如何创建目录的zip存档

Question

如何在Python中创建目录结构的zip存档？

Answer 1

最简单的方法是使用shutil.make_archive.它支持zip和tar格式.

import shutil
shutil.make_archive(output_filename, 'zip', dir_name)

如果你需要做一些比压缩整个目录更复杂的事情(比如跳过某些文件),那么你需要像其他人建议的那样深入研究zipfile模块.

Answer 2

正如其他人指出的那样,你应该使用zipfile.文档告诉您哪些功能可用,但没有真正解释如何使用它们来压缩整个目录.我认为最简单的解释一些示例代码:

#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import zipfile

def zipdir(path, ziph):
    # ziph is zipfile handle
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
        for file in files:
            ziph.write(os.path.join(root, file))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    zipf = zipfile.ZipFile('Python.zip', 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
    zipdir('tmp/', zipf)
    zipf.close()

改编自:http://www.devshed.com/c/a/Python/Python-UnZipped/

Answer 3

要将内容添加mydirectory到新的zip文件,包括所有文件和子目录:

import os
import zipfile

zf = zipfile.ZipFile("myzipfile.zip", "w")
for dirname, subdirs, files in os.walk("mydirectory"):
    zf.write(dirname)
    for filename in files:
        zf.write(os.path.join(dirname, filename))
zf.close()

Answer 4

如何在Python中创建目录结构的zip存档？

在Python脚本中

在Python 2.7+中,shutil有一个make_archive功能.

from shutil import make_archive
make_archive(
  'zipfile_name', 
  'zip',           # the archive format - or tar, bztar, gztar 
  root_dir=None,   # root for archive - current working dir if None
  base_dir=None)   # start archiving from here - cwd if None too

这里将命名压缩存档zipfile_name.zip.如果base_dir距离较远root_dir,它将排除不在base_dir的文件,但仍然将父目录中的文件存档到root_dir.

我确实在Cygwin上用2.7测试了这个问题 - 它想要一个root_dir参数,对于cwd:

make_archive('zipfile_name', 'zip', root_dir='.')

从shell使用Python

您也可以使用以下zipfile模块从shell执行此操作:

$ python -m zipfile -c zipname sourcedir

zipname您想要的目标文件的名称在哪里(.zip如果需要,可以添加,不会自动添加),sourcedir是目录的路径.

压缩Python(或者只是不想要父目录):

如果你想拉上一个Python包用__init__.py和__main__.py,和你不想要的父目录,它是

$ python -m zipfile -c zipname sourcedir/*

和

$ python zipname

会运行包.(请注意,您无法将子包作为压缩存档的入口点运行.)

压缩Python应用程序:

如果您有python3.5 +,并且特别想要压缩Python包,请使用zipapp:

$ python -m zipapp myapp
$ python myapp.pyz

Answer 5

此函数将递归压缩目录树,压缩文件,并在归档中记录正确的相对文件名.存档条目与生成的条目相同zip -r output.zip source_dir.

import os
import zipfile
def make_zipfile(output_filename, source_dir):
    relroot = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(source_dir, os.pardir))
    with zipfile.ZipFile(output_filename, "w", zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zip:
        for root, dirs, files in os.walk(source_dir):
            # add directory (needed for empty dirs)
            zip.write(root, os.path.relpath(root, relroot))
            for file in files:
                filename = os.path.join(root, file)
                if os.path.isfile(filename): # regular files only
                    arcname = os.path.join(os.path.relpath(root, relroot), file)
                    zip.write(filename, arcname)

Answer 6

使用 python 3.9pathlib和zipfile模块，您可以从系统中的任何位置创建 zip 文件。

def zip_dir(dir: Union[Path, str], filename: Union[Path, str]):
    """Zip the provided directory without navigating to that directory using `pathlib` module"""

    # Convert to Path object
    dir = Path(dir)

    with zipfile.ZipFile(filename, "w", zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zip_file:
        for entry in dir.rglob("*"):
            zip_file.write(entry, entry.relative_to(dir))

它很整洁，有打字功能，并且代码较少。

Answer 7

现代 Python (3.6+) 使用该pathlib模块进行类似 OOP 的简洁路径处理以及pathlib.Path.rglob()递归通配。据我所知，这相当于 George V. Reilly 的答案：压缩 zip，最上面的元素是一个目录，保留空目录，使用相对路径。

from pathlib import Path
from zipfile import ZIP_DEFLATED, ZipFile

from os import PathLike
from typing import Union


def zip_dir(zip_name: str, source_dir: Union[str, PathLike]):
    src_path = Path(source_dir).expanduser().resolve(strict=True)
    with ZipFile(zip_name, 'w', ZIP_DEFLATED) as zf:
        for file in src_path.rglob('*'):
            zf.write(file, file.relative_to(src_path.parent))

注意：正如可选类型提示所示，zip_name不能是 Path 对象（将在 3.6.2+ 中修复）。

Answer 8

使用shutil,它是python标准库集的一部分.使用shutil非常简单(参见下面的代码):

• 1st arg:结果zip/tar文件的文件名,
• 第2个arg:zip/tar,
• 第3个arg:dir_name

码:

import shutil
shutil.make_archive('/home/user/Desktop/Filename','zip','/home/username/Desktop/Directory')

Answer 9

要将压缩添加到生成的zip文件,请查看此链接.

你需要改变:

zip = zipfile.ZipFile('Python.zip', 'w')

至

zip = zipfile.ZipFile('Python.zip', 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)

Answer 10

要保留要归档的父目录下的文件夹层次结构：

from pathlib import Path
import zipfile

fp_zip = Path("output.zip")
path_to_archive = Path("./path-to-archive")

with zipfile.ZipFile(fp_zip, "w", zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zipf:
    for fp in path_to_archive.glob("**/*"):
        zipf.write(fp, arcname=fp.relative_to(path_to_archive))

Answer 11

我对Mark Byers给出的代码做了一些修改.如果你有它们,下面的函数也会添加空目录.示例应该更清楚地说明添加到zip的路径是什么.

#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import zipfile

def addDirToZip(zipHandle, path, basePath=""):
    """
    Adding directory given by \a path to opened zip file \a zipHandle

    @param basePath path that will be removed from \a path when adding to archive

    Examples:
        # add whole "dir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "dir")
        zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
        addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir')
        zipHandle.close()

        # add contents of "dir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only it's contents)
        zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
        addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir', 'dir')
        zipHandle.close()

        # add contents of "dir/subdir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only contents of "subdir")
        zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
        addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir/subdir', 'dir/subdir')
        zipHandle.close()

        # add whole "dir/subdir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "subdir")
        zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
        addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir/subdir', 'dir')
        zipHandle.close()

        # add whole "dir/subdir" with full path to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "dir" and inside it only "subdir")
        zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
        addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir/subdir')
        zipHandle.close()

        # add whole "dir" and "otherDir" (with full path) to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "dir" and "otherDir")
        zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
        addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir')
        addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'otherDir')
        zipHandle.close()
    """
    basePath = basePath.rstrip("\\/") + ""
    basePath = basePath.rstrip("\\/")
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
        # add dir itself (needed for empty dirs
        zipHandle.write(os.path.join(root, "."))
        # add files
        for file in files:
            filePath = os.path.join(root, file)
            inZipPath = filePath.replace(basePath, "", 1).lstrip("\\/")
            #print filePath + " , " + inZipPath
            zipHandle.write(filePath, inZipPath)

以上是一个简单的功能,适用于简单的情况.您可以在我的Gist中找到更优雅的课程:https: //gist.github.com/Eccenux/17526123107ca0ac28e6