我可以更改NSLayoutConstraint的乘数属性吗？

Question

我在一个superview中创建了两个视图,然后在视图之间添加了约束:

_indicatorConstrainWidth = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem:self.view1 attribute:NSLayoutAttributeWidth relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual toItem:self.view2 attribute:NSLayoutAttributeWidth multiplier:1.0f constant:0.0f];
[_indicatorConstrainWidth setPriority:UILayoutPriorityDefaultLow];
_indicatorConstrainHeight = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem:self.view1 attribute:NSLayoutAttributeHeight relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual toItem:self.view2 attribute:NSLayoutAttributeHeight multiplier:1.0f constant:0.0f];
[_indicatorConstrainHeight setPriority:UILayoutPriorityDefaultLow];
[self addConstraint:_indicatorConstrainWidth];
[self addConstraint:_indicatorConstrainHeight];

现在我想用动画更改乘数属性,但我无法弄清楚如何更改多重属性.(我在头文件NSLayoutConstraint.h中的私有属性中找到了_coefficient,但它是私有的.)

如何更改多重属性？

我的解决方法是删除旧约束并添加具有不同值的新约束multipler.

Answer 1

这是Swift中的NSLayoutConstraint扩展,它使得设置新的乘法器变得非常简单:

import UIKit

extension NSLayoutConstraint {

    func setMultiplier(multiplier:CGFloat) -> NSLayoutConstraint {

        NSLayoutConstraint.deactivateConstraints([self])

        let newConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint(
            item: firstItem,
            attribute: firstAttribute,
            relatedBy: relation,
            toItem: secondItem,
            attribute: secondAttribute,
            multiplier: multiplier,
            constant: constant)

        newConstraint.priority = priority
        newConstraint.shouldBeArchived = shouldBeArchived
        newConstraint.identifier = identifier

        NSLayoutConstraint.activateConstraints([newConstraint])
        return newConstraint
    }
}

在Swift 3.0中

import UIKit
extension NSLayoutConstraint {
    /**
     Change multiplier constraint

     - parameter multiplier: CGFloat
     - returns: NSLayoutConstraint
    */
    func setMultiplier(multiplier:CGFloat) -> NSLayoutConstraint {

        NSLayoutConstraint.deactivate([self])

        let newConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint(
            item: firstItem,
            attribute: firstAttribute,
            relatedBy: relation,
            toItem: secondItem,
            attribute: secondAttribute,
            multiplier: multiplier,
            constant: constant)

        newConstraint.priority = priority
        newConstraint.shouldBeArchived = self.shouldBeArchived
        newConstraint.identifier = self.identifier

        NSLayoutConstraint.activate([newConstraint])
        return newConstraint
    }
}

演示用法:

@IBOutlet weak var myDemoConstraint:NSLayoutConstraint!

override func viewDidLoad() {
    let newMultiplier:CGFloat = 0.80
    myDemoConstraint = myDemoConstraint.setMultiplier(newMultiplier)

    //If later in view lifecycle, you may need to call view.layoutIfNeeded() 
}

Answer 2

如果您只需要应用两组乘数,那么从iOS8开始,您可以添加两组约束并决定哪些应该在任何时候处于活动状态:

NSLayoutConstraint *standardConstraint, *zoomedConstraint;

// ...
// switch between constraints
standardConstraint.active = NO; // this line should always be the first line. because you have to deactivate one before activating the other one. or they will conflict.
zoomedConstraint.active = YES;
[self.view layoutIfNeeded]; // or using [UIView animate ...]

Answer 3

该multiplier物业是只读的.您必须删除旧的NSLayoutConstraint并将其替换为新的NSLayoutConstraint以进行修改.

但是,由于您知道要更改乘数,因此可以通过在需要更改(通常更少的代码)时自己乘以常量来更改常量.

Answer 4

我用来改变现有布局约束的乘数的辅助函数.它创建并激活新约束并停用旧约束.

struct MyConstraint {
  static func changeMultiplier(_ constraint: NSLayoutConstraint, multiplier: CGFloat) -> NSLayoutConstraint {
    let newConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint(
      item: constraint.firstItem,
      attribute: constraint.firstAttribute,
      relatedBy: constraint.relation,
      toItem: constraint.secondItem,
      attribute: constraint.secondAttribute,
      multiplier: multiplier,
      constant: constraint.constant)

    newConstraint.priority = constraint.priority

    NSLayoutConstraint.deactivate([constraint])
    NSLayoutConstraint.activate([newConstraint])

    return newConstraint
  }
}

用法,将乘数改为1.2:

constraint = MyConstraint.changeMultiplier(constraint, multiplier: 1.2)

Answer 5

Objective Schriber的Objective-C版本答案

为NSLayoutConstraint类创建类别,并将此方法添加到.h文件中

    #import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface NSLayoutConstraint (Multiplier)
-(instancetype)updateMultiplier:(CGFloat)multiplier;
@end

在.m文件中

#import "NSLayoutConstraint+Multiplier.h"

@implementation NSLayoutConstraint (Multiplier)
-(instancetype)updateMultiplier:(CGFloat)multiplier {

