创建和写入XML文件会引发异常 - >系统内存不足异常？
Meh*_*ard 14 .net c# xna garbage-collection
我已经开发了一段时间在XNA中称为"体素"的小游戏.一个.NET C#像Minecraft游戏.我使用一个简单的概念来保存和读取我的游戏中的数据来构建世界地图.一切都存储在xml文件中.
现在我正在尝试加载更大的地图,并且在生成地图期间会出现'paf'异常:
[ 系统内存不足异常 ]
我不明白为什么,因为在异常被提出后我的文件不是很重,它大约是70 MB.在生成高达70 mb的XML文件期间看到异常引发是否正常？
使用的开发环境
- Microsoft Windows 7(x64)位
- Visual Studio 2012专业版更新3
- 8192拉姆
- 英特尔i5 CPU 2.5 Ghz(4 cpus)
我确实用CLR分析器进行了测试,以检查垃圾收集器的工作原理:
我初始化我的XmlWritter的代码:
private XmlTextWriter myXmlTextWriter ;
#region prepareNewWorldXmlFIle
private void PreparedNewWorldXmlFile()
{
Stream fs = new FileStream(currentPath + "World\\world.xml", FileMode.Create);
myXmlTextWriter = new XmlTextWriter(fs,Encoding.ASCII);
myXmlTextWriter.Formatting = Formatting.Indented;
myXmlTextWriter.WriteStartDocument(false);
myXmlTextWriter.WriteComment("World Map ID:");
//World and his attribute
myXmlTextWriter.WriteStartElement("World");
myXmlTextWriter.WriteStartElement("Matrix", null);
myXmlTextWriter.WriteStartElement("Regions");
}
#endregion
我用来生成我的世界地图并编写一个xml文件的代码:
//Octree calcul and generate map to xml file
foreach (Region region in arcadia.world.Regions)
{
isAllCheckSameIdOctree = false;
if (isFirstGenerationWorld)
{
//Regions and attributes
myXmlTextWriter.WriteStartElement("Region");
myXmlTextWriter.WriteAttributeString("id", indexRegion.ToString());
myXmlTextWriter.WriteAttributeString("min", "x:" + region.PositionMin.X + ";y:" + region.PositionMin.Y + ";z:" + region.PositionMin.Z);
myXmlTextWriter.WriteAttributeString("max", "x:" + region.PositionMax.X + ";y:" + region.PositionMax.Y + ";z:" + region.PositionMax.Z);
myXmlTextWriter.WriteStartElement("Structures");
myXmlTextWriter.WriteAttributeString("type", "cube");
}
indexRegion++;
if (region.Matrice != null)
{
//If the node to generate contain minimum a height divisible by 2
if (((region.PositionMax.Y - region.PositionMin.Y) / 2) > 2)
{
//generate and octree by 8
GenerateNodes(region, region.PositionMin, 8);
}
else if (((region.PositionMax.Y - region.PositionMin.Y) / 2) <= 2)
{
//generate and octree by 4
GenerateNodes(region, region.PositionMin, 4);
}
while (!isAllCheckSameIdOctree)
{
if (nodeToRegenerate != null && needRecurseBuild)
{
//if the node is greater than 2
if (nodeToRegenerate.TotalHeight > 2)
{
nodeToRegenerate = GenerateNodes(nodeToRegenerate, region, nodeToRegenerate.Position, 8);
if (nodeToRegenerate == null)
{
isAllCheckSameIdOctree = true;
}
}
else if (nodeToRegenerate.TotalHeight <= 2)
{
nodeToRegenerate = GenerateNodes(nodeToRegenerate, region, nodeToRegenerate.Position, 4);
if (nodeToRegenerate == null)
{
isAllCheckSameIdOctree = true;
}
}
}
else
{
isAllCheckSameIdOctree = true;
}
}
if (isFirstGenerationWorld)
{
myXmlTextWriter.WriteEndElement();//Ferme le noeud Structures
myXmlTextWriter.WriteEndElement();//Ferme le noeud Region
myXmlTextWriter.Flush();
}
}
else
{
if (isFirstGenerationWorld)
{
myXmlTextWriter.WriteEndElement();//Ferme le noeud Structures
myXmlTextWriter.WriteEndElement();//Ferme le noeud Region
myXmlTextWriter.Flush();
}
}
}
if (isFirstGenerationWorld)
{
