在.NET Web应用程序中实现XML请求

Question

我一直在阅读和阅读,但我越往前走越困惑.我正在用C#构建ASP.NET 4.0 Web应用程序.我正在尝试实施信用卡处理.我正在使用的公司提供了一个示例XML SOAP请求和响应,但我不知道该怎么做.我是一名新手开发人员,对所有这些都是新手.我甚至不知道从哪里开始.非常感谢任何帮助,我也必须通过SSL发送,但这可能是另一个问题.

这是SOAP请求

<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
  <soapenv:Body>
    <v1:SendTranRequest xmlns:v1="http://postilion/realtime/merchantframework/xsd/v1/">
      <v1:merc>
        <v1:id>9000</v1:id>
        <v1:regKey>RegistrationKey</v1:regKey>
        <v1:inType>1</v1:inType>
        <v1:prodType>5</v1:prodType>
      </v1:merc>
      <v1:tranCode>1</v1:tranCode>
      <v1:card>
        <v1:pan>411111******1111</v1:pan>
        <v1:xprDt>1312</v1:xprDt>
      </v1:card>
      <v1:contact>
        <v1:id>1234567</v1:id>
        <v1:fullName>John Doe</v1:fullName>
        <v1:coName>Ajax Intl.</v1:coName>
        <v1:title>CEO</v1:title>
        <v1:phone>
          <v1:type>3</v1:type>
          <v1:nr>5555555555</v1:nr>
        </v1:phone>
        <v1:addrLn1>123 1st St.</v1:addrLn1>
        <v1:city>Somewhere</v1:city>
        <v1:state>CO</v1:state>
        <v1:zipCode>80021</v1:zipCode>
        <v1:ctry>US</v1:ctry>
        <v1:email>email@email.com</v1:email>
        <v1:ship>
          <v1:fullName>John Doe</v1:fullName>
          <v1:addrLn1>123 1st St.</v1:addrLn1>
          <v1:city>Somewhere</v1:city>
          <v1:state>CO</v1:state>
          <v1:zipCode>80021</v1:zipCode>
          <v1:phone>5555555555</v1:phone>
          <v1:email>email@email.com</v1:email>
        </v1:ship>
      </v1:contact>
      <v1:reqAmt>099</v1:reqAmt>
      <v1:usrDef>
        <v1:name>firstname</v1:name>
        <v1:val>John</v1:val>
      </v1:usrDef>
      <v1:indCode>1</v1:indCode>
      <v1:tranFlags>
        <v1:dupChkTmPrd>6000</v1:dupChkTmPrd>
        <v1:convFeeAcptd>N</v1:convFeeAcptd>
      </v1:tranFlags>
      <v1:tax>
        <v1:idcr>0</v1:idcr>
      </v1:tax>
    </v1:SendTranRequest>
  </soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>

这是我的创建请求和读取响应

 WebRequest webRequest = WebRequest.Create("url");
 HttpWebRequest httpRequest = (HttpWebRequest)webRequest;
 httpRequest.Method = "POST";
 httpRequest.ContentType = "text/xml; charset=utf-8";
 httpRequest.Headers.Add("SOAPAction: http://tempuri.org/");
 httpRequest.ProtocolVersion = HttpVersion.Version11;
 httpRequest.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;

 //build xml

 var xmlWriterSettings = new XmlWriterSettings
    {
        NewLineHandling = NewLineHandling.None,
        Encoding = Encoding.ASCII
    };

    using (var requestStream = httpRequest.GetRequestStream())
    using (var writer = XmlWriter.Create(requestStream, xmlWriterSettings))
    {
        xml.WriteTo(writer);
    }
    //Get the Response    
    HttpWebResponse wr = (HttpWebResponse)httpRequest.GetResponse();
    StreamReader srd = new StreamReader(wr.GetResponseStream());
    string resulXmlFromWebService = srd.ReadToEnd();

Answer 1

我建议看看HttpWebRequest和HttpWebResponse课程.该HttpWebRequest课程将让你定身,头,凭证和其他东西发出请求.而HttpWebResponse应该让你在任何你需要的信息,请阅读.

希望这对一些人有所帮助,但你的问题还不清楚你需要做什么.但是,以下代码将从您已发布请求XML的提供端点下载XML文档.

var requestXml = new XmlDocument();

// build XML request 

var httpRequest = HttpWebRequest.Create("https://www.website.com/");
httpRequest.Method = "POST";
httpRequest.ContentType = "text/xml";

// set appropriate headers

using (var requestStream = httpRequest.GetRequestStream())
{
    requestXml.Save(requestStream);
}

using (var response = (HttpWebResponse)httpRequest.GetResponse())
using (var responseStream = response.GetResponseStream())
{
    // may want to check response.StatusCode to
    // see if the request was successful

    var responseXml = new XmlDocument();
    responseXml.Load(responseStream);
}

至于处理做的东西通过SSL/TLS有你很幸运,.NET会照顾的,对你,你只需要指定https了http在您提供的网址HttpWebRequest.Create.

有一些你构建你的XML的方式,一种方式是使用XElement,XAttribute和XNamespace在中的对象System.Xml.Linq的命名空间.除非你不能使用至少.NET 3.5,我建议使用.由于您在APS.NET 4.0中创建应用程序,因此这应该不是问题.

