如何在应用程序中使用javax.swing组件？

Question

免责声明:我是Java的新手,但我已经构建了13年的.NET应用程序.

我正在尝试构建这个Java应用程序,它为辅导做一些基本的计算.老实说,这不是一个大项目,但我甚至无法进入该Hello, World!州!我有一个要求让它变得困难:

GUI应该使用javax.swing组件jButton,jLabel,jTextField,jTextArea,jFrame和jPanel构建.

因此,我下载了NetBeans 7.3并创建了一个JavaFX in Swing应用程序.默认代码显然有效,但它使用Button而不是JButton:

private void createScene() {
    Button btn = new Button();
    btn.setText("Say 'Hello World'");
    btn.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
        @Override
        public void handle(ActionEvent event) {
            System.out.println("Hello World!");
        }
    });
    StackPane root = new StackPane();
    root.getChildren().add(btn);
    fxContainer.setScene(new Scene(root));
}

所以当我改变它以使用JButton我必须也改变它的类型root.当我把头撞到墙上的时候,我发现了一个例子(不是直接相关的)使用了这个JRootPane,我认为这可能代替了StackPane.所以我重构了这样的代码:

private void createScene() {
    JButton btn = new JButton();
    btn.setText("Say 'Hello World'");
    JRootPane root = new JRootPane();
    root.getContentPane().add(btn);
    fxContainer.setScene(new Scene(root));
}

并且该代码很好,除非fxContainer.setScene(new Scene(root));因为root不是Parent.

仅供参考,应用类实现JApplet,并具有main 和 init看起来像这样:

public static void main(String[] args) {
    SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                UIManager.setLookAndFeel("com.sun.java.swing.plaf.nimbus.NimbusLookAndFeel");
            } catch (Exception e) {
            }

            JFrame frame = new JFrame("Tutoring Calculator");
            frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

            JApplet applet = new TutoringCalculator();
            applet.init();

            frame.setContentPane(applet.getContentPane());

            frame.pack();
            frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
            frame.setVisible(true);

            applet.start();
        }
    });
}

@Override
public void init() {
    fxContainer = new JFXPanel();
    fxContainer.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(JFXPANEL_WIDTH_INT, JFXPANEL_HEIGHT_INT));
    add(fxContainer, BorderLayout.CENTER);
    // create JavaFX scene
    Platform.runLater(new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            createScene();
        }
    });
}

---

我如何满足上述要求？我真的以错误的方式处理这件事吗？

SSCCE

/*
 * To change this template, choose Tools | Templates
 * and open the template in the editor.
 */
package tutoringcalculator;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import javafx.application.Platform;
import javafx.embed.swing.JFXPanel;
import javafx.event.ActionEvent;
import javafx.event.EventHandler;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane;
import javax.swing.JApplet;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JRootPane;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
import javax.swing.UIManager;

/**
 *
 * @author Owner
 */
public class TutoringCalculator extends JApplet {

    private static final int JFXPANEL_WIDTH_INT = 300;
    private static final int JFXPANEL_HEIGHT_INT = 250;
    private static JFXPanel fxContainer;

    /**
     * @param args the command line arguments
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    UIManager.setLookAndFeel("com.sun.java.swing.plaf.nimbus.NimbusLookAndFeel");
                } catch (Exception e) {
                }

                JFrame frame = new JFrame("Tutoring Calculator");
                frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

                JApplet applet = new TutoringCalculator();
                applet.init();

                frame.setContentPane(applet.getContentPane());

                frame.pack();
                frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
                frame.setVisible(true);

                applet.start();
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public void init() {
        fxContainer = new JFXPanel();
        fxContainer.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(JFXPANEL_WIDTH_INT, JFXPANEL_HEIGHT_INT));
        add(fxContainer, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        // create JavaFX scene
        Platform.runLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                createScene();
            }
        });
    }

    private void createScene() {
        JButton btn = new JButton();
        btn.setText("Say 'Hello World'");
        JRootPane root = new JRootPane();
        root.getContentPane().add(btn);
        fxContainer.setScene(new Scene(root));
    }
}

Answer 1

此代码可用作applet或桌面应用程序.这里:

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import javax.swing.*;

// <applet code=TutoringCalculator width=400 height=400></applet>
public class TutoringCalculator extends JApplet {

    // The size of an applet is set by the HTML!
    //private static final int JFXPANEL_WIDTH_INT = 300;
    //private static final int JFXPANEL_HEIGHT_INT = 250;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                JFrame frame = new JFrame("Tutoring Calculator");
                frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

                JApplet applet = new TutoringCalculator();
                applet.init();

                frame.setContentPane(applet.getContentPane());

                frame.pack();
                frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
                frame.setVisible(true);

                applet.start();
            }
        });
    }

    private JPanel swingContainer;

    @Override
    public void init() {
        swingContainer = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
        add(swingContainer, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        createScene();
    }

    private void createScene() {
        JButton btn = new JButton();
        btn.setText("Say 'Hello World'");
        JRootPane root = new JRootPane();
        root.getContentPane().add(btn);
        swingContainer.add(root);
    }
}

我无法想象你为什么要使用,RootPane所以我把它原样留下了.

进一步提示

• 规范.提到JFrame但不是JApplet.由于applet很难开发,调试和部署,我建议你完全专注于让它在一个框架中工作.
• 对于框架定位,你不能去setLocationByPlatform(true).有关演示,请参阅此答案.