tkinter.TclError:无法连接显示"localhost:18.0"

Question

我试图在中央服务器上运行模拟(用python编写),当模拟完成后,通过连接到我的本地PC将保存的图形文件/保存的数据文件移动到我的本地PC.代码如下:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import subprocess
import scipy.io
import os

#Save data file:
scipy.io.savemat(data_path + Filename_str, dict(A=board))

#Create / Save figure by using imshow (Heatmap)
p = plt.imshow(mean_map.T, cmap = plt.cm.gist_yarg_r, origin = 'lower',  extent = [0, phi, 0, Z], aspect='auto')
plt.savefig(figure_path + Filename_str + '-Homophily.pdf')

# Connect to my local host (arabian-knights) using ssh, and follow command.
ret = subprocess.call(['ssh', 'arabian-knights', 'mv Data/* /scratch/Data/'])
ret = subprocess.call(['ssh', 'arabian-knights', 'mv Figure/* /scratch/Figure/'])

我从本地计算机(阿拉伯骑士)连接到服务器计算机后,在服务器计算机的后台运行此模拟.即使我关闭与服务器计算机的连接,因为模拟在后台运行,它不会停止,并且模拟完成后数据文件正确地移动到我的本地计算机.但是,不保存图文件(由matplotlib.pyplot.imshow生成),显示以下错误消息:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./ThrHomoHeatmap-thrstep.py", line 179, in <module>
    p = plt.imshow(board.T, cmap = plt.cm.gist_yarg_r, vmin=0, vmax=n, origin = 'lower',  extent = [0, phi, 0, Z], aspect='auto')
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 2370, in imshow
    ax = gca()
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 701, in gca
    ax =  gcf().gca(**kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 369, in gcf
    return figure()
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 343, in figure
    **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/matplotlib/backends/backend_tkagg.py", line 80, in new_figure_manager
    window = Tk.Tk()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/Tkinter.py", line 1688, in __init__
    self.tk = _tkinter.create(screenName, baseName, className, interactive, wantobjects, useTk, sync, use)
_tkinter.TclError: couldn't connect to display "localhost:18.0"

有没有人可以解决这个问题,将matplotlib.pyplot图形文件从服务器移动到本地计算机？

Answer 1

问题是您正在使用交互式后端,它正在尝试为您创建图形窗口,这些窗口失败,因为您已断开启动模拟时可用的x-server.

将导入更改为

import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('pdf')
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

Answer 2

在没有窗口的情况下生成图像(背景)

使用非交互式后端(请参阅什么是后端？),例如Agg(for PNGs)PDF,, SVG或PS.在生成图形的脚本中,只需matplotlib.use()在导入之前调用指令pylab或pyplot:

import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('Agg')
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.plot([1,2,3])
plt.savefig('myfig')

注意:在评论中简短地提到了这个答案.我把它放在这里作为提高可见度的答案,因为它帮助了我,我很幸运,我决定阅读评论.