在R中指定列数的矩阵的rowum

Question

我试图在R中的矩阵中获取某一行的列总和.但是,我不希望对整行进行求和,而只需要指定数量的列,即在这种情况下所有列都在对角线上方.我已经尝试了sum和rowSums函数,但它们要么给我奇怪的结果或错误信息.为了说明,请参阅下面的8x8矩阵的示例代码.对于第一行,我需要除项目[1,1]之外的行的总和,对于第二行,除了项目[2,1]和[2,2]等之外的总和.

m1 <- matrix(c(0.2834803,0.6398198,0.0766999,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,
               0.0000000,0.1101746,0.6354086,0.2544168,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,
               0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0548145,0.9451855,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,
               0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.3614786,0.6385214,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,
               0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.5594658,0.4405342,0.0000000,0.0000000,
               0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.7490395,0.2509605,0.0000000,
               0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.5834363,0.4165637,
          0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,1.0000000),
             8, 8, byrow = TRUE, 
             dimnames = list(c("iAAA", "iAA", "iA", "iBBB", "iBB", "iB", "iCCC", "iD"),
                  c("iAAA_p", "iAA_p", "iA_p", "iBBB_p", "iBB_p", "iB_p", "iCCC_p", "iD_p")))

我尝试过以下方法:

rowSums(m1[1, 2:8]) --> Error in rowSums(m1[1, 2:8]) : 
  'x' must be an array of at least two dimensions

或者:

sum(m1[1,2]:m1[1,8]) --> wrong result of 0.6398198 (which is item [1,2])

据我所知,rowSums需要一个数组而不是一个向量(虽然不确定为什么).但我不明白为什么使用sum的第二种方法不起作用.理想情况下,有一些方法可以只对位于对角线上方的行中的所有列求和.

非常感谢!

Answer 1

问题是你没有将数组传递给rowSums:

class(m1[1,2:8])
# [1] "numeric"

这是一个数字向量.使用多行,它可以正常工作:

class(m1[1:2,2:8])
# [1] "matrix"

rowSums(m1[1:2,2:8])
#     iAAA       iAA 
#0.7165197 1.0000000 

如果要对位于对角线上方的所有列求和,则可以使用lower.tri将对角线下方的所有元素设置为0(或可能NA),然后使用rowSums.如果您不想包含对角线元素本身,您可以设置diag = TRUE(感谢@Fabio指出这一点):

m1[lower.tri(m1 , diag = TRUE)] <- 0
rowSums(m1)
#     iAAA       iAA        iA      iBBB       iBB        iB      iCCC        iD 
#0.7165197 0.8898254 0.9451855 0.6385214 0.4405342 0.2509605 0.4165637 0.0000000 

#  With 'NA'
m1[lower.tri(m1)] <- NA
rowSums(m1,na.rm=T)
#     iAAA       iAA        iA      iBBB       iBB        iB      iCCC        iD 
#0.7165197 0.8898254 0.9451855 0.6385214 0.4405342 0.2509605 0.4165637 0.0000000