myXmlTextWriter.WriteEndElement();//Ferme le noeud Regions
myXmlTextWriter.WriteEndElement();//Ferme le noeud World
myXmlTextWriter.Flush();
myXmlTextWriter.Close();
}
在我的generatedNode函数中捕获异常,请参阅下面的更多信息
我的generatedNode函数递归,其中异常触发'系统内存不足异常
#region ReGenerateWorld
private Node GenerateNodes(Node nodeToRegenerate, Region region, Vector3 position, int countToCut)
{
//Relative dimension of the parent octree
int widthParent = (int)nodeToRegenerate.TotalWidth / 2;
int heightParent = (int)nodeToRegenerate.TotalHeight / 2;
int lenghtParent = (int)nodeToRegenerate.TotalLenght / 2;
//Relative dimension of the parent octree
int widthNode = (widthParent) / (countToCut / (countToCut / 2));
int heightNode = (heightParent) / (countToCut / (countToCut / 2));
int lenghtNode = (lenghtParent) / (countToCut / (countToCut / 2));
if (heightNode < 1)
{
heightNode = 1;
}
int refX = (int)position.X / 2;
int refY = (int)position.Y / 2;
int refZ = (int)position.Z / 2;
int indexStartX = 0;
int indexStartY = 0;
int indexStartZ = 0;
int nbrToCut = 0;
if (heightParent >= 2)
{
nbrToCut = ((widthParent / (widthParent / 2))) * ((heightParent / (heightParent / 2))) * ((lenghtParent / (lenghtParent / 2)));
}
else
{
nbrToCut = 4;
heightNode = 1;
}
//Calculate the number of cubic to cut
//Génére les noeud racine
int countVertical = 0;
int calcPosX = 0;
int calcPosY = 0;
int calcPosZ = 0;
int[][][] nodeMatriceWorld = null;
bool firstTime;
newNode = null;
int idGroup = 0;
bool isSameId = true;
int idToCheck = 0;
for (int index = 0; (index < nbrToCut) && (refY < 32); index++)
{
indexStartX = refX;
indexStartY = refY;
indexStartZ = refZ;
try
{
nodeMatriceWorld = new int[widthNode][][];
for (int i = 0; i < widthNode; i++)
{
nodeMatriceWorld[i] = new int[lenghtNode][];
for (int j = 0; j < lenghtNode; j++)
{
nodeMatriceWorld[i][j] = new int[heightNode];
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
// OUT OF MEMORY EXCEPTION HERE
Console.Out.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
firstTime = true;
for (int epaisseur = 0; epaisseur < heightNode; epaisseur++, indexStartY++)
{
for (int ligne = 0; ligne < lenghtNode; ligne++, indexStartZ++)
{
for (int collone = 0; collone < widthNode; collone++, indexStartX++)
{
if (firstTime)
{
calcPosX = indexStartX;
calcPosY = indexStartY;
calcPosZ = indexStartZ;
firstTime = false;
}
nodeMatriceWorld[collone][ligne][epaisseur] = matriceWorld[indexStartX][indexStartZ][indexStartY];
}
indexStartX = refX;
}
indexStartZ = refZ;
}
indexStartY = refY;
idGroup = matriceWorld[calcPosX][calcPosZ][calcPosY];
countVertical++;
if (newNode != null)
{
newNode.Dispose();
}
newNode = new Node(nodeMatriceWorld, new Vector3(calcPosX, calcPosY, calcPosZ), idGroup, widthNode, heightNode, lenghtNode);
region.Nodes[idGroup].Add(newNode);
//Regions.Add(new Node(nodeMatriceWorld, new Vector3(calcPosX, calcPosY, calcPosZ), idGroup));
refX += widthNode;
if (countVertical >= 4)
{
refY = ((int)position.Y / 2) + heightNode;
refX = ((int)position.X / 2);
refZ = (int)position.Z / 2;
countVertical = 0;
}
else if (countVertical == 2)
