415不支持的媒体类型 - 在lightswitch 2012中将json POST到OData服务

Question

我在使用JSON时发布到OData服务时收到'错误415:不支持的媒体类型'.

解决这个相当长的帖子的底部.

我可以使用JSON获取,但是一旦我尝试POST,我就会收到此错误.

我也可以使用XML进行GET/POST,但是我需要使用json.

我认为这个错误指的是我的标题中的错误,而不是我的请求体的json格式,下面也可能是不正确的,我尝试了一些导致相同错误的变体.

我一直在尝试使用Fiddler进行调试,结果如下.

JSON POST

请求

POST http://scdb38:8888/bi.test/applicationdata.svc/Sharks HTTP/1.1
User-Agent: Fiddler
Host: scdb38:8888
Content-Length: 91
Accept: application/json;odata=verbose;
Content-Type: application/json;

{
   "d":[
      {
         "Name":"Great White ",
         "Food":"Surfers"
      }
   ]
}

响应

HTTP/1.1 415 Unsupported Media Type
Cache-Control: private
Content-Length: 186
Content-Type: application/json;odata=verbose;charset=utf-8
Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
DataServiceVersion: 1.0;
X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
Date: Wed, 16 Oct 2013 06:20:10 GMT

{"error":{"code":"1","message":{"lang":"en-AU","value":"<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-16\"?><ExceptionInfo><Message>Unsupported media type requested.</Message></ExceptionInfo>"}}}

JSON GET

请求标题

GET http://scdb38:8888/bi.test/applicationdata.svc/Sharks HTTP/1.1
User-Agent: Fiddler
Host: scdb38:8888
Content-Length: 0
Accept: application/json;odata=verbose;
Content-Type: application/json;

响应标题

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Cache-Control: no-cache
Content-Length: 591
Content-Type: application/json;odata=verbose;charset=utf-8
Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
DataServiceVersion: 1.0;
X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
Date: Wed, 16 Oct 2013 06:23:41 GMT

{"d":[{"__metadata":{"id":"http://scdb38:8888/BI.Test/ApplicationData.svc/Sharks(1)","uri":"http://scdb38:8888/BI.Test/ApplicationData.svc/Sharks(1)","etag":"W/\"X'00000000000007E4'\"","type":"LightSwitchApplication.Shark"},"Id":1,"RowVersion":"AAAAAAAAB+Q=","Name":"Tiger Shark","Food":"Penguins"},{"__metadata":{"id":"http://scdb38:8888/BI.Test/ApplicationData.svc/Sharks(2)","uri":"http://scdb38:8888/BI.Test/ApplicationData.svc/Sharks(2)","etag":"W/\"X'00000000000007E5'\"","type":"LightSwitchApplication.Shark"},"Id":2,"RowVersion":"AAAAAAAAB+U=","Name":"Grey Nurse","Food":"Lettuce"}]}

我不清楚为什么当GET工作正常时,媒体类型不支持POST.我意识到我正在使用DataServiceVersion:1.0并且已经查找升级但我使用LightSwitch 2012并且在没有破坏LightSwitch应用程序的情况下引用了更新版本的问题.我认为LightSwitch 2013使用的是较新的版本(？),但对我的升级会带来新的(非技术性)挑战.我觉得我要在cirlces中走动,这是我的最后一招,在与同事交谈之后,我唯一的另一个选择就是在数据库上创建数据模型并在此创建OData服务.

---- 更新 ----

我已经尝试过Jen S提供的两个修复程序,现在得到Error:400 Bad Request.

使用odata = verbose

POST http://scdb38:8888/bi.test/applicationdata.svc/Sharks HTTP/1.1
Accept: application/json;odata=verbose;
Content-Type: application/json;odata=verbose;
Content-Length: 98
Host: scdb38:8888

{
   "d":[
      {
         "Name":"Great White ",
         "Food":"Surfers"
      }
   ]
}


HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request
Cache-Control: private
Content-Length: 201
Content-Type: application/json;odata=verbose;charset=utf-8
Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
DataServiceVersion: 1.0;
X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
Date: Wed, 16 Oct 2013 23:31:09 GMT

{"error":{"code":"1","message":{"lang":"en-AU","value":"<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-16\"?><ExceptionInfo><Message>An error occurred while processing this request.</Message></ExceptionInfo>"}}}

