Python unitest - 在测试中使用模块和类级别设置函数中定义的变量

Question

Python unittest使用nosetests来试验Python Class和Module fixture,在我的测试中进行最小化设置.

我面临的问题是,我不确定如何使用我的测试中setupUpModule的setUpClass函数和函数中定义的任何变量(例如: - test_1).

这是我用来尝试的:

import unittest

def setUpModule():
    a = "Setup Module variable"
    print "Setup Module"

def tearDownModule():
    print "Closing Module"

class TrialTest(unittest.TestCase):
    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls):
        print a #<======
        b = "Setup Class variable"

    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls):
        print "Closing Setup Class"

    def test_1(self):
        print "in test 1"
        print a #<======
        print b #<======

    def test_2(self):
        print "in test 2"

    def test_3(self):
        print "in test 3"

    def test_4(self):
        print "in test 4"

    def test_5(self):
        print "in test 5"

if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()

我得到的错误是:

Setup Module
ERROR
Closing Module

======================================================================
ERROR: test suite for <class 'one_setup.TrialTest'>
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/nose/suite.py", line 208, in run
    self.setUp()
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/nose/suite.py", line 291, in setUp
    self.setupContext(ancestor)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/nose/suite.py", line 314, in setupContext
    try_run(context, names)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/nose/util.py", line 469, in try_run
    return func()
  File "/Users/patila14/Desktop/experimental short scripts/one_setup.py", line 13, in setUpClass
    print a
NameError: global name 'a' is not defined

----------------------------------------------------------------------

当然,如果这样做gloabl a,并global b,它会工作.有没有更好的办法？

Answer 1

对于str变量a,唯一的解决方案是global a.如果您查看Python 2 unittest源代码,setupModule()似乎没有做任何神奇的事情,因此所有常用的命名空间规则都适用.

如果a是一个可变变量,如列表,您可以在全局范围内定义它,然后在setupModule中附加到它.

变量b更容易使用,因为它是在类中定义的.试试这个:

@classmethod
def setUpClass(cls):
    cls.b = "Setup Class variable"

def test_1(self):
    print self.b