那些遇到过的问题

如何使用Moq和Autofixture模拟实体框架6

cho*_*bo2 6 c# nunit entity-framework moq autofixture

我正在使用AutoMoq,但由于实体框架(使用EF6和代码优先),我有点困惑如何编写我的第一个单元测试dbContext

// in service class(constructor)
private readonly MyContext context;

public PriceService(MyContext context)
{
    this.context = context;
}

// following would be in nunit test method.
var fixture = new Fixture().Customize(new AutoMoqCustomization());
var priceService = fixture.Create<PriceService>();
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当我运行单元测试时,它会崩溃 

    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.TerminatingSpecimenBuilder.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.c__DisplayClass6.b__1(ISpecimenBuilder b)
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.d__a5`1.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.FirstOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.c__DisplayClass6.b__1(ISpecimenBuilder b)
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.d__a5`1.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.FirstOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.c__DisplayClass6.b__1(ISpecimenBuilder b)
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.d__a5`1.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.FirstOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.Postprocessor`1.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.c__DisplayClass6.b__1(ISpecimenBuilder b)
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.d__a5`1.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.FirstOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.c__DisplayClass6.b__1(ISpecimenBuilder b)
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.d__a5`1.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.FirstOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.c__DisplayClass6.b__1(ISpecimenBuilder b)
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.d__a5`1.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.FirstOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.Postprocessor`1.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.c__DisplayClass6.b__1(ISpecimenBuilder b)
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.d__a5`1.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.FirstOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.AutoPropertiesCommand`1.Execute(Object specimen, ISpecimenContext context)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.Postprocessor`1.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.c__DisplayClass6.b__1(ISpecimenBuilder b)
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.d__a5`1.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.FirstOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.c__DisplayClass6.b__1(ISpecimenBuilder b)
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.d__a5`1.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.FirstOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.c__DisplayClass6.b__1(ISpecimenBuilder b)
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.d__a5`1.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.FirstOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.Postprocessor`1.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.c__DisplayClass6.b__1(ISpecimenBuilder b)
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.d__a5`1.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.FirstOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.c__DisplayClass6.b__1(ISpecimenBuilder b)
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.d__a5`1.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.FirstOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.c__DisplayClass6.b__1(ISpecimenBuilder b)
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.d__a5`1.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.FirstOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.Postprocessor`1.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.c__DisplayClass6.b__1(ISpecimenBuilder b)
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.d__a5`1.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.FirstOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Collections.Generic.List`1..ctor(IEnumerable`1 collection)
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.ToList[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.MethodInvoker.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.c__DisplayClass6.b__1(ISpecimenBuilder b)
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.d__a5`1.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.FirstOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.c__DisplayClass6.b__1(ISpecimenBuilder b)
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.d__a5`1.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.FirstOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.Postprocessor`1.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.c__DisplayClass6.b__1(ISpecimenBuilder b)
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.d__a5`1.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.FirstOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.c__DisplayClass6.b__1(ISpecimenBuilder b)
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.d__a5`1.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.FirstOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.c__DisplayClass6.b__1(ISpecimenBuilder b)
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.d__a5`1.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.FirstOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.Postprocessor`1.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.CompositeSpecimenBuilder.c__DisplayClass6.b__1(ISpecimenBuilder b)
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.d__a5`1.MoveNext()
    at System.Linq.Enumerable.FirstOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.Kernel.RecursionGuard.Create(Object request, ISpecimenContext context)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.SpecimenFactory.Create[T](ISpecimenContext context, T seed)
    at Ploeh.AutoFixture.SpecimenFactory.Create[T](ISpecimenContext context)
    at PriceServiceTests.Test_Price_Object_Setup() in PriceServiceTests.cs:line 26

编辑

在EF 6中,他们似乎正在使DbSet更具可模仿性.

https://entityframework.codeplex.com/wikipage?title=Design%20Meeting%20Notes%20-%20May%2016%2c%202013

使DbSet更具可模仿性

  • 这意味着添加受保护的构造函数并使方法成为虚拟
  • 请注意,从DbSet派生的使用受保护构造函数的类型将创建一个不绑定到任何上下文的对象,并且这些方法将是no-ops.从创建测试双精度的角度来看,这非常像IDbSet.
  • 如果我们采用这个选项,我们可能会淘汰IDbSet
  • 值得注意的是,没有发现任何情况,这与使用IDbSet进行测试双打在功能上有所不同.但是,社区强烈认为接口是首选.

有谁知道如何嘲笑它？

编辑2

我找到了这篇文章,但它一直在崩溃

public class MyContext : DbContext
{
    //public GroceryListContext()
    //    : base()
    //{

    //}
    public virtual DbSet<Price> Prices { get; set; }
}

[Test]
public void Test_Price_Object_Setup_Properly()
{
    var mockContext = new Mock<MyContext>();

    var mockSet = new Mock<DbSet<Price>>(); // had to add EF to my test solution.
    mockContext.Setup(m => m.Prices).Returns(mockSet.Object);
    var service = new PriceService(mockContext.Object);

    // dies when using autofixture so thought try first moq like in article
   //var priceService = fixture.Create<PriceService>();

   Assert.That(true, Is.EqualTo(false));
}
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除以下异常:

MyContext.Tests.Services.PriceServiceTests.Test_If_Price_Object_Setup_Properly: System.ArgumentException : Type to mock must be an interface or an abstract or non-sealed class. ----> System.TypeLoadException : Method 'Create' on type 'DbSet1Proxyb409fc6b430b4568aac048b60ea2f02e'来自程序集'DynamicProxyGenAssembly2,Version = 0.0.0.0,Culture = neutral,PublicKeyToken = a621a9e7e5c32e69'试图隐式覆盖具有较弱类型参数约束的方法.

Nik*_*nis 4

您需要提供一个规范，指示DbSet<T>应该模拟该类（尽管它不是抽象类型或接口）。

原因是该类DbSet<T>是公共的，但它有一个受保护的构造函数。

规格：

internal class DbSetTypeSpecification : IRequestSpecification
{
    public bool IsSatisfiedBy(object request)
    {
        var type = request as Type;
        if (type == null)
            return false;

        return type.IsGenericType
            && typeof(DbSet<>) == type.GetGenericTypeDefinition();
    }
}
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例子：

[Fact]
public void Test()
{
    var fixture = new Fixture();
    fixture.ResidueCollectors.Add(
        new MockRelay(
            new DbSetTypeSpecification()));

    Assert.DoesNotThrow(() => 
        fixture.Create<PriceService>());
}
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现在 AutoFixture 可以提供自动生成的PriceService值。

请注意，该类MyContext也是公共的，并且，AFAICT，它也有一个公共构造函数。MyContext这意味着 AutoFixture默认情况下不会为类提供自动模拟实例。

（如果您能提供您的场景，我也许可以提供进一步的帮助。）

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