如何测试在Scala中创建的Akka actor

Question

我正在尝试编写一个测试,以验证我的演员下面是创建heartBeatExpireWorker和heartBeatAccepter,但我不知道该怎么做.

首先,我想我可以使用Mockhito模拟或间谍代替上下文然后验证我调用了actorOf,但我无法找到一种方法来注入上下文而不破坏Akka测试框架.

然后,我想我可以向工人发送识别信息以验证它们是否存在.但是我发现这不起作用,因为Akka TestKit似乎没有创建被测试演员的儿童演员.它只能接受可以代表相邻参与者的Testprobes.

class HeartBeatPumpWorker(chatService: ChatService, target: HeartBeatMessageCmd) extends Actor with ActorLogging with
WorkersReference {

  val heartBeatInterval = chatService.getHeartBeatInterval

  val tick = context.system.scheduler.schedule(0 millis, heartBeatInterval millis, self, SendHeartBeat(target))

  override def postStop() = tick.cancel()

  def receive = {
    case SendHeartBeat(command: HeartBeatMessageCmd) =>
      log.debug("Sending heartbeat")
      //Send heartbeat to GWT
      val userTarget = NetworkWorker.buildEventUserTarget(command.getEventCode, command.getUser)

      val uuid: String = UUID.randomUUID().toString
      val freshCommand = new HeartBeatMessageCmd(command.getUser, command.getEventCode, uuid, command.getUserSession)
      networkWorker ! NetworkBroadcast(userTarget, freshCommand)

      val heartBeatId: String = freshCommand.getUuid
      //create expirer
      val heartBeatExpireWorkerRef = context.actorOf(HeartBeatExpireWorker.props(chatService, freshCommand),
        HeartBeatExpireWorker.name(heartBeatId))
      val heartBeatAccepterRef = context
        .actorOf(HeartBeatAcceptWorker.props(chatService, freshCommand), HeartBeatAcceptWorker.name(heartBeatId))

      //record heartbeat
        chatService.saveSentHeartbeat(heartBeatId, freshCommand.getUserSession, freshCommand.getEventCode,
          freshCommand.getUser,
        freshCommand.getTimeCmdGenerated)
    case _ =>
      log.error("Pumper received unknown message.  This shouldn't happen " + sender.path.toString)
      self ! PoisonPill
  }

}


object HeartBeatPumpWorker {
  def name(eventCode: String, user: String, sessionId: String) = f"HeartBeatPumpWorker-$eventCode-$user-$sessionId"

  def path(eventCode: String, user: String, sessionId: String) : String = {
    EventWorker.Path + "/" + name(eventCode, user, sessionId)
  }

  def props(chatService: ChatService, heartBeatMsgCmd: HeartBeatMessageCmd) = {
    Props(classOf[HeartBeatPumpWorker], chatService, heartBeatMsgCmd)
  }
}

Answer 1

我目前使用的技术是拦截actor创建并创建TestProbes.在我的演员中,我混合了一个单独的ActorMaker特征:

trait ActorMaker { this: Actor =>
  def makeActor(props: Props) = context.actorOf(props)
}

并使用它MyActor extends Actor with ActorMaker而不是context.actorOf.

对于测试我有一个TestProbeMaker捕获所有创建的actor及其道具:

trait TestProbeMaker { this: Actor =>
  val probes = ListBuffer.empty[(Props, TestProbe)]
  def makeActor(props: Props) = { val probe = TestProbe()
    probes += (props -> probe)
    probe.ref
  }
}

我在测试期间将它混合在一起

val actorUnderTest = TestActorRef(Props(new MyActor with TestProbeMaker))

这样我就可以确切地断言创建了什么演员.我也可以使用probe.expectMsg断言消息被发送给那些创建的actor.

要访问探针使用 actorUnderTest.underlyingActor.asInstanceOf[TestProbeMaker]

Answer 2

在父级的构造函数中注入Props子级（例如） 。通过任何你想要的测试。让父级通过提供的实例化子级。与孩子们互动。最后一部分取决于您的数据流。例如，如果父级阻止您与子级接触，但将消息委托给他们，则将消息发送给父级。如果孩子们互相交谈，请使用测试探针或类似的东西。HeartBeatAcceptWorker.propsHeartBeatPumpWorkerPropsProps