Javascript准确地将HSB/HSV颜色转换为RGB

Question

我需要准确地将HSB转换为RGB,但我不知道如何解决将小数转换为整数而不进行舍入的问题.这是我在colorpicker库中使用的当前函数:

HSBToRGB = function (hsb) {

    var rgb = { };
    var h = Math.round(hsb.h);
    var s = Math.round(hsb.s * 255 / 100);
    var v = Math.round(hsb.b * 255 / 100);

        if (s == 0) {

        rgb.r = rgb.g = rgb.b = v;
        } else {
        var t1 = v;
        var t2 = (255 - s) * v / 255;
        var t3 = (t1 - t2) * (h % 60) / 60;

            if (h == 360) h = 0;

                if (h < 60) { rgb.r = t1; rgb.b = t2; rgb.g = t2 + t3 }
                else if (h < 120) { rgb.g = t1; rgb.b = t2; rgb.r = t1 - t3 }
                else if (h < 180) { rgb.g = t1; rgb.r = t2; rgb.b = t2 + t3 }
                else if (h < 240) { rgb.b = t1; rgb.r = t2; rgb.g = t1 - t3 }
                else if (h < 300) { rgb.b = t1; rgb.g = t2; rgb.r = t2 + t3 }
                else if (h < 360) { rgb.r = t1; rgb.g = t2; rgb.b = t1 - t3 }
                else { rgb.r = 0; rgb.g = 0; rgb.b = 0 }
        }

    return { r: Math.round(rgb.r), g: Math.round(rgb.g), b: Math.round(rgb.b) };

正如您所看到的,此函数的不准确性来自Math.round

Answer 1

从Parthik Gosar在此评论中的链接稍作修改,您可以单独输入每个值,也可以同时输入所有值作为对象

/* accepts parameters
 * h  Object = {h:x, s:y, v:z}
 * OR 
 * h, s, v
*/
function HSVtoRGB(h, s, v) {
    var r, g, b, i, f, p, q, t;
    if (arguments.length === 1) {
        s = h.s, v = h.v, h = h.h;
    }
    i = Math.floor(h * 6);
    f = h * 6 - i;
    p = v * (1 - s);
    q = v * (1 - f * s);
    t = v * (1 - (1 - f) * s);
    switch (i % 6) {
        case 0: r = v, g = t, b = p; break;
        case 1: r = q, g = v, b = p; break;
        case 2: r = p, g = v, b = t; break;
        case 3: r = p, g = q, b = v; break;
        case 4: r = t, g = p, b = v; break;
        case 5: r = v, g = p, b = q; break;
    }
    return {
        r: Math.round(r * 255),
        g: Math.round(g * 255),
        b: Math.round(b * 255)
    };
}

此代码期望0 <= h, s, v <= 1,如果您使用度数或弧度,请记住将它们分开.

返回0 <= r, g, b <= 255的四舍五入到最接近的整数.如果您不希望此行为Math.round从返回的对象中删除s.

相反(减少分割)

/* accepts parameters
 * r  Object = {r:x, g:y, b:z}
 * OR 
 * r, g, b
*/
function RGBtoHSV(r, g, b) {
    if (arguments.length === 1) {
        g = r.g, b = r.b, r = r.r;
    }
    var max = Math.max(r, g, b), min = Math.min(r, g, b),
        d = max - min,
        h,
        s = (max === 0 ? 0 : d / max),
        v = max / 255;

    switch (max) {
        case min: h = 0; break;
        case r: h = (g - b) + d * (g < b ? 6: 0); h /= 6 * d; break;
        case g: h = (b - r) + d * 2; h /= 6 * d; break;
        case b: h = (r - g) + d * 4; h /= 6 * d; break;
    }

    return {
        h: h,
        s: s,
        v: v
    };
}

此代码将输出0 <= h, s, v <= 1,但这次需要任何0 <= r, g, b <= 255(不需要是整数)

为了完整,

function HSVtoHSL(h, s, v) {
    if (arguments.length === 1) {
        s = h.s, v = h.v, h = h.h;
    }
    var _h = h,
        _s = s * v,
        _l = (2 - s) * v;
    _s /= (_l <= 1) ? _l : 2 - _l;
    _l /= 2;

    return {
        h: _h,
        s: _s,
        l: _l
    };
}

function HSLtoHSV(h, s, l) {
    if (arguments.length === 1) {
        s = h.s, l = h.l, h = h.h;
    }
    var _h = h,
        _s,
        _v;

    l *= 2;
    s *= (l <= 1) ? l : 2 - l;
    _v = (l + s) / 2;
    _s = (2 * s) / (l + s);

    return {
        h: _h,
        s: _s,
        v: _v
    };
}

所有这些值应在范围0来1.对于HSL<->RGB通过去HSV.

