减少iOS应用程序中的内存使用量而不会泄漏

Question

我的iOS应用程序具有高内存使用率但没有内存泄漏.如何减少内存使用量.

使用Instruments,我发现我的应用程序最大输出为90MB,在发生内存警告之前,其他内存被释放,然后在其余部分使用时保持在55-65MB左右.

我觉得55-65MB太高了吧？

因为,仪器没有发现任何泄漏.我该怎么做才能减少内存使用量？

我浏览了今年的WWDC视频,但是我理解的东西(这是我的第一个iOS应用程序),它主要涉及泄漏问题.

一些可能有用的信息:

VM:ImageIO_GIF_Data 30.35MB Live Bytes | 115生活| 300瞬态| 136.12 MB总字节数

VM:MappedFile 36.04 MB Live Bytes | 16生活| 11瞬态| 36.09 MB总字节数

所有其他的东西都在1MB以下

我的应用程序从互联网下载大约30个GIF文件,我使用SDWebImage,我只保存图像的URL,SDWebImage完成剩下的工作.:P

提前致谢,

来自iOS内存管理第一计时器

---

再次感谢您的帮助

Answer 1

我决定添加完整的代码以节省内存，如果您使用的是 GIF 文件，请修改 UIImage 缩放方法（在 Stackoverflow 中找到它）。正如 SD Image 中的GangstaGraham所说，存在方法 sd_animatedImageByScalingAndCroppingToSize

@interface UIImage (Scaling)

-(UIImage *)imageByScalingProportionallyToSize:(CGSize)targetSize;
-(UIImage*) croppedImageWithRect: (CGRect) rect;

@end

@implementation UIImage (Scaling)

- (UIImage *)imageByScalingProportionallyToSize:(CGSize)targetSize {

    if ([[UIScreen mainScreen] respondsToSelector:@selector(scale)]) {
        if ([[UIScreen mainScreen] scale] == 2.0) {
            targetSize.height *= 2.0f;
            targetSize.width *= 2.0f;
        }
    }

    NSUInteger width = targetSize.width;
    NSUInteger height = targetSize.height;
    UIImage *newImage = [self resizedImageWithMinimumSize: CGSizeMake (width, height)];
    return [newImage croppedImageWithRect: CGRectMake ((newImage.size.width - width) / 2, (newImage.size.height - height) / 2, width, height)];
}

-(CGImageRef)CGImageWithCorrectOrientation
{
    if (self.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationDown) {
        //retaining because caller expects to own the reference
        CGImageRetain([self CGImage]);
        return [self CGImage];
    }

    UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(self.size);

    CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();

    if (self.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationRight) {
        CGContextRotateCTM (context, 90 * M_PI/180);
    } else if (self.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationLeft) {
        CGContextRotateCTM (context, -90 * M_PI/180);
    } else if (self.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationUp) {
        CGContextRotateCTM (context, 180 * M_PI/180);
    }

    [self drawAtPoint:CGPointMake(0, 0)];

    CGImageRef cgImage = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(context);
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();

    return cgImage;
}

-(UIImage*)resizedImageWithMinimumSize:(CGSize)size
{
    CGImageRef imgRef = [self CGImageWithCorrectOrientation];
    CGFloat original_width  = CGImageGetWidth(imgRef);
    CGFloat original_height = CGImageGetHeight(imgRef);
    CGFloat width_ratio = size.width / original_width;
    CGFloat height_ratio = size.height / original_height;
    CGFloat scale_ratio = width_ratio > height_ratio ? width_ratio : height_ratio;
    CGImageRelease(imgRef);
    return [self drawImageInBounds: CGRectMake(0, 0, round(original_width * scale_ratio), round(original_height * scale_ratio))];
}

-(UIImage*)drawImageInBounds:(CGRect)bounds
{
    UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(bounds.size);
    [self drawInRect: bounds];
    UIImage *resizedImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
    return resizedImage;
}

-(UIImage*)croppedImageWithRect:(CGRect)rect
{

    UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(rect.size);
    CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
    CGRect drawRect = CGRectMake(-rect.origin.x, -rect.origin.y, self.size.width, self.size.height);
    CGContextClipToRect(context, CGRectMake(0, 0, rect.size.width, rect.size.height));
    [self drawInRect:drawRect];
    UIImage* subImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();

    return subImage;
}

-(UIImage *) resizableImageWithCapInsets2: (UIEdgeInsets) inset
{
    if ([self respondsToSelector:@selector(resizableImageWithCapInsets:resizingMode:)])
    {
        return [self resizableImageWithCapInsets:inset resizingMode:UIImageResizingModeStretch];
    }
    else
    {
        float left = (self.size.width-2)/2;//The middle points rarely vary anyway
        float top = (self.size.height-2)/2;
        return [self stretchableImageWithLeftCapWidth:left topCapHeight:top];
    }
}

@end

和 UIImageView：

#import <SDWebImage/SDImageCache.h>

@implementation UIImageView (Scaling)

-(void)setImageWithURL:(NSURL*)url scaleToSize:(BOOL)scale
{
    if(url.absoluteString.length < 10) return;
    if(!scale){
        [self setImageWithURL:url];
        return;
    }
    __block UIImageView* selfimg = self;
    __block NSString* prevKey = SPRINTF(@"%@_%ix%i", url.absoluteString, (int)self.frame.size.width, (int)self.frame.size.height);
    __block UIImage* prevImage = nil;

    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
    dispatch_async(queue, ^ {

        prevImage = [[SDImageCache sharedImageCache] imageFromDiskCacheForKey:prevKey];
        if(prevImage){
            dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^ {
                [self setImage:prevImage];
            });
        }else{

            [[SDWebImageDownloader sharedDownloader] downloadImageWithURL:url options:SDWebImageDownloaderFILOQueueMode progress:nil completed:^(UIImage *image, NSData *data, NSError *error, BOOL finished) {
                if(error){
                    [selfimg setImageWithURL:url scaleToSize:scale];
                }else{
                    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
                    dispatch_async(queue, ^ {
                        prevImage = [image imageByScalingProportionallyToSize:self.frame.size];
                        if(finished)
                            [[SDImageCache sharedImageCache] storeImage:prevImage forKey:prevKey];
                        dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^ {
                            [self setImage:prevImage];
                        });
                    });
                }
            }];
        }
    });

    return;
}

-(void)setImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url placeholderImage:(UIImage *)placeholder scaleToSize:(BOOL)scale
{
    [self setImage:placeholder];
    [self setImageWithURL:url scaleToSize:scale];
}


@end