那些遇到过的问题

使用Directx 10时,我得到了很多宏重新定义

use*_*454 4 directx initialization

我是使用Visual Studio 2012和Directx 10的Windows 7.

问题是当我编译时,我得到了很多宏重定义错误

这是我的代码:

#include <windows.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <d3d.h>
#include <d3d10.h>


HINSTANCE hInstance;        // Hold application instance
HWND wndHandle;     // Hold window instance
ID3D10Device *mDevice = NULL;
IDXGISwapChain *mSwapChain = NULL;
ID3D10RenderTargetView *mRenderTargetView = NULL;

int width = 1024;
int height = 1024;
bool InitWindow( HINSTANCE hInstance, int width, int height );
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM );
bool initD3D();
void Render();

int APIENTRY _tWinMain( HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPTSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow )
{
// Initialize the window
if ( !InitWindow( hInstance, width, height ) )
{
return false;
}
// main message loop:
MSG msg = {0};
while (WM_QUIT != msg.message)
{
while (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE) == TRUE)
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
// Additional game logic can be called from here
}
return (int) msg.wParam;
}



bool InitWindow(HINSTANCE hInstance, int width, int height)
{
WNDCLASSEX wcex;
// Fill in the WNDCLASSEX structure. This describes how the window
// will look to the system
wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); // the size of the structure
wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; // the class style
wcex.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WndProc; // the window procedure callback
wcex.cbClsExtra = 0; // extra bytes to allocate for this class
wcex.cbWndExtra = 0; // extra bytes to allocate for this instance
wcex.hInstance = hInstance; // handle to the application instance
wcex.hIcon = 0; // icon to associate with the application
wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); // the default cursor to use
wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1); // the background color
wcex.lpszMenuName = NULL; // the resource name for the menu
wcex.lpszClassName = TEXT("DirectXExample"); // the class name being created
wcex.hIconSm = 0; // the handle to the small icon
RegisterClassEx(&wcex);

// Resize the window
RECT rect = { 0, 0, width, height };
AdjustWindowRect(&rect, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, FALSE);
// create the window from the class above
wndHandle = CreateWindow(TEXT("DirectXExample"),
TEXT("DirectXExample"),
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
rect.right - rect.left,
rect.bottom - rect.top,
NULL,
NULL,
hInstance,
NULL);
if (!wndHandle)
{
return false;
}

// Display the window on the screen
ShowWindow(wndHandle, SW_SHOW);
UpdateWindow(wndHandle);
return true;
}


LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
// Check any available messages from the queue
switch (message)
{
// Allow the user to press the Escape key to end the application
case WM_KEYDOWN:
switch(wParam)
{
// Check if the user hit the Escape key
case VK_ESCAPE:
PostQuitMessage(0);
    break;
}
break;
// The user hit the close button, close the application
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
}
// Always return the message to the default window procedure for further processing
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}

bool initD3D()
{
DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC sd;
sd.BufferDesc.Width = width; // use window's client area dims
sd.BufferDesc.Height = height;
sd.BufferDesc.RefreshRate.Numerator = 60;
sd.BufferDesc.RefreshRate.Denominator = 1;
sd.BufferDesc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
sd.BufferDesc.ScanlineOrdering = DXGI_MODE_SCANLINE_ORDER_UNSPECIFIED;
sd.BufferDesc.Scaling = DXGI_MODE_SCALING_UNSPECIFIED;
// No multisampling.
sd.SampleDesc.Count = 1;
sd.SampleDesc.Quality = 0;
sd.BufferUsage = DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT;
sd.BufferCount = 1;
sd.OutputWindow = wndHandle;
sd.Windowed = true;
sd.SwapEffect = DXGI_SWAP_EFFECT_DISCARD;
sd.Flags = 0;


if ( FAILED (D3D10CreateDeviceAndSwapChain ( NULL, D3D10_DRIVER_TYPE_REFERENCE, NULL,         
0, D3D10_SDK_VERSION, &sd, mSwapChain, &mDevice ) ) )
{
MessageBox ( wndHandle, L"Failed to create device and swapchain", L"error", MB_OK );
    return FALSE;
}

// get the back buffer from the swap chain
ID3D10Texture2D *Backbuffer = NULL;
HRESULT hr = mSwapChain->GetBuffer (0, __uuidof(ID3D10Texture2D), (LPVOID*)&Backbuffer);

if ( hr != S_OK)
{
    return false;
}

// Create the render target view
hr = mDevice->CreateRenderTargetView ( Backbuffer, NULL, &mRenderTargetView);

