在Mac OS X 10.9之后无法安装PIL

Question

我刚刚将我的Mac OS更新到10.9,我发现我的Python模块中的一些(全部？)不再存在,尤其是Image one.

所以我尝试执行sudo pip install pil,但是我收到了这个错误:

/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/include/tk.h:78:11: fatal error: 'X11/Xlib.h' file not found

#      include <X11/Xlib.h>

               ^

1 error generated.

error: command 'cc' failed with exit status 1

我的Xcode是最新的,我不知道.PIL有可能还不兼容10.9吗？

Answer 1

以下为我工作:

ln -s  /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Versions/8.5/Headers/X11 /usr/local/include/X11
sudo pip install pil

更新:

但Will提供了更多正确的解决方案.

打开你的终端并执行: xcode-select --install

Answer 2

打开你的终端并执行:

xcode-select --install

Answer 3

sudo ln -s /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.8.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Versions/8.5/Headers/X11/ /usr/local/include/X11

对我有帮助!os x 10.9

pip install pillow

但!pip安装后......

*** ZLIB (PNG/ZIP) support not available

最后我通过运行来修复它:

xcode-select --install

然后重新安装枕头

pip install pillow

PIL SETUP SUMMARY
    --------------------------------------------------------------------
    version      Pillow 2.2.1
    platform     darwin 2.7.5 (default, Aug 25 2013, 00:04:04)
                 [GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 5.0 (clang-500.0.68)]
    --------------------------------------------------------------------
    --- TKINTER support available
    --- JPEG support available
    --- ZLIB (PNG/ZIP) support available
    --- TIFF G3/G4 (experimental) support available
    --- FREETYPE2 support available
    --- LITTLECMS support available
    --- WEBP support available
    --- WEBPMUX support available
    --------------------------------------------------------------------

Answer 4

适合我(OS X Yosemite 10.10.2 - Python 2.7.9):

xcode-select --install
sudo pip install pillow

试试看它:

from PIL import Image
image = Image.open("file.jpg")
image.show()

Answer 5

这是我做的,有些步骤可能不仅仅是PIL,但我需要libpng和其他人:

1)运行xcode install,使用此命令或从应用商店下载更新:

xcode-select --install

1b)添加命令行工具可选工具,在Mountain Lion中这是xcode下载页面上的一个选项,但现在您必须注册您的苹果ID并从以下网址下载:https://developer.apple.com/downloads/

寻找Xcode的命令行工具(OS X Mavericks)

2)安装python所需的一切(使用brew),我相信你也可以使用端口:

brew install readline sqlite gdbm
brew install python --universal --framework 
brew install libpng jpeg freetype

如果需要,取消链接/重新链接,即升级.

3)安装Pip和所需的模块:

easy_install pip 
sudo pip install setuptools --no-use-wheel --upgrade

4)最后这没有错误:

sudo pip install Pillow

更新 11/04/14:PIL回购不再接收更新或支持,因此应使用Pillow.以下现已弃用,所以坚持使用枕头.

sudo pip install pil --allow-external pil --allow-unverified pil

更新(旧):安装Pillow(PIL fork)同样适用,应该提及它在大多数PIL情况下迅速成为替代品.而不是在步骤4中安装pip,而是运行它:

sudo pip install Pillow

希望这有助于某人!

Answer 6

安装命令行工具为我解决了这个问题

你必须单独安装它们,因为它们现在不属于xcode中的软件包:

https://developer.apple.com/downloads/index.action?=command%20line%20tools#

Answer 7

没有那些为我工作..我一直收到:

clang: error: unknown argument: '-mno-fused-madd' [-Wunused-command-line-argument-hard-error-in-future]
clang: note: this will be a hard error (cannot be downgraded to a warning) in the future
error: command 'cc' failed with exit status 1

所以我找到了解决以下解决方案的方法:

sudo export CFLAGS=-Qunused-arguments
sudo export CPPFLAGS=-Qunused-arguments
sudo pip install PIL --allow-external PIL --allow-unverified PIL

这样我就能安装了.

Answer 8

我遇到了类似的问题:安装枕头失败clang: error: unknown argument: '-mno-fused-madd' [-Wunused-command-line-argument-hard-error-in-future],安装命令行工具失败Can't install the software because it is not currently available from the Software Update server.,甚至在手动安装命令行工具后,PIL的编译失败.

发生这种情况导致最新版本的xcode下的clang不会对未知的编译器标志发出警告,而是以硬错误停止编译.

要解决这个问题,只需export ARCHFLAGS="-Wno-error=unused-command-line-argument-hard-error-in-future"在尝试编译之前在终端上运行(安装pil).

Answer 9

简单地跑

pip install pil --allow-external pil --allow-unverified pil