如何计算美国的假期

Question

我需要知道如何计算美国假期.我需要一个适用于任何年份的解决方案.我不想简单地将日期存储在需要维护的数据库中.

对于周末的假期,它需要遵循美国政府的政策来适应工作日.如果它在星期六下降,则调整为星期五.如果它在星期日,它需要调整到星期一.我知道美国的很多(大多数？)银行也是这样做的.

如何计算美国假期列表？

Public Function getHolidayList(ByVal vYear As Integer) As List(Of Date)

    Dim HolidayList As New List(Of Date)

    '...fill the list with holidays 
    ' New Year's Day            Jan 1
    ' Martin Luther King, Jr. third Mon in Jan
    ' Washington's Birthday third Mon in Feb
    ' Memorial Day          last Mon in May
    ' Independence Day      July 4
    ' Labor Day             first Mon in Sept
    ' Columbus Day          second Mon in Oct
    ' Veterans Day          Nov 11
    ' Thanksgiving Day      fourth Thur in Nov
    ' Christmas Day         Dec 25

    'adjust for weekends

End Function

www.archives.gov

www.usa.gov

www.opm.gov

Answer 1

这是一种方法.这种方法的一个弱点是,由于规则是硬编码的,我需要在国会改变规则的罕见事件中更改代码.对于我的内部软件来说,这不是问题,但可能适用于其他人.

此外,我不计算复活节,因为那不是美国联邦假日.参见Nature(1876)计算复活节日期的算法

Public Function getHolidayList(ByVal vYear As Integer) As List(Of Date)

    Dim FirstWeek As Integer = 1
    Dim SecondWeek As Integer = 2
    Dim ThirdWeek As Integer = 3
    Dim FourthWeek As Integer = 4
    Dim LastWeek As Integer = 5

    Dim HolidayList As New List(Of Date)

    '   http://www.usa.gov/citizens/holidays.shtml      
    '   http://archive.opm.gov/operating_status_schedules/fedhol/2013.asp

    ' New Year's Day            Jan 1
    HolidayList.Add(DateSerial(vYear, 1, 1))

    ' Martin Luther King, Jr. third Mon in Jan
    HolidayList.Add(GetNthDayOfNthWeek(DateSerial(vYear, 1, 1), DayOfWeek.Monday, ThirdWeek))

    ' Washington's Birthday third Mon in Feb
    HolidayList.Add(GetNthDayOfNthWeek(DateSerial(vYear, 2, 1), DayOfWeek.Monday, ThirdWeek))

    ' Memorial Day          last Mon in May
    HolidayList.Add(GetNthDayOfNthWeek(DateSerial(vYear, 5, 1), DayOfWeek.Monday, LastWeek))

    ' Independence Day      July 4
    HolidayList.Add(DateSerial(vYear, 7, 4))

    ' Labor Day             first Mon in Sept
    HolidayList.Add(GetNthDayOfNthWeek(DateSerial(vYear, 9, 1), DayOfWeek.Monday, FirstWeek))

    ' Columbus Day          second Mon in Oct
    HolidayList.Add(GetNthDayOfNthWeek(DateSerial(vYear, 10, 1), DayOfWeek.Monday, SecondWeek))

    ' Veterans Day          Nov 11
    HolidayList.Add(DateSerial(vYear, 11, 11))

    ' Thanksgiving Day      fourth Thur in Nov
    HolidayList.Add(GetNthDayOfNthWeek(DateSerial(vYear, 11, 1), DayOfWeek.Thursday, FourthWeek))

    ' Christmas Day         Dec 25
    HolidayList.Add(DateSerial(vYear, 12, 25))

    'saturday holidays are moved to Fri; Sun to Mon
    For i As Integer = 0 To HolidayList.Count - 1
        Dim dt As Date = HolidayList(i)
        If dt.DayOfWeek = DayOfWeek.Saturday Then
            HolidayList(i) = dt.AddDays(-1)
        End If
        If dt.DayOfWeek = DayOfWeek.Sunday Then
            HolidayList(i) = dt.AddDays(1)
        End If
    Next

    'return
    Return HolidayList

End Function

Private Function GetNthDayOfNthWeek(ByVal dt As Date, ByVal DayofWeek As Integer, ByVal WhichWeek As Integer) As Date
    'specify which day of which week of a month and this function will get the date
    'this function uses the month and year of the date provided

    'get first day of the given date
    Dim dtFirst As Date = DateSerial(dt.Year, dt.Month, 1)

    'get first DayOfWeek of the month
    Dim dtRet As Date = dtFirst.AddDays(6 - dtFirst.AddDays(-(DayofWeek + 1)).DayOfWeek)

    'get which week
    dtRet = dtRet.AddDays((WhichWeek - 1) * 7)

    'if day is past end of month then adjust backwards a week
    If dtRet >= dtFirst.AddMonths(1) Then
        dtRet = dtRet.AddDays(-7)
    End If

