Rob*_*uil 4 python debugging namespaces
当我在交互式会话中运行时(在我的情况下ipython),并且我当前在调试器(ipdb或pdb)中,我希望能够从调试命名空间中将变量放入主交互命名空间.
如果我的代码崩溃,但是已经完成了大量的工作,这很有用,其中一些可以节省时间(例如,从磁盘加载数据).
所以我想要的是这样的东西,例如:
>>> run -m my.module
loading data from disk...
done loading data.
processing data...
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
IndexError Traceback (most recent call last)
...
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- >这里处理过程中出错了,但数据加载工作正常...所以我会进入调试器检查发生了什么,并看到loaded_data:
>>> debug
ipdb> len(loaded_data)
100000
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- >然后我希望能够将此变量保存到交互式命名空间以便在调试器外部使用,如下所示:
ipdb> save_to_interactive('loaded_data')
ipdb> exit
>>> len(loaded_data)
100000
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您可以通过获取对外部解释器的堆栈框架的引用,并写入其框架全局变量来实现此目的.
给定一个带有断点的示例模块,将我们踢入pdb:
my_module.py:
def fun(arg):
import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
print arg
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演示基本概念的示例:
>>> import my_module
>>> my_module.fun(1)
> /Users/lukasgraf/src/stackoverflow/my_module.py(3)fun()
-> print arg
(Pdb) import sys
(Pdb) sys._getframe(0)
<frame object at 0x1032ab290>
# this is the current frame
(Pdb) sys._getframe(0).f_globals['__name__']
'my_module'
# Next outer frame
(Pdb) sys._getframe(1).f_globals['__name__']
'pdb'
# etc...
# In this example, frame 10 happens to be
# the one from the outer interpreter
(Pdb) sys._getframe(10).f_globals['__name__']
'__main__'
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所以这里有一个快速而又脏的函数,它在堆栈中寻找'__name__'具有'__main__'帧内全局值的值:
debughelper.py:
import sys
# Be safe and define a maximum of frames we're trying to walk up
MAX_FRAMES = 20
def save_to_interactive(dct):
n = 0
# Walk up the stack looking for '__name__'
# with a value of '__main__' in frame globals
for n in range(MAX_FRAMES):
cur_frame = sys._getframe(n)
name = cur_frame.f_globals.get('__name__')
if name == '__main__':
# Yay - we're in the stack frame of the interactive interpreter!
# So we update its frame globals with the dict containing our data
cur_frame.f_globals.update(dct)
break
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用法:
>>> import my_module
>>> my_module.fun('foo')
> /Users/lukasgraf/src/stackoverflow/my_module.py(3)fun()
-> print arg
(Pdb) import debughelper
(Pdb) debughelper.save_to_interactive({'mykey': 42})
(Pdb) c
foo
# We continued PDB, so we're in the outer interpreter again
>>> print mykey
42
>>>
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