将Django连接到Google Cloud SQL

Question

我正在尝试将Django连接到Google云端SQL,在Windows下使用python 2.7和django 1.5.我浏览了此页面上的说明:https://developers.google.com/appengine/docs/python/cloud-sql/django

我的settings.py文件具有以下形式的基本数据库设置:

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'INSTANCE': 'my_project:instance1',
        'NAME': 'my_database',
    }
}

当然可以通过google apis控制台的SQL提示创建适当的SQL实例和数据库

当我manage.py syncdb第一次尝试运行以获取OAuth2令牌时,我得到了这个:

OperationalError:(2003,"无法连接到'localhost'上的MySQL服务器'(10061)")

在你问之前,我确实确保django和google软件包都在我的PYTHONPATH中,以及"C:\ Program Files(x86)\ Google\google_appengine\lib\django-1.5"

任何帮助都会非常受欢迎!

Answer 1

从AppEngine连接时,该数据库配置才有意义.如果要使用django从本地计算机访问CloudSQL数据库,则应使用该google.appengine.ext.django.backends.rdbms引擎.

您可以在此处查看不同的配置选项:https: //developers.google.com/appengine/docs/python/cloud-sql/django#development-settings

编辑:该google.appengine.ext.django.backends.rdbms引擎已被弃用.如果要从本地计算机连接到Google Cloud SQL,则应使用IP连接.您可以使用Cloud SQL实例IP(IPv4或IPv6)并使用标准django.db.backends.mysql引擎进行连接.

Answer 2

在 Django 中连接到 Google Cloud SQL 的示例：

AppEngine Standard, Python 2.7：

try:
    import MySQLdb  # noqa: F401
except ImportError:
    import pymysql
    pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

if os.getenv('SERVER_SOFTWARE', '').startswith('Google App Engine'):
    # Running on production App Engine, so connect to Google Cloud SQL using
    # the unix socket at /cloudsql/<your-cloudsql-connection string>
    DATABASES = {
        'default': {
            'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
            'HOST': '/cloudsql/<your-cloudsql-connection-string>',
            'NAME': '<your-database-name>',
            'USER': '<your-database-user>',
            'PASSWORD': '<your-database-password>',
        }
    }
else:
    # Running locally so connect to either a local MySQL instance or connect to
    # Cloud SQL via the proxy. To start the proxy via command line:
    #
    #     $ cloud_sql_proxy -instances=[INSTANCE_CONNECTION_NAME]=tcp:3306
    #
    # See https://cloud.google.com/sql/docs/mysql-connect-proxy
    DATABASES = {
        'default': {
            'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
            'HOST': '127.0.0.1', # DB's IP address
            'PORT': '3306',
            'NAME': '<your-database-name>',
            'USER': '<your-database-user>',
            'PASSWORD': '<your-database-password>',
        }
    }

来源：GCP Python Django 示例 AppEngine Standard Python 2.7

AppEngine Standard, Python 3.7：

# Install PyMySQL as mysqlclient/MySQLdb to use Django's mysqlclient adapter
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/databases/#mysql-db-api-drivers
# for more information
import pymysql  # noqa: 402
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

if os.getenv('GAE_APPLICATION', None):
    # Running on production App Engine, so connect to Google Cloud SQL using
    # the unix socket at /cloudsql/<your-cloudsql-connection string>
    DATABASES = {
        'default': {
            'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
            'HOST': '/cloudsql/[YOUR-CONNECTION-NAME]',
            'USER': '[YOUR-USERNAME]',
            'PASSWORD': '[YOUR-PASSWORD]',
            'NAME': '[YOUR-DATABASE]',
        }
    }
else:
    # Running locally so connect to either a local MySQL instance or connect to
    # Cloud SQL via the proxy. To start the proxy via command line:
    #
    #     $ cloud_sql_proxy -instances=[INSTANCE_CONNECTION_NAME]=tcp:3306
    #
    # See https://cloud.google.com/sql/docs/mysql-connect-proxy
    DATABASES = {
        'default': {
            'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
            'HOST': '127.0.0.1', # DB's IP address
            'PORT': '3306',
            'NAME': '[YOUR-DATABASE]',
            'USER': '[YOUR-USERNAME]',
            'PASSWORD': '[YOUR-PASSWORD]',
        }
    }

源GCP Python Django 示例 AppEngine Standard Python 3.7

AppEngine Flexible：

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        # If you are using Cloud SQL for MySQL rather than PostgreSQL, set
        # 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql' instead of the following.
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql',
        'NAME': 'polls',
        'USER': '<your-database-user>',
        'PASSWORD': '<your-database-password>',
        # For MySQL, set 'PORT': '3306' instead of the following. Any Cloud
        # SQL Proxy instances running locally must also be set to tcp:3306.
        'PORT': '5432',
    }
}
# In the flexible environment, you connect to CloudSQL using a unix socket.
# Locally, you can use the CloudSQL proxy to proxy a localhost connection
# to the instance
DATABASES['default']['HOST'] = '/cloudsql/<your-cloudsql-connection-string>'
if os.getenv('GAE_INSTANCE'):
    pass
else:
    DATABASES['default']['HOST'] = '127.0.0.1' # DB's IP address

源GCP Python Django 示例 AppEngine 灵活