    'return
    Return dtRet

End Function

Answer 2

转换为C#作为控制台程序...我需要快速在文本文件中的日期:

class Program
{
    public class Holiday
    {
        public string HolidayName { get; set; }
        public DateTime Date { get; set; }

        public Holiday(string holidayName, DateTime date)
        {
            HolidayName = holidayName;
            Date = date;
        }
    }

    public static List<Holiday> getHolidayList(int vYear)
    {
        int FirstWeek = 1;
        int SecondWeek = 2;
        int ThirdWeek = 3;
        int FourthWeek = 4;
        int LastWeek = 5;

        List<Holiday> HolidayList = new List<Holiday>();

        //   http://www.usa.gov/citizens/holidays.shtml      
        //   http://archive.opm.gov/operating_status_schedules/fedhol/2013.asp

        // New Year's Day            Jan 1
        HolidayList.Add(new Holiday("NewYears", new DateTime(vYear, 1, 1)));

        // Martin Luther King, Jr. third Mon in Jan
        HolidayList.Add(new Holiday("MLK", GetNthDayOfNthWeek(new DateTime(vYear, 1, 1), DayOfWeek.Monday, ThirdWeek)));

        // Washington's Birthday third Mon in Feb
        HolidayList.Add(new Holiday("WashingtonsBDay", GetNthDayOfNthWeek(new DateTime(vYear, 2, 1), DayOfWeek.Monday, ThirdWeek)));

        // Memorial Day          last Mon in May
        HolidayList.Add(new Holiday("MemorialDay", GetNthDayOfNthWeek(new DateTime(vYear, 5, 1), DayOfWeek.Monday, LastWeek)));

        // Independence Day      July 4
        HolidayList.Add(new Holiday("IndependenceDay", new DateTime(vYear, 7, 4)));

        // Labor Day             first Mon in Sept
        HolidayList.Add(new Holiday("LaborDay", GetNthDayOfNthWeek(new DateTime(vYear, 9, 1), DayOfWeek.Monday, FirstWeek)));

        // Columbus Day          second Mon in Oct
        HolidayList.Add(new Holiday("Columbus", GetNthDayOfNthWeek(new DateTime(vYear, 10, 1), DayOfWeek.Monday, SecondWeek)));

        // Veterans Day          Nov 11
        HolidayList.Add(new Holiday("Veterans", new DateTime(vYear, 11, 11)));

        // Thanksgiving Day      fourth Thur in Nov
        HolidayList.Add(new Holiday("Thanksgiving", GetNthDayOfNthWeek(new DateTime(vYear, 11, 1), DayOfWeek.Thursday, FourthWeek)));

        // Christmas Day         Dec 25
        HolidayList.Add(new Holiday("Christmas", new DateTime(vYear, 12, 25)));

        //saturday holidays are moved to Fri; Sun to Mon
        foreach (var holiday in HolidayList)
        {
            if (holiday.Date.DayOfWeek == DayOfWeek.Saturday)
            {
                holiday.Date = holiday.Date.AddDays(-1);
            }
            if (holiday.Date.DayOfWeek == DayOfWeek.Sunday)
            {
                holiday.Date = holiday.Date.AddDays(1);
            }
        }

        //return
        return HolidayList;

    }

    private static System.DateTime GetNthDayOfNthWeek(DateTime dt, DayOfWeek dayofWeek, int WhichWeek)
    {
        //specify which day of which week of a month and this function will get the date
        //this function uses the month and year of the date provided

        //get first day of the given date
        System.DateTime dtFirst = new DateTime(dt.Year, dt.Month, 1);

        //get first DayOfWeek of the month
        System.DateTime dtRet = dtFirst.AddDays(6 - (int)dtFirst.AddDays(-1 * ((int)dayofWeek + 1)).DayOfWeek);

        //get which week
        dtRet = dtRet.AddDays((WhichWeek - 1) * 7);

        //if day is past end of month then adjust backwards a week
        if (dtRet >= dtFirst.AddMonths(1))
        {
            dtRet = dtRet.AddDays(-7);
        }

        //return
        return dtRet;

    }

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        for(int ii = 2013; ii < 2100; ii++)
        {
            var holidays = getHolidayList(ii);

            foreach (var holiday in holidays)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(holiday.HolidayName + ": " + holiday.Date.ToShortDateString());
            }
        }
    }
}

Answer 3

作为参考，联邦假日列表在5 美国法典 §?6103 中定义。假期:

• 元旦，1 月 1 日。
• 小马丁路德金的生日，一月的第三个星期一。
• 华盛顿诞辰日，二月的第三个星期一。
• 阵亡将士纪念日，五月的最后一个星期一。
• 独立日，7 月 4 日。
• 劳动节，九月的第一个星期一。
• 哥伦布日，十月的第二个星期一。
• 退伍军人节，11 月 11 日。
• 感恩节，十一月的第四个星期四。
• 圣诞节，12 月 25 日。

对于周一至周五的普通员工，周六的假期将在前周五进行。我在其他地方读到过周日登陆的假期将在下周一进行。