使用DataServiceVersion:1.0

POST http://scdb38:8888/bi.test/applicationdata.svc/Sharks HTTP/1.1
Accept: application/json;odata=verbose;
Content-Type: application/json;
Content-Length: 98
Host: scdb38:8888
DataServiceVersion: 1.0;

{
   "d":[
      {
         "Name":"Great White ",
         "Food":"Surfers"
      }
   ]
}


HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request
Cache-Control: private
Content-Length: 201
Content-Type: application/json;odata=verbose;charset=utf-8
Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
DataServiceVersion: 1.0;
X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
Date: Wed, 16 Oct 2013 23:31:09 GMT

{"error":{"code":"1","message":{"lang":"en-AU","value":"<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-16\"?><ExceptionInfo><Message>An error occurred while processing this request.</Message></ExceptionInfo>"}}}

使用WebServiceVerion:2.0

POST http://scdb38:8888/bi.test/applicationdata.svc/Sharks HTTP/1.1
Accept: application/json;odata=verbose;
Content-Type: application/json;
Content-Length: 98
Host: scdb38:8888
DataServiceVersion: 2.0;

{
   "d":[
      {
         "Name":"Great White ",
         "Food":"Surfers"
      }
   ]
}

HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request
Cache-Control: private
Content-Length: 201
Content-Type: application/json;odata=verbose;charset=utf-8
Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
DataServiceVersion: 1.0;
X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
Date: Wed, 16 Oct 2013 23:38:23 GMT

{"error":{"code":"1","message":{"lang":"en-AU","value":"<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-16\"?><ExceptionInfo><Message>An error occurred while processing this request.</Message></ExceptionInfo>"}}}

我正在解决这个问题,这只是json请求体的结构错误吗？我尝试了一些没有成功的vriations,但是使用XML发布是有效的.

----- 解决方案 ------

感谢Jen的帮助,使用json格式发布到OData服务正在为我工​​作.

POST http://scdb38:8888/bi.test/applicationdata.svc/Sharks HTTP/1.1
Accept: application/json;odata=verbose;
Content-Type: application/json;
Content-Length: 62
Host: scdb38:8888
DataServiceVersion: 1.0;


 {
    "Name":"Great White ",
    "Food":"Surfers"
 }


HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Cache-Control: no-cache
Content-Length: 298
Content-Type: application/json;odata=verbose;charset=utf-8
ETag: W/"X'00000000000007E7'"
Location: http://scdb38:8888/BI.Test/ApplicationData.svc/Sharks(4)
Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
DataServiceVersion: 1.0;
X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
Date: Thu, 17 Oct 2013 23:22:12 GMT

{"d":{"__metadata":{"id":"http://scdb38:8888/BI.Test/ApplicationData.svc/Sharks(4)","uri":"http://scdb38:8888/BI.Test/ApplicationData.svc/Sharks(4)","etag":"W/\"X'00000000000007E7'\"","type":"LightSwitchApplication.Shark"},"Id":4,"RowVersion":"AAAAAAAAB+c=","Name":"Great White ","Food":"Surfers"}}

Answer 1

看起来这个问题Content-Type与Accept标题之间的区别有关.在HTTP中,Content-Type在请求和响应有效载荷中用于传达当前有效载荷的媒体类型.Accept在请求有效负载中用于说明服务器可以在响应有效负载中使用哪些媒体类型.

因此,Content-Type在没有正文的请求中(如您的GET请求)没有任何意义.当您执行POST请求时,您正在发送消息正文,因此这很Content-Type重要.

如果服务器无法处理Content-Type请求,则会返回415 HTTP错误.(如果服务器无法满足请求Accept标头中的任何媒体类型,则会返回406错误.)

在OData v3中,媒体类型"application/json"被解释为表示新的JSON格式("JSON light").如果服务器不支持读取JSON指示灯,则当它看到传入请求是JSON指示灯时会抛出415错误.在您的有效负载中,您的请求正文是详细的JSON,而不是JSON指示灯,因此服务器应该能够处理您的请求.它只是没有,因为它看到了JSON轻量级内容.

您可以通过以下两种方式之一解决此问题:

1. 在POST请求中创建Content-Type"application/json; odata = verbose",或

2. 在请求中包含DataServiceVersion标头并将其设置为小于v3.例如:

   DataServiceVersion: 2.0;
   

(选项2假定您未在请求有效负载中使用任何v3功能.)