django文件上传:[Errno 13]权限被拒绝:'/ static'

Question

我想在django中上传几个文件.在我当地的机器上,我使用djangos内置服务器一切正常,但在我的生产力服务器上我得到这个错误:

[Errno 13] Permission denied: '/static'

关于这个问题有很多问题,但我找不到任何问题.在我的情况下,它与文件权限无关.我发现问题是django希望将文件保存在我的文件系统的根文件夹中,而不是保存在我网站的根文件夹中.如果我在'/ static'中创建文件夹,那么将在那里创建文件,但是网页上没有显示图像,因为django希望它们位于'/ var/www/webpage-root/static/...'

我使用模型来存储文件:

class Document(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True, null=False)
    document = models.FileField(upload_to='static/bachelor/documents/', max_length=500, blank=True, null=True)

并以这种方式保存它们:

if form.is_valid():
    data = request.FILES['document']
    doc = Document(document=data)
    doc.save()

如上所述:https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/http/file-uploads/

我使用Apache和mod_wsgi.apache文件如下所示:

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin user@webpage.de
    ServerName webpage.de
    ServerAlias www.webpage.de
    DocumentRoot /var/www/webpage

    Alias /media /var/www/webpage/webpage/
    Alias /static /var/www/webpage/static/

    <Directory /var/www/webpage>
        Order allow,deny
        Allow from all
    </Directory>

    WSGIScriptAlias / /var/www/webpage/apache/webpage.wsgi
    <Directory /var/www/webpage>
            Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
            AllowOverride None
            Order allow,deny
            allow from all
    </Directory>

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/webpage-error.log

    # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
    # alert, emerg.
    LogLevel warn

    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/webpage-access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

我网站的设置文件:

# Absolute filesystem path to the directory that will hold user-uploaded files.
# Example: "/var/www/example.com/media/"
MEDIA_ROOT = ''

# URL that handles the media served from MEDIA_ROOT. Make sure to use a
# trailing slash.
# Examples: "http://example.com/media/", "http://media.example.com/"
MEDIA_URL = ''

# Absolute path to the directory static files should be collected to.
# Don't put anything in this directory yourself; store your static files
# in apps' "static/" subdirectories and in STATICFILES_DIRS.
# Example: "/var/www/example.com/static/"
STATIC_ROOT = ''

# URL prefix for static files.
# Example: "http://example.com/static/", "http://static.example.com/"
STATIC_URL = '/static/'

# Additional locations of static files
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    '/var/www/website/static/',
    '/home/michael/Development/website/static/',
    # Put strings here, like "/home/html/static" or "C:/www/django/static".
    # Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
    # Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
)

# List of finder classes that know how to find static files in
# various locations.
STATICFILES_FINDERS = (
    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder',
    # 'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.DefaultStorageFinder',
)

我必须在STATICFILES_DIRS中设置两个不同的路径,因为我在服务器上提供静态文件时遇到了问题.通过这两行,我可以在我的开发机器和公共服务器runnig apache上提供两端的静态文件.

我错过了配置中的某些内容还是有问题？我不知道为什么apache想要在/ static而不是/ var/www/website/static上传文件,但我认为这可能是因为我的apache配置存在问题...

有没有人有想法或能帮助我吗？

非常感谢你

Answer 1

您上传媒体的Apache配置:

Alias /media /var/www/webpage/webpage/

与您的Django设置不同步:

# Absolute filesystem path to the directory that will hold user-uploaded files.
# Example: "/var/www/example.com/media/"
MEDIA_ROOT = ''

# URL that handles the media served from MEDIA_ROOT. Make sure to use a
# trailing slash.
# Examples: "http://example.com/media/", "http://media.example.com/"
MEDIA_URL = ''

根据你的Apache配置你应该MEDIA_ROOT = '/var/www/webpage/webpage/'和MEDIA_URL = '/media/'.