虽然给出了`-lrt`,但未定义对`clock_gettime`的引用

Question

我-lrt将最后一个链接器标志作为编译器.但仍然得到这个错误.

arif@khost:~/sak/sak.exosip$ gcc eXo_init.c -I/opt/osip2/include -I/opt/exosip/include  -L/opt/osip2/lib -L/opt/exosip/lib -leXosip2 -losipparser2 -losip2 -lrt
/opt/osip2/lib/libosip2.so: undefined reference to `clock_gettime'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

手册页说:

NAME
       clock_getres, clock_gettime, clock_settime - clock and time functions

SYNOPSIS
       #include <time.h>

       int clock_getres(clockid_t clk_id, struct timespec *res);

       int clock_gettime(clockid_t clk_id, struct timespec *tp);

       int clock_settime(clockid_t clk_id, const struct timespec *tp);

       Link with -lrt.

所以我有点困惑,我做错了.

我试图在librt.so没有运气的情况下阅读符号:

arif@khost:~/sak/ortp/src/tests$ nm /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/librt-2.15.so 
nm: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/librt-2.15.so: no symbols

更新1我无法读取符号的原因librt.so是它们被"剥离".我在哪里可以获得符号名称？

arif@khost:~/sak/ortp/src/tests$ file /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/librt-2.15.so 
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/librt-2.15.so: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), BuildID[sha1]=0x375b2c35c4e6503a5d1a88ab6f76f5b6e0ee81df, for GNU/Linux 2.6.24, stripped

更新2

事情变得非常混乱,因为以下测试代码编译并运行得很好:

#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main(int argc, char **argv, char **arge) {
    struct timespec tps, tpe;
    if ((clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &tps) != 0)
        || (clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &tpe) != 0)) {
        perror("clock_gettime");
        return -1;
    }
    printf("%lu s, %lu ns\n", tpe.tv_sec-tps.tv_sec,tpe.tv_nsec-tps.tv_nsec);
    return 0;
}

内置

arif@khost:~/sak/sak.exosip$ gcc what.c -lrt

UPDATE3我正在尝试编译的代码:

#include <eXosip2/eXosip.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int ex_init(int port)
{
    struct eXosip_t *eXcontext;
    int i;
    TRACE_INITIALIZE(6, stdout);
    i = eXosip_init(eXcontext);
    if (i != 0)
        return -1;

    i = eXosip_listen_addr(eXcontext, IPPROTO_UDP, NULL, port, AF_INET, 0);
    if (i != 0) {
        eXosip_quit(eXcontext);
        fprintf (stderr, "could not initialize transport layer\n");
        return -1;
    }

    return 1;
}

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
    if(ex_init(1000))
        printf("success \n");
    return 0;
}

Answer 1

好吧问题解决了如果我传递这个链接器标志

-Wl,--no-as-needed

在命令行中的库列表之前.

为什么这样可行,因为在我的平台中,链接器始终传递-Wl,--as-needed.

来自ld手册:

--as-needed
       --no-as-needed
           This option affects ELF DT_NEEDED tags for dynamic libraries
           mentioned on the command line after the --as-needed option.
           Normally the linker will add a DT_NEEDED tag for each dynamic
           library mentioned on the command line, regardless of whether the
           library is actually needed or not.  --as-needed causes a DT_NEEDED
           tag to only be emitted for a library that satisfies an undefined
           symbol reference from a regular object file or, if the library is
           not found in the DT_NEEDED lists of other libraries linked up to
           that point, an undefined symbol reference from another dynamic
           library.  --no-as-needed restores the default behaviour.

因此,当--as-needed在库之前给出时,liker仅链接库中的库中给出NEEDED的库.

例如,

-Wl,--as-needed -llibA -llibB -llibC

这里 - 以前需要的是libA.所以在链接期间,链接器将检查NEEDED部分libA.如果仅在列表NEEDED部分中,则不会链接.libAlibClibB

出现这个具体问题是因为

arif@khost:~/sak/sak.exosip$ objdump -p /opt/osip2/lib/libosip2.so.10 | grep NEEDED
  NEEDED               libosipparser2.so.10
  NEEDED               libc.so.6

libosip2没有librt列为NEEDED.