创建一个XElement并且需要指定命名空间时,首先需要创建一个XNamespace对象.

var ns = XNamespace.Get("http://tempuri.com");
var root = new XElement(ns + "Root", "Body");

这将产生以下XML:

<Root xmlns="http://tempuri.com">Body</Root>

但是,您需要能够指定名称空间前缀.为了做到这一点,你需要先添加一个XAttribute对象,然后XElement首先使用前缀,并通过构造函数指定前缀.

var ns = XNamespace.Get("http://tempuri.com");
var root = new XElement(ns + "Root",
    new XAttribute(XNamespace.Xmlns + "prefix", ns)
    "Body"
);

这将产生以下XML:

<prefix:Root xmlns:prefix="http://tempuri.com">Body</prefix:Root>

以下是使用这些对象构建的XML的一部分.

var id = 9000;
var regKey = "RegistrationKey";
var inType = 1;
var prodType = 5;
var tranCode = 1;

var soapNs = XNamespace.Get("http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/");
var v1Ns = XNamespace.Get("http://postilion/realtime/merchantframework/xsd/v1/");

var xml= new XElement(soapNs + "Envelope",
    new XAttribute(XNamespace.Xmlns + "soapenv", soapNs),
    new XElement(soapNs + "Body",
        new XElement(v1Ns + "SendTranRequest",
            new XAttribute(XNamespace.Xmlns + "v1", v1Ns),
            new XElement(v1Ns + "merc",
                new XElement(v1Ns + "id", id),
                new XElement(v1Ns + "regKey", regKey),
                new XElement(v1Ns + "inType", inType),
                new XElement(v1Ns + "prodType", prodType)
            ),
            new XElement(v1Ns + "tranCode", tranCode)
        )
    )
);

这导致以下XML:

<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
    <soapenv:Body>
        <v1:SendTranRequest xmlns:v1="http://postilion/realtime/merchantframework/xsd/v1/">
            <v1:merc>
                <v1:id>9000</v1:id>
                <v1:regKey>RegistrationKey</v1:regKey>
                <v1:inType>1</v1:inType>
                <v1:prodType>5</v1:prodType>
            </v1:merc>
            <v1:tranCode>1</v1:tranCode>
        </v1:SendTranRequest>
    </soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>

要将XML包含在HttpWebRequestdo 的主体中:

var xmlWriterSettings = new XmlWriterSettings
{
    NewLineHandling = NewLineHandling.None
};

using (var requestStream = httpRequest.GetRequestStream())
using (var writer = XmlWriter.Create(requestStream, xmlWriterSettings))
{
    xml.WriteTo(writer);
}

这里值得注意的一两件事是的创作XmlWriter与XmlWriterSettings,这可以让你不包括XML元素之间的任何空白.如果你需要空格,你可以XmlWriter通过调用来创建XmlWriter.Create(stream)

如果无法使用.NET 3.5或更高版本,则可以使用命名空间中的XmlDocument和XmlElement对象System.Xml.

为了您的目的,构建所需的XML将很容易与XmlDocument和XmlElement,但是这将是更多的代码.要创建一个,XmlElement您需要XmlDocument创建一个对象.该XmlDocument.CreateElement函数有一个重载,允许您指定命名空间前缀和命名空间,这样更直接.

有一点要注意使用XmlDocument,并XmlElement为您将需要手动追加XmlElement它已建成之后,适当的对象.另一件事是你也不能XmlElement在施工期间指定一个体,所以这也需要在创建之后完成.

以这种方式构造XML的操作顺序无关紧要.它主要是确保您将附加XmlElement到右侧父项,并设置InnerText右侧XmlElement对象.

var soapPrefix = "soapenv";
var soapNs = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/";

var v1Prefix = "v1";
var v1Ns = "http://postilion/realtime/merchantframework/xsd/v1/";

var xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();

var envelope = xmlDoc.CreateElement(soapPrefix, "Envelope", soapNs);
xmlDoc.AppendChild(envelope);

var body = xmlDoc.CreateElement(soapPrefix, "Body", soapNs);
envelope.AppendChild(body);

var sendTranRequest = xmlDoc.CreateElement(v1Prefix, "SendTranRequest", v1Ns);
body.AppendChild(sendTranRequest);

var merc = xmlDoc.CreateElement(v1Prefix, "merc", v1Ns);
sendTranRequest.AppendChild(merc);

var idElement = xmlDoc.CreateElement(v1Prefix, "id", v1Ns);
idElement.InnerText = id.ToString();
merc.AppendChild(idElement);

var regKeyElement = xmlDoc.CreateElement(v1Prefix, "regKey", v1Ns);
regKeyElement.InnerText = regKey;
merc.AppendChild(regKeyElement);

var inTypeElement = xmlDoc.CreateElement(v1Prefix, "inType", v1Ns);
inTypeElement.InnerText = inType.ToString();
merc.AppendChild(inTypeElement);

var prodTypeElement = xmlDoc.CreateElement(v1Prefix, "prodType", v1Ns);
prodTypeElement.InnerText = prodType.ToString();
merc.AppendChild(prodTypeElement);

var tranCodeElement = xmlDoc.CreateElement(v1Prefix, "tranCode", v1Ns);
tranCodeElement.InnerText = tranCode.ToString();
sendTranRequest.AppendChild(tranCodeElement);

这导致与上面相同的XML.

使用XmlDocument构造XML请求时,XmlDocument.Save可以使用两个函数来实现.一个接受Stream另一个接受a XmlWriter.如果你可以省略空格,请使用接受a的重载XmlWriter并将其添加到HttpWebRequest:

using (var requestStream = httpRequest.GetRequestStream())
using (var writer = XmlWriter.Create(requestStream, xmlWriterSettings))
{
    xmlDoc.Save(writer);
}

如果您需要包含空格使用:

using (var requestStream = httpRequest.GetRequestStream())
{
    xmlDoc.Save(requestStream);
}