// Release Back Buffer
Backbuffer -> Release();

// Make sure the render target view was created successfully
if ( hr!= S_OK)
{
    return false;
}

// Set render target
mDevice -> OMSetRenderTargets ( 1, &mRenderTargetView, NULL);

// Create Viewport
D3D10_VIEWPORT viewport;
viewport.Width = width;
viewport.Height = height;
viewport.MinDepth = 0.0f;
viewport.MaxDepth = 1.0f;
viewport.TopLeftX = 0;
viewport.TopLeftY = 0;

// Set the Viewport
mDevice->RSSetViewports (1, &viewport);

return true;
}

void Render()
{
    if ( mDevice != NULL )
    {
        // Clear the back buffer
        mDevice->ClearRenderTargetView(mRenderTargetView, color);

        // Present
        mSwapChain->Present(0,0);
    }
}
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

当我编译时,我得到了很多宏重定义错误:

1> Source.cpp 1> c:\ program files\microsoft directx sdk(2010年6月)\ include\dxgitype.h(12):警告C4005:'DXGI_STATUS_OCCLUDED':1> c:\ program files\windows kits\8.0\include\shared\winerror.h(49449):'DXGI_STATUS_OCCLUDED'1> c:\ program files\microsoft directx sdk(2010年6月)\ include\dxgitype.h(13):警告C4005:'DXGI_STATUS_CLIPPED':1> c:\program files\windows kits\8.0\include\shared\winerror.h(49458):'DXGI_STATUS_CLIPPED'1> c:\ program files\microsoft directx sdk(2010年6月)\ include\dxgitype.h(14):警告C4005 :'DXGI_STATUS_NO_REDIRECTION':1> c:\ program files\windows kits\8.0\include\shared\winerror.h(49467):'DXGI_STATUS_NO_REDIRECTION'1> c:\ program files\microsoft directx sdk(2010年6月)\ include\dxgitype.h(15):警告C4005:'DXGI_STATUS_NO_DESKTOP_ACCESS':1> c:\ program files\windows kits\8.0\include\shared\winerror.h(49476):'DXGI_STATUS_NO_DESKTOP_ACCESS'1> c:\ program files\microsoft directx sdk(2010年6月)\包括\ dxgitype.h(16):警告C4005: 'DXGI_STATUS_GRAPHICS_VIDPN_SOURCE_IN_USE':1> C:\程序文件\窗户包\ 8.0 \包括\共享\ Winerror.h中(49485): 'DXGI_STATUS_GRAPHICS_VIDPN_SOURCE_IN_USE' 1> C:\程序文件\ microsoft directx sdk(2010年6月)\ include\dxgitype.h(17):警告C4005:'DXGI_STATUS_MODE_CHANGED':1> c:\ program files\windows kits\8.0\include\shared\winerror.h(49494):' DXGI_STATUS_MODE_CHANGED'1> c:\ program files\microsoft directx sdk(2010年6月)\ include\dxgitype.h(18):警告C4005:'DXGI_STATUS_MODE_CHANGE_IN_PROGRESS":1> C:\程序文件\窗户包\ 8.0 \包括\共享\ Winerror.h中(49503): 'DXGI_STATUS_MODE_CHANGE_IN_PROGRESS' 1> C:\程序Files\Microsoft DirectX SDK中(2010年6月)\包括\ dxgitype. h(21):警告C4005:'DXGI_ERROR_INVALID_CALL':1> c:\ program files\windows kits\8.0\include\shared\winerror.h(49518):'DXGI_ERROR_INVALID_CALL'1> c:\ program files\microsoft directx sdk (2010年6月)\ include\dxgitype.h(22):警告C4005:'DXGI_ERROR_NOT_FOUND':1> c:\ program files\microsoft directx sdk(2010年6月)\ include\dxgitype.h(26):警告C4005:' DXGI_ERROR_DEVICE_HUNG':1> c:\ program files\windows kits\8.0\include\shared\winerror.h(49563):'DXGI_ERROR_DEVICE_HUNG'1> c:\ program files\microsoft directx sdk(2010年6月)\ include\dxgitype.h(27):警告C4005:'DXGI_ERROR_DEVICE_RESET':1> c:\ program files\windows kits\8.0\include\shared\winerror.h(49573 ):请'DXGI_ERROR_DEVICE_RESET'1> c:\ program files\microsoft directx sdk(2010年6月)\ include\dxgitype.h(28):警告C4005:'DXGI_ERROR_WAS_STILL_DRAWING':1> c:\ program files\windows kits\8.0 \包括\共享\ Winerror.h中(49582):请 'DXGI_ERROR_WAS_STILL_DRAWING' 1> C:\程序Files\Microsoft DirectX SDK中(2010年6月)\包括\ dxgitype.h(29):警告C4005: 'DXGI_ERROR_FRAME_STATISTICS_DISJOINT':1> c:\ program files\windows kits\8.0\include\shared\winerror.h(49592):请'DXGI_ERROR_FRAME_STATISTICS_DISJOINT'1> c:\ program files\microsoft directx sdk(2010年6月)\ include\dxgitype.h(30):警告C4005:'DXGI_ERROR_GRAPHICS_VIDPN_SOURCE_IN_USE':1> c:\ program files\windows kits\8.0\include\shared\winerror.h(49601 ):'DXGI_ERROR_GRAPHICS_VIDPN_SOURCE_IN_USE'1> c:\ program files\microsoft directx sdk(2010年6月)\ include\dxgitype.h(33):警告C4005:'DXGI_ERROR_NOT_CURRENTLY_AVAILABLE':1> c:\ program files\windows kits\8.0 \包括\共享\ Winerror.h中(49629): 'DXGI_ERROR_NOT_CURRENTLY_AVAILABLE' 1> C:\程序Files\Microsoft DirectX SDK中(2010年6月)\包括\ dxgitype.h(34):警告C4005: 'DXGI_ERROR_REMOTE_CLIENT_DISCONNECTED':1> C:\program files\windows kits\8.0\include\shared\winerror.h(49639):'DXGI_ERROR_REMOTE_CLIENT_DISCONNECTED'1> c:\ program files\microsoft directx sdk(2010年6月)\ include\dxgitype.h(35):警告C4005:'DXGI_ERROR_REMOTE_OUTOFMEMORY':1> c:\ program files\windows kits\8.0\include\shared\winerror.h(49648 ): 'DXGI_ERROR_REMOTE_OUTOFMEMORY' 1> C:\程序Files\Microsoft DirectX SDK中(2010年6月)\包括\ d3d10.h(608):警告C4005: 'D3D10_ERROR_TOO_MANY_UNIQUE_STATE_OBJECTS':1> C:\程序文件\窗户包\ 8.0 \包括\共享\ Winerror.h中(49793): 'D3D10_ERROR_TOO_MANY_UNIQUE_STATE_OBJECTS' 1> C:\程序Files\Microsoft DirectX SDK中(2010年6月)\包括\ d3d10.h(609):警告C4005: 'D3D10_ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND':1> C:\program files\windows kits\8.0\include\shared\winerror.h(49802):1> c:\ users\peter\documents\visual studio 2012\projects\win32project2\win32project2\source.cpp(16):错误C4430:1> c:\ users\peter\documents\visual studio 2012\projects\win32project2\win32project2\source. cpp(16):错误C2146:1> c:\ users\peter\documents\visual studio 2012\projects\win32project2\win32project2\source.cpp(16):警告C4244:1> c:\ users\peter\documents\visual studio 2012\projects\win32project2\win32project2\source.cpp(190):错误C2664:'ID3D10Device :: ClearRenderTargetView':\ users\peter\documents\visual studio 2012\projects\win32project2\win32project2\source.cpp(190):错误C2664:'ID3D10Device :: ClearRenderTargetView':\ users\peter\documents\visual studio 2012\projects\win32project2\win32project2\source.cpp(190):错误C2664:'ID3D10Device :: ClearRenderTargetView':

Iva*_*rop 10

这些不是真正的错误,而是警告.不过,他们让你感觉不好=)

微软弃用风格

DirectX SDK已合并到Windows SDK(从Windows 8 SDK开始).某些功能已被弃用和删除.

您正在混合2个SDK:

  • 旧的DirectX SDK c:\program files\microsoft directx sdk (june 2010)\include\
  • 新的Windows SDK c:\program files\windows kits\8.0\include\shared\

建议不要在新项目中使用DirectX SDK标头或库.因此,在项目设置中 - > "VC++ Directories"- > "Include Directories"删除对DirectX SDK的引用.

如果您仍需要一些旧功能(例如编译旧的教程示例或旧项目),请包含DirectX SDK标头,但更改项目设置 - > "General"- > "Platform Toolset"to "Visual Studio 2012 - Windows XP (v110_xp)".

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