如何在MATLAB中绘制矢量(物理2D/3D矢量)？

Question

我想知道在MATLAB中绘制矢量的最简单方法.例如:

a = [2 3 5];
b = [1 1 0];
c = a + b;

我想将这个矢量加法可视化为头对尾/平行四边形方法.如何用箭头绘制这些矢量？

Answer 1

a = [2 3 5];
b = [1 1 0];
c = a+b;

starts = zeros(3,3);
ends = [a;b;c];

quiver3(starts(:,1), starts(:,2), starts(:,3), ends(:,1), ends(:,2), ends(:,3))
axis equal

Answer 2

我同意Aamir的意见,Erik Johnson在MathWorks文件交换中提交的arrow.m是一个非常好的选择.您可以使用它来说明向量添加的不同方法,如下所示:

• 提示到尾方法:

  o = [0 0 0];  %# Origin
  a = [2 3 5];  %# Vector 1
  b = [1 1 0];  %# Vector 2
  c = a+b;      %# Resultant
  arrowStarts = [o; a; o];        %# Starting points for arrows
  arrowEnds = [a; c; c];          %# Ending points for arrows
  arrow(arrowStarts,arrowEnds);   %# Plot arrows
  

• 平行四边形法:

  o = [0 0 0];  %# Origin
  a = [2 3 5];  %# Vector 1
  b = [1 1 0];  %# Vector 2
  c = a+b;      %# Resultant
  arrowStarts = [o; o; o];        %# Starting points for arrows
  arrowEnds = [a; b; c];          %# Ending points for arrows
  arrow(arrowStarts,arrowEnds);   %# Plot arrows
  hold on;
  lineX = [a(1) b(1); c(1) c(1)];  %# X data for lines
  lineY = [a(2) b(2); c(2) c(2)];  %# Y data for lines
  lineZ = [a(3) b(3); c(3) c(3)];  %# Z data for lines
  line(lineX,lineY,lineZ,'Color','k','LineStyle',':');  %# Plot lines
  

Answer 3

我arrow(start, end)在MATLAB Central上找到了这个功能,它非常适合绘制具有真实幅度和方向的矢量.