从Java中的字符串中删除所有非"单词字符",留下重音字符？

Question

显然,当我使用正则表达式时,Java的正则表达式将变音符号和其他特殊字符计为非"单词字符".

        "TESTÜTEST".replaceAll( "\\W", "" )

为我返回"TESTTEST".我想要的只是删除所有真正的非"单词字符".没有任何东西的任何方式做到这一点

         "[^A-Za-z0-9äöüÄÖÜßéèáàúùóò]"

只是意识到我忘记了ô？

Answer 1

使用[^\p{L}\p{Nd}]+- 这匹配既不是字母也不是(十进制)数字的所有(Unicode)字符.

在Java中:

String resultString = subjectString.replaceAll("[^\\p{L}\\p{Nd}]+", "");

编辑:

我改为\p{N},\p{Nd}因为前者也匹配一些数字符号,如¼; 后者没有.在regex101.com上查看.

Answer 2

当我碰到这个帖子时,我试图达到完全相反的目的.我知道它已经很老了,但这仍然是我的解决方案.您可以使用块,请参阅此处.在这种情况下,编译以下代码(使用正确的导入):

> String s = "äêìóblah"; 
> Pattern p = Pattern.compile("[\\p{InLatin-1Supplement}]+"); // this regex uses a block
> Matcher m = p.matcher(s);
> System.out.println(m.find());
> System.out.println(s.replaceAll(p.pattern(), "#"));

您应该看到以下输出:

真正

#blah

最好,

Answer 3

有时您不想简单地删除字符,只需删除重音符号即可.我提出了以下实用程序类,每当我需要在URL中包含String时,我在Java REST Web项目中使用它:

import java.text.Normalizer;
import java.text.Normalizer.Form;

import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;

/**
 * Utility class for String manipulation.
 * 
 * @author Stefan Haberl
 */
public abstract class TextUtils {
    private static String[] searchList = { "Ä", "ä", "Ö", "ö", "Ü", "ü", "ß" };
    private static String[] replaceList = { "Ae", "ae", "Oe", "oe", "Ue", "ue",
            "sz" };

    /**
     * Normalizes a String by removing all accents to original 127 US-ASCII
     * characters. This method handles German umlauts and "sharp-s" correctly
     * 
     * @param s
     *            The String to normalize
     * @return The normalized String
     */
    public static String normalize(String s) {
        if (s == null)
            return null;

        String n = null;

        n = StringUtils.replaceEachRepeatedly(s, searchList, replaceList);
        n = Normalizer.normalize(n, Form.NFD).replaceAll("[^\\p{ASCII}]", "");

        return n;
    }

    /**
     * Returns a clean representation of a String which might be used safely
     * within an URL. Slugs are a more human friendly form of URL encoding a
     * String.
     * <p>
     * The method first normalizes a String, then converts it to lowercase and
     * removes ASCII characters, which might be problematic in URLs:
     * <ul>
     * <li>all whitespaces
     * <li>dots ('.')
     * <li>(semi-)colons (';' and ':')
     * <li>equals ('=')
     * <li>ampersands ('&')
     * <li>slashes ('/')
     * <li>angle brackets ('<' and '>')
     * </ul>
     * 
     * @param s
     *            The String to slugify
     * @return The slugified String
     * @see #normalize(String)
     */
    public static String slugify(String s) {

        if (s == null)
            return null;

        String n = normalize(s);
        n = StringUtils.lowerCase(n);
        n = n.replaceAll("[\\s.:;&=<>/]", "");

        return n;
    }
}

作为德语演讲者,我也包括了对德语变音符号的正确处理 - 该列表应该易于扩展到其他语言.

HTH

编辑:请注意,将返回的String包含在URL中可能不安全.您至少应该对其进行HTML编码以防止XSS攻击.