{
refZ = ((int)position.Z / 2) + lenghtNode;
refX = ((int)position.X / 2);
}
}
isSameId = true;
nodeToRegenerate = null;
needRecurseBuild = false;
idToCheck = 0;
// Check for each octree node if all are the same id
foreach (List<Node> listNode in region.Nodes)
{
foreach (Node node in listNode.Where(m => m.isGroupSameId == false))
{
isSameId = true;
idToCheck = node.matriceNode[0][0][0];
node.isGroupSameId = true;//Le met a true au depart
for (int epaisseur = 0; epaisseur < node.TotalHeight / 2 && isSameId; epaisseur++)
{
for (int ligne = 0; ligne < node.TotalLenght / 2 && isSameId; ligne++)
{
for (int collone = 0; collone < node.TotalWidth / 2 && isSameId; collone++)
{
if (node.matriceNode[collone][ligne][epaisseur] != idToCheck)
{
isSameId = false;//si au moin un cube est différent on le marque
node.isGroupSameId = false;
//node.ItemGroup = node.matriceNode[collone, epaisseur, ligne];
nodeToRegenerate = node;
needRecurseBuild = true;
break;
}
}
}
}
if (!isSameId)
{
break;
}
else
{
if (idToCheck != 0)
{
isSameId = true;
node.isGroupSameId = true;
node.ItemGroup = idToCheck;
node.matriceNode = null;
node.Cube = new Primitives3D.Cube(node.ItemGroup, node.Position, new Vector3(0, 0, 0), node.TotalWidth, node.TotalHeight, node.TotalLenght);
//Initialise le cube qui représente le noeud
node.Cube.BuildCubeStart();
if (isFirstGenerationWorld)
{
myXmlTextWriter.WriteStartElement("Cube");
//Structures et ses attributs
myXmlTextWriter.WriteAttributeString("id", node.ItemGroup.ToString());
myXmlTextWriter.WriteAttributeString("min", "x:" + node.Cube.BoundingBox.Min.X + ";y:" + node.Cube.BoundingBox.Min.Y + ";z:" + node.Cube.BoundingBox.Min.Z);
myXmlTextWriter.WriteAttributeString("max", "x:" + node.Cube.BoundingBox.Max.X + ";y:" + node.Cube.BoundingBox.Max.Y + ";z:" + node.Cube.BoundingBox.Max.Z);
myXmlTextWriter.WriteEndElement();//Ferme le noeud xml cube
myXmlTextWriter.Flush();
}
//Ajoute l'id du noeud aux groupe d'id de la region s'il n'y était pas auparavant
if (!region.IdFound.Contains(node.ItemGroup) && node.ItemGroup != 0)
{
region.IdFound.Add(node.ItemGroup);
}
}
// If the node group is equal to an empty group id -> 0 it removes entire else
{
nodeToDelete = node;
}
}
}
if (!isSameId)
{
break;
}
//Console.Out.WriteLine("Nodes cout generated : " + Nodes.Count.ToString());
}
// If a node does not contain all the same id -> go remove it
if (!isSameId)
{
region.Nodes[nodeToRegenerate.ItemGroup].Remove(nodeToRegenerate);
}
if (nodeToDelete != null)
{
region.Nodes[nodeToDelete.ItemGroup].Remove(nodeToDelete);
}
nodeToDelete = null;
//Dispose the resources
newNode.Dispose();
nodeMatriceWorld = null;
return nodeToRegenerate;
}
#endregion
例外:
你的加载代码中的widthNode、lengthNode和heightNode有多大？如果出现一些不合理的值，您最终可能会分配一个巨大的 int 数组 - 并且在大对象堆上分配足够大的对象，这更难管理 - 首先，它不会被压缩。因此，您将拥有一个 3 GB 的进程，但实际上仅使用 70 MB 的内存。
重复加载（和释放）时是否会发生异常，或者每次应用程序运行仅加载一个节点时也会发生异常吗？CLR 探查器中的按地址查看对象有助于查看实际内存排列 - 如果堆碎片是您的问题，您将很容易看到可用空间间隙。
最后但并非最不重要的一点是，由于某种原因，OutOfMemoryException 可能是完全错误的 - 通常的罪魁祸首往往是在数组构造函数中获取错误的值（例如 new int[int.MaxValue] 将失败）。