使用datetime确定Python中给定时间戳的季节

Question

我想使用日期时间模块(而不是时间)从时间戳中提取月份和日期,然后根据至日的固定日期确定它是否属于给定季节(秋季,夏季,冬季,春季)分点.

例如,如果日期在3月21日到6月20日之间,那就是春天.无论一年如何.我希望它只是查看月份和日期,并忽略此计算中的年份.

我一直在运行陷入困境使用,是因为没有从我的数据正确提取的月份,因为这个原因.

Answer 1

使用day of year参数可能更容易.它与你的方法没什么不同,但可能比神奇的数字更容易理解.

# get the current day of the year
doy = datetime.today().timetuple().tm_yday

# "day of year" ranges for the northern hemisphere
spring = range(80, 172)
summer = range(172, 264)
fall = range(264, 355)
# winter = everything else

if doy in spring:
  season = 'spring'
elif doy in summer:
  season = 'summer'
elif doy in fall:
  season = 'fall'
else:
  season = 'winter'

Answer 2

如果日期在3月21日到6月20日之间,那就是春天.无论一年如何.我希望它只是查看月份和日期,并忽略此计算中的年份.

#!/usr/bin/env python
from datetime import date, datetime

Y = 2000 # dummy leap year to allow input X-02-29 (leap day)
seasons = [('winter', (date(Y,  1,  1),  date(Y,  3, 20))),
           ('spring', (date(Y,  3, 21),  date(Y,  6, 20))),
           ('summer', (date(Y,  6, 21),  date(Y,  9, 22))),
           ('autumn', (date(Y,  9, 23),  date(Y, 12, 20))),
           ('winter', (date(Y, 12, 21),  date(Y, 12, 31)))]

def get_season(now):
    if isinstance(now, datetime):
        now = now.date()
    now = now.replace(year=Y)
    return next(season for season, (start, end) in seasons
                if start <= now <= end)

print(get_season(date.today()))

它是@Manuel G的扩展版本,支持任何一年的支持.

Answer 3

我来到这里是为了寻找如何将日期映射到季节，基于这个答案，我最终通过以下方式解决了这个问题：

def season_of_date(date):
    year = str(date.year)
    seasons = {'spring': pd.date_range(start='21/03/'+year, end='20/06/'+year),
               'summer': pd.date_range(start='21/06/'+year, end='22/09/'+year),
               'autumn': pd.date_range(start='23/09/'+year, end='20/12/'+year)}
    if date in seasons['spring']:
        return 'spring'
    if date in seasons['summer']:
        return 'summer'
    if date in seasons['autumn']:
        return 'autumn'
    else:
        return 'winter'

# Assuming df has a date column of type `datetime`
df['season'] = df.date.map(season_of_date)

所以原则上它适用于任何一年，给定一个datetime.