如果我通过--no-as-needed,那么无论ELF的NEEDED部分给出什么,所有的库都将被链接.

虽然不应该这样,因为,

arif@khost:~/sak/sak.exosip$ nm --demangle /opt/osip2/lib/libosip2.so.10 | grep clock_gettime
                 U clock_gettime

它有未定义的符号clock_gettime,由提供librt.so.

那么它实际上是libosip2开发者的错,他们autotools没有合作--as-needed.

osip使用的链接命令:

libtool: link: gcc -shared  -fPIC -DPIC  .libs/ict_fsm.o .libs/ist_fsm.o .libs/nict_fsm.o .libs/nist_fsm.o .libs/ict.o .libs/ist.o .libs/nict.o .libs/nist.o .libs/fsm_misc.o .libs/osip.o .libs/osip_transaction.o .libs/osip_event.o .libs/port_fifo.o .libs/osip_dialog.o .libs/osip_time.o .libs/port_sema.o .libs/port_thread.o .libs/port_condv.o   -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/home/arif/sak/osip/src/osipparser2/.libs -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/opt/osip2-test/lib -lnsl ../osipparser2/.libs/libosipparser2.so    -Wl,-soname -Wl,libosip2.so.10 -o .libs/libosip2.so.10.0.0

所以它没有链接,librt这就是为什么它没有列librt在其NEEDED列表中

如果配置:

 LDFLAGS="${LDFLAGS} -lrt" ./configure --prefix=/opt/osip2-test/ 

然后链接命令变为:

libtool: link: gcc -shared  -fPIC -DPIC  .libs/ict_fsm.o .libs/ist_fsm.o .libs/nict_fsm.o .libs/nist_fsm.o .libs/ict.o .libs/ist.o .libs/nict.o .libs/nist.o .libs/fsm_misc.o .libs/osip.o .libs/osip_transaction.o .libs/osip_event.o .libs/port_fifo.o .libs/osip_dialog.o .libs/osip_time.o .libs/port_sema.o .libs/port_thread.o .libs/port_condv.o   -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/home/arif/sak/osip/src/osipparser2/.libs -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/opt/osip2-test/lib -lnsl ../osipparser2/.libs/libosipparser2.so -lrt    -Wl,-soname -Wl,libosip2.so.10 -o .libs/libosip2.so.10.0.0

所以它的链接librt.它也反映在它的ELF中:

arif@khost:~/sak/osip/src/osip2/.libs$ objdump -p libosip2.so.10 | grep NEEDED
  NEEDED               libosipparser2.so.10
  NEEDED               librt.so.1
  NEEDED               libc.so.6

这个补丁解决了这个问题:

diff --git a/src/osip2/Makefile.am b/src/osip2/Makefile.am
index bb0d8f3..b72c22a 100644
--- a/src/osip2/Makefile.am
+++ b/src/osip2/Makefile.am
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ libosip2_la_SOURCES+=port_sema.c port_thread.c port_condv.c
 endif

 libosip2_la_LDFLAGS = -version-info $(LIBOSIP_SO_VERSION) \
- $(FSM_LIB) $(EXTRA_LIB) ../osipparser2/libosipparser2.la -no-undefined
+ $(FSM_LIB) $(EXTRA_LIB) ../osipparser2/libosipparser2.la -no-undefined -lrt


 INCLUDES = -I$(top_srcdir)/includ

相关的usenet讨论主题:https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic / comp.unix.programmer/VKbARy6W4AY

更新:

osip开发者回复了我的邮件.他用一个不同的补丁修补它(比我的更普遍的解决方案) http://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/osip.git/commit/?id=bd5b1ad58381e4bfce08bad9b66ad00cd28f9b65