如何检查元素是否是U的实例?

Bru*_*oLM 5 generics typescript

我想将类型的元素添加any到数组中,然后从此数组中获取数字的元素:

function OfType<T, U>(list: T[]) : U[]
{
    var result: U[] = [];

    list.forEach(e => {
        // I want to check if e is of type U
        //if (typeof(e) === typeof(U)) // ERROR: doesn't work
            result.push(<U><any>e);
    });

    return <any[]>result;
}


var list: any[] = [];
list.push("A");
list.push(2);

var result = OfType<any, number>(list);

alert(result.toString());
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但是它不允许我根据泛型类型检查元素的类型.

有没有办法实现这个目标?

小智 17

目前,您可以通过这种方式做得更好(TypeScript 3.9):

// tslint:disable-next-line: no-any
type Constructor<T> = new (...args: any[]) => T;

export function ofType<TElements, TFilter extends TElements>(
    array: TElements[], 
    filterType: Constructor<TFilter>
): TFilter[] {
    return <TFilter[]>array.filter(e => e instanceof filterType);
}
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用法示例:

class ClassA { }
class ClassB { }

const list: ClassA[] = [new ClassA(), new ClassB()];
const filteredList = ofType(list,  ClassB);
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Bru*_*oLM 2

正如Judah指出的那样,单独使用泛型类型是不可能的。我找到了一种解决方法,我可以再发送一个参数,其类型为...

function OfType<T, U>(list: T[], arg: Function) : U[]
{
    var result: U[] = [];

    list.forEach(e => {
        // extract the name of the class
        // used to match primitive types
        var typeName = /function\s*([^(]*)/i.exec(arg+"")[1].toLocaleLowerCase();

        var isOfType = typeof(e) === typeName;

        // if it is not primitive or didn't match the type
        // try to check if it is an instanceof
        if (!isOfType)
        {
            try {
                isOfType = (e instanceof arg)
            }
            catch (ex) { }
        }

        if (isOfType)
            result.push(<U><any>e);
    });

    return <any[]>result;
}
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用法:

var numbers = OfType<any, number>(list, Number);
var foos = OfType<any, Foo>(list, Foo);

alert("Numbers: " + numbers);
alert("Foos: " + foos);
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冗余很少,如果有人知道消除这种冗余的方法,请发表评论或编辑此代码。

或者,对于原始类型,只有我可以使用filterJudah 提到的。