

Answer 1

这个答案提供了相关的代码示例来检测 USB 设备的移除或添加：

using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

internal static class UsbNotification
{
    public const int DbtDevicearrival = 0x8000; // system detected a new device        
    public const int DbtDeviceremovecomplete = 0x8004; // device is gone      
    public const int WmDevicechange = 0x0219; // device change event      
    private const int DbtDevtypDeviceinterface = 5;
    private static readonly Guid GuidDevinterfaceUSBDevice = new Guid("A5DCBF10-6530-11D2-901F-00C04FB951ED"); // USB devices
    private static IntPtr notificationHandle;

    /// <summary>
    /// Registers a window to receive notifications when USB devices are plugged or unplugged.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="windowHandle">Handle to the window receiving notifications.</param>
    public static void RegisterUsbDeviceNotification(IntPtr windowHandle)
    {
        DevBroadcastDeviceinterface dbi = new DevBroadcastDeviceinterface
        {
            DeviceType = DbtDevtypDeviceinterface,
            Reserved = 0,
            ClassGuid = GuidDevinterfaceUSBDevice,
            Name = 0
        };

        dbi.Size = Marshal.SizeOf(dbi);
        IntPtr buffer = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(dbi.Size);
        Marshal.StructureToPtr(dbi, buffer, true);

        notificationHandle = RegisterDeviceNotification(windowHandle, buffer, 0);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Unregisters the window for USB device notifications
    /// </summary>
    public static void UnregisterUsbDeviceNotification()
    {
        UnregisterDeviceNotification(notificationHandle);
    }

    [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
    private static extern IntPtr RegisterDeviceNotification(IntPtr recipient, IntPtr notificationFilter, int flags);

    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    private static extern bool UnregisterDeviceNotification(IntPtr handle);

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    private struct DevBroadcastDeviceinterface
    {
        internal int Size;
        internal int DeviceType;
        internal int Reserved;
        internal Guid ClassGuid;
        internal short Name;
    }
}

WPF 窗口中的用法：

    protected override void OnSourceInitialized(EventArgs e)
    {
        base.OnSourceInitialized(e);

        // Adds the windows message processing hook and registers USB device add/removal notification.
        HwndSource source = HwndSource.FromHwnd(new WindowInteropHelper(this).Handle);
        if (source != null)
        {
            windowHandle = source.Handle;
            source.AddHook(HwndHandler);
            UsbNotification.RegisterUsbDeviceNotification(windowHandle);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Method that receives window messages.
    /// </summary>
    private IntPtr HwndHandler(IntPtr hwnd, int msg, IntPtr wparam, IntPtr lparam, ref bool handled)
    {
        if (msg == UsbNotification.WmDevicechange)
        {
            switch ((int)wparam)
            {
                case UsbNotification.DbtDeviceremovecomplete:
                    Usb_DeviceRemoved(); // this is where you do your magic
                    break;
                case UsbNotification.DbtDevicearrival:
                    Usb_DeviceAdded(); // this is where you do your magic
                    break;
            }
        }

        handled = false;
        return IntPtr.Zero;
    }

Windows 窗体中的用法：

public Form1()
{
    InitializeComponent();
    UsbNotification.RegisterUsbDeviceNotification(this.Handle);
}

protected override void WndProc(ref Message m)
{
    base.WndProc(ref m);
        if (m.Msg == UsbNotification.WmDevicechange)
    {
        switch ((int)m.WParam)
        {
            case UsbNotification.DbtDeviceremovecomplete:
                Usb_DeviceRemoved(); // this is where you do your magic
                break;
            case UsbNotification.DbtDevicearrival:
                Usb_DeviceAdded(); // this is where you do your magic
                break;
        }
    }
}