Answer 2

简短但准确

试试这个（更多：rgb2hsv、hsl2rgb、rgb2hsl和sl22sv）

// input: h in [0,360] and s,v in [0,1] - output: r,g,b in [0,1]
function hsv2rgb(h,s,v) 
{                              
  let f= (n,k=(n+h/60)%6) => v - v*s*Math.max( Math.min(k,4-k,1), 0);     
  return [f(5),f(3),f(1)];       
}   

// input: h in [0,360] and s,v in [0,1] - output: r,g,b in [0,1]
function hsv2rgb(h,s,v) 
{                              
  let f= (n,k=(n+h/60)%6) => v - v*s*Math.max( Math.min(k,4-k,1), 0);     
  return [f(5),f(3),f(1)];       
}   

// oneliner version
let hsv2rgb=(h,s,v,f=(n,k=(n+h/60)%6)=>v-v*s*Math.max(Math.min(k,4-k,1),0))=>[f(5),f(3),f(1)];

console.log(`hsv: (340,0.3,0.9) -> rgb: (${hsv2rgb(340,0.3,0.9)})`)


// ---------------
// UX
// ---------------

rgb= [0,0,0];
hs= [0,0,0];

function rgb2hsv(r,g,b) {
  let v=Math.max(r,g,b), n=v-Math.min(r,g,b);
  let h= n && ((v==r) ? (g-b)/n : ((v==g) ? 2+(b-r)/n : 4+(r-g)/n)); 
  return [60*(h<0?h+6:h), v&&n/v, v];
}

function changeRGB(i,e) {
  rgb[i]=e.target.value/255;
  hs = rgb2hsv(...rgb);
  refresh();
}

function changeHS(i,e) {
  hs[i]=e.target.value/(i?255:1);
  rgb= hsv2rgb(...hs);
  refresh();
}

function refresh() {
  rr = rgb.map(x=>x*255|0).join(', ')
  tr = `RGB: ${rr}`
  th = `HSV: ${hs.map((x,i)=>i? (x*100).toFixed(2)+'%':x|0).join(', ')}`
  box.style.backgroundColor=`rgb(${rr})`;  
  infoRGB.innerHTML=`${tr}`;  
  infoHS.innerHTML =`${th}`;  
  
  r.value=rgb[0]*255;
  g.value=rgb[1]*255;
  b.value=rgb[2]*255;
  
  h.value=hs[0];
  s.value=hs[1]*255;
  v.value=hs[2]*255;  
}

refresh();

body { display: flex; }
.box { width: 50px; height: 50px; margin: 20px; }

以下是我在wiki + 错误分析中发现并精确描述的公式

Answer 3

鉴于npm越来越受欢迎,我认为值得通过简单的API 提及包含所有这些功能的包:

npm安装colorsys

var colorsys = require('colorsys')
colorsys.rgb_to_hsv({ r: 255, g: 255, b: 255 })
// { h: 0 , s: 0 , v: 100 }

对于浏览器: <script src="http://netbeast.github.io/colorsys/browser.js"></script>

colorsys.rgb_to_hex(h, s, v)
// #hexcolor

Answer 4

我曾经写过这个函数：

function mix(a, b, v)
{
    return (1-v)*a + v*b;
}

function HSVtoRGB(H, S, V)
{
    var V2 = V * (1 - S);
    var r  = ((H>=0 && H<=60) || (H>=300 && H<=360)) ? V : ((H>=120 && H<=240) ? V2 : ((H>=60 && H<=120) ? mix(V,V2,(H-60)/60) : ((H>=240 && H<=300) ? mix(V2,V,(H-240)/60) : 0)));
    var g  = (H>=60 && H<=180) ? V : ((H>=240 && H<=360) ? V2 : ((H>=0 && H<=60) ? mix(V2,V,H/60) : ((H>=180 && H<=240) ? mix(V,V2,(H-180)/60) : 0)));
    var b  = (H>=0 && H<=120) ? V2 : ((H>=180 && H<=300) ? V : ((H>=120 && H<=180) ? mix(V2,V,(H-120)/60) : ((H>=300 && H<=360) ? mix(V,V2,(H-300)/60) : 0)));

    return {
        r : Math.round(r * 255),
        g : Math.round(g * 255),
        b : Math.round(b * 255)
    };
}

它期望0 <= H <= 360、0 <= S <= 1和0 <= V <= 1，并返回包含R，G和B（0到255之间的整数值）的对象。我使用此图像来创建代码。