我需要一种基于作为std :: string传递的类名来实例化对象的方法.这项目前正在发挥作用,但需要进行概括:
void* create(std::string name) {
if(name == "classOne") return new ClassOne();
else if(name == "classTwo") return new ClassTwo();
/* ... */
}
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我没有的东西:
还有别的什么.
最佳用例场景将是:
int main() {
void *obj = create("classTree"); // create object based on the string name
/* ... */
// once we know by context which specific class we are dealing with
ClassTree *ct = (ClassTree*)obj; // cast to appropiate class
std::cout << ct->getSomeText() << std::endl; // use object
}
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作为一个侧面,也许是不相关的注释,考虑到要实例化的对象可能来自类或结构.
添加信息
我看到需要更多的背景.这是我的特定用例,简化:
// registration mechanism
int main() {
std::map< std::string, void(*func)(std::string, void*) > processors; // map of processors by class name
processors["ClassFour"] = (void(*)(std::string, void*)) &classFourMessageProcessor; // register processor (cast needed from specific to generic)
}
// function receiving string messages
void externalMessageHandler(std::string msg) {
std::string objType = extractTypeFromMessageHeader(msg); // extract type from message
// now that we know what we are dealing with, create the specific object
void *obj = create(objType); // << creator needed
processors[objType](msg, obj); // dispatch message to process
}
// previously registered message processor
void classFourMessageProcessor(std::String msg, ClassFour *obj) {
std::string streetAddress = msg.substr(10, 15); // knowing the kind of message we can extract information
obj->moveTheEtherTo(streetAddress); // use the created object
}
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我正在使用C++ 11和最新的GNU编译器.
您可以为每个类类型存储一个工厂函数。一个简单的方法是使用模板
template <typename T>
void* creator() {
return new T();
}
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并将它们存储在地图中(即“ClassFour”链接到creator<ClassFour>和 到ClassFourMessageProcessor)。
编辑:为了澄清,processors成为
typedef void* (*CreatorFunc)();
typedef void (*ProcessorFunc)(std::string, void*);
typedef std::pair<CreatorFunc, ProcessorFunc> Entry;
std::map< std::string, Entry > processors;
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添加一个新类就像
processors["SomeClass"] = Entry(creator<SomeClass>, ClassFourMessageProcessor);
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