OS X上的grep -f会产生段错误

Question

如果你有一台Mac,试试这个:

echo 'abcd*' > grepfile
echo 'abc$' >> grepfile
echo '^abc' >> grepfile
echo "fojeiwuroiuwet\nljfajsljkfabcdddjlfkajlkj\nabcaaa\nzzzabc\n" | grep -f grepfile

这是版本:

$ grep --v
grep (BSD grep) 2.5.1-FreeBSD

这是一台机器(2012年风味的rMBP),它与Apple的软件更新保持同步,所以我在10.8.4.

我验证了grep从源代码编译的GNU 没有遇到这个问题.实际上它是版本2.14,它是2.5.1之前的许多版本.

但是,如果没有一些非常低效的循环为每个正则表达式分配grep,那么如何才能实现针对一系列正则表达式测试某些输入的任务呢？

编辑:我采取的解决方法类似于:while read REGEX; do [[ ... =~ $REGEX ]] ... done < regexfile.

问题:这是这个版本的grep的已知错误吗？我们如何设置我们的系统,以便它们可以正常使用正则表达式grep文件？

更新:看起来有些人报告它工作正常(即使使用这个特殊的FreeBSD 2.5.1 grep).我可以采取哪些步骤来找出它可能使用的.so/.dylib？有人可以做shasum /usr/bin/grep并告诉我它是否适合你？(我不确定这是否会提供更多信息,但我所追求的是我的计算机配置是否被搞砸了,或者这是否是这个版本软件存在的实际问题.)

$ shasum /usr/bin/grep
eac59389d09642decbb8551e2c975f795934bfbf  /usr/bin/grep

这是更多信息:

$ codesign -dvvv /usr/bin/grep
Executable=/usr/bin/grep
Identifier=com.apple.zgrep
Format=Mach-O thin (x86_64)
CodeDirectory v=20100 size=224 flags=0x0(none) hashes=6+2 location=embedded
Hash type=sha1 size=20
CDHash=93b823c000188f8737653d8333c90a6db9361d70
Signature size=4064
Authority=Software Signing
Authority=Apple Code Signing Certification Authority
Authority=Apple Root CA
Info.plist=not bound
Sealed Resources=none
Internal requirements count=2 size=208

进一步的调查:

$ gdb /usr/bin/grep
GNU gdb 6.3.50-20050815 (Apple version gdb-1824) (Thu Nov 15 10:42:43 UTC 2012)
Copyright 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
GDB is free software, covered by the GNU General Public License, and you are
welcome to change it and/or distribute copies of it under certain conditions.
Type "show copying" to see the conditions.
There is absolutely no warranty for GDB.  Type "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "x86_64-apple-darwin"...Reading symbols for shared libraries .... done

(gdb) start -f grepfile
Function "main" not defined.
Make breakpoint pending on future shared library load? (y or [n])
Starting program: /usr/bin/grep -f grepfile
Reading symbols for shared libraries +++.............................. done
abc
abc

Program received signal EXC_BAD_ACCESS, Could not access memory.
Reason: KERN_INVALID_ADDRESS at address: 0x0000000101000000
0x00007fff89b5d1b3 in memchr ()
(gdb) where
#0  0x00007fff89b5d1b3 in memchr ()
#1  0x00007fff89b8e45a in __sfvwrite ()
#2  0x00007fff89b8e861 in fwrite ()
#3  0x0000000100003138 in _mh_execute_header ()
#4  0x0000000100002988 in _mh_execute_header ()
#5  0x0000000100001c28 in _mh_execute_header ()
#6  0x00007fff8e2d57e1 in start ()
(gdb)

我也重新启动了机器.它在gdb中重复执行相同的操作.