    [NSLayoutConstraint deactivateConstraints:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:self, nil]];

   NSLayoutConstraint *newConstraint = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem:self.firstItem attribute:self.firstAttribute relatedBy:self.relation toItem:self.secondItem attribute:self.secondAttribute multiplier:multiplier constant:self.constant];
    [newConstraint setPriority:self.priority];
    newConstraint.shouldBeArchived = self.shouldBeArchived;
    newConstraint.identifier = self.identifier;
    newConstraint.active = true;

    [NSLayoutConstraint activateConstraints:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:newConstraint, nil]];
    //NSLayoutConstraint.activateConstraints([newConstraint])
    return newConstraint;
}
@end

稍后在ViewController中为要更新的约束创建插座.

@property (strong, nonatomic) IBOutlet NSLayoutConstraint *topConstraint;

并在下面的任何地方更新乘数.

self.topConstraint = [self.topConstraint updateMultiplier:0.9099];

Answer 6

正如其他答案所解释的那样：您需要删除约束并创建新约束。

您可以通过为NSLayoutConstraintwithinout参数创建静态方法来避免返回新约束，这允许您重新分配传递的约束

import UIKit

extension NSLayoutConstraint {

    static func setMultiplier(_ multiplier: CGFloat, of constraint: inout NSLayoutConstraint) {
        NSLayoutConstraint.deactivate([constraint])

        let newConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint(item: constraint.firstItem, attribute: constraint.firstAttribute, relatedBy: constraint.relation, toItem: constraint.secondItem, attribute: constraint.secondAttribute, multiplier: multiplier, constant: constraint.constant)

        newConstraint.priority = constraint.priority
        newConstraint.shouldBeArchived = constraint.shouldBeArchived
        newConstraint.identifier = constraint.identifier

        NSLayoutConstraint.activate([newConstraint])
        constraint = newConstraint
    }

}

用法示例：

@IBOutlet weak var constraint: NSLayoutConstraint!

override func viewDidLoad() {
    NSLayoutConstraint.setMultiplier(0.8, of: &constraint)
    // view.layoutIfNeeded() 
}

Answer 7

您可以更改"常量"属性,以通过一点点数学实现相同的目标.假设约束的默认乘数是1.0f.这是Xamarin C#代码,可以很容易地转换为objective-c

private void SetMultiplier(nfloat multiplier)
{
    FirstItemWidthConstraint.Constant = -secondItem.Frame.Width * (1.0f - multiplier);
}

Answer 8

斯威夫特 5+

根据Evgenii 的 回答，这是一种改变multiplierthrough的优雅方法extension。

extension NSLayoutConstraint {
    func change(multiplier: CGFloat) {
        let newConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint(item: firstItem,
                                               attribute: firstAttribute,
                                               relatedBy: relation,
                                               toItem: secondItem,
                                               attribute: secondAttribute,
                                               multiplier: multiplier,
                                               constant: constant)

        newConstraint.priority = self.priority

        NSLayoutConstraint.deactivate([self])
        NSLayoutConstraint.activate([newConstraint])
    }
}

以及用法：

myConstraint.change(multiplier: 0.6)

Answer 9

在 Swift 5.x 中，您可以使用：

extension NSLayoutConstraint {
    func setMultiplier(multiplier: CGFloat) -> NSLayoutConstraint {
        guard let firstItem = firstItem else {
            return self
        }
        NSLayoutConstraint.deactivate([self])
        let newConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint(item: firstItem, attribute: firstAttribute, relatedBy: relation, toItem: secondItem, attribute: secondAttribute, multiplier: multiplier, constant: constant)
        newConstraint.priority = priority
        newConstraint.shouldBeArchived = self.shouldBeArchived
        newConstraint.identifier = self.identifier
        NSLayoutConstraint.activate([newConstraint])
        return newConstraint
    }
}

Answer 10

在尝试修改我自己的代码后，上述代码均不适用于我此代码此代码在 Xcode 10 和 swift 4.2 中有效

import UIKit
extension NSLayoutConstraint {
/**
 Change multiplier constraint

 - parameter multiplier: CGFloat
 - returns: NSLayoutConstraintfor 
*/i
func setMultiplier(multiplier:CGFloat) -> NSLayoutConstraint {

    NSLayoutConstraint.deactivate([self])

    let newConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint(
        item: firstItem,
        attribute: firstAttribute,
        relatedBy: relation,
        toItem: secondItem,
        attribute: secondAttribute,
        multiplier: multiplier,
        constant: constant)

    newConstraint.priority = priority
    newConstraint.shouldBeArchived = self.shouldBeArchived
    newConstraint.identifier = self.identifier

    NSLayoutConstraint.activate([newConstraint])
    return newConstraint
}
}



 @IBOutlet weak var myDemoConstraint:NSLayoutConstraint!

override func viewDidLoad() {
let newMultiplier:CGFloat = 0.80
myDemoConstraint = myDemoConstraint.setMultiplier(newMultiplier)

//If later in view lifecycle, you may need to call view.layoutIfNeeded() 
 }