Answer 1

我在 MacBook Air 上安装了 OSX 10.8.4，并且您的示例默认情况下不会崩溃，但仅在添加--color参数时才会崩溃。

解释

当您将通配符（星号）与终端颜色混合时，通常会发生这种崩溃，这是软件错误。

另请检查另一个更简单的示例：

echo 'abc*' | grep --color=auto -e ".*" -e a

在这里，似乎--color=auto有所不同（没有它或设置为never，那么它就不会崩溃）。所以我假设你的 grep 默认情况下在终端中使用颜色。

解决方案

确保您的 grep 不是启用颜色的 grep 的别名，或者默认情况下不启用颜色。

您始终可以尝试使用 运行 grep --color=never。

对于永久解决方案，我已报告错误报告：

http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=181263

所以这个问题可以在软件本身中解决。

如果您想访问更详细的崩溃日志，请转到“控制台”、“显示日志列表”并在“用户诊断报告”下找到崩溃日志。

例如：

Thread 0 Crashed:: Dispatch queue: com.apple.main-thread
0   libsystem_c.dylib               0x00007fff8a8da1b3 memchr + 15
1   libsystem_c.dylib               0x00007fff8a90b45a __sfvwrite + 578
2   libsystem_c.dylib               0x00007fff8a90b861 fwrite + 114
3   grep                            0x000000010a4a3138 0x10a4a0000 + 12600
4   grep                            0x000000010a4a2988 0x10a4a0000 + 10632
5   grep                            0x000000010a4a1c28 0x10a4a0000 + 7208
6   libdyld.dylib                   0x00007fff8daf77e1 start + 1

以下是有关崩溃的一些更详细的解释：

A quick test

  $ env -i bsdgrep -Fi without_nls usr.bin/grep/grep.c
  $ env -i gnugrep -Fi without_nls usr.bin/grep/grep.c
  #ifndef WITHOUT_NLS
  #ifndef WITHOUT_NLS
  #ifndef WITHOUT_NLS

shows that bsd fgrep already fails to ignore case. And if you throw
a few more options to the mix it'd crash, e.g.

  $ env -i LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8 TERM=xterm bsdgrep --color -Fir without_nls usr.bin/grep/
  [...]
  Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
  0x0000000801007ff2 in memchr (s=0x61167a, c=10, n=18446744073707490297) at /usr/src/lib/libc/string/memchr.c:48
  48                              if (*p++ == (unsigned char)c)
  (gdb) bt
  #0  0x0000000801007ff2 in memchr (s=0x61167a, c=10, n=18446744073707490297) at /usr/src/lib/libc/string/memchr.c:48
  #1  0x0000000801007b03 in __sfvwrite (fp=0x801247770, uio=0x7fffffffd8f0) at /usr/src/lib/libc/stdio/fvwrite.c:170
  #2  0x0000000801007698 in fwrite (buf=0x608c03, size=18446744073709551606, count=1, fp=0x801247770)
      at /usr/src/lib/libc/stdio/fwrite.c:95
  #3  0x0000000000405498 in printline (line=0x7fffffffdb70, sep=58, matches=0x7fffffffd990, m=9)
      at /usr/src/usr.bin/grep/util.c:500
  #4  0x0000000000404f51 in procline (l=0x7fffffffdb70, nottext=0) at /usr/src/usr.bin/grep/util.c:381
  #5  0x000000000040489f in procfile (fn=0x80140b600 "usr.bin/grep/nls/es_ES.ISO8859-1.msg") at /usr/src/usr.bin/grep/util.c:239
  #6  0x00000000004044d7 in grep_tree (argv=0x7fffffffdd30) at /usr/src/usr.bin/grep/util.c:163
  #7  0x0000000000403ea9 in main (argc=5, argv=0x7fffffffdd10) at /usr/src/usr.bin/grep/grep.c:689

来源：http ://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2011-August/026502.html

而且，即使版本相同，不同的 OSX 上似乎也有不同的 grep 二进制文件：

$ grep --v
grep (BSD grep) 2.5.1-FreeBSD
$ shasum /usr/bin/grep
350ee11e1868e18c9707ea7035184a114f40badf  /usr/bin/grep
$ codesign -dvvv /usr/bin/grep
Executable=/usr/bin/grep
Identifier=com.apple.zgrep
Format=Mach-O thin (x86_64)
CodeDirectory v=20100 size=224 flags=0x0(none) hashes=6+2 location=embedded
Hash type=sha1 size=20
CDHash=1537b3ed49878d5d18482859a37318164a2a40f1
Signature size=4064
Authority=Software Signing
Authority=Apple Code Signing Certification Authority
Authority=Apple Root CA
Info.plist=not bound
Sealed Resources=none
Internal requirements count=2 size=176