制作一个带有空心圆形的圆形条形图(又名赛道图)

Question

我被要求重新创建以下风格的情节.(请忽略这是否是一种良好的可视化类型的问题,并将此视为在数字表中添加彩色元素.)

大部分都很简单,但我还没有找到一个让中心空洞的好方法.为了节省时间,我可能会采用添加隐形虚拟数据的方法(如果没有其他人这样做,我会发布该方法,但它似乎不如修改主题的方法更优化).是否有基于主题的解决方案或非ggplot2 R解决方案？

我们在模仿的是什么

简单的ggplot2结果(不需要的填充中心)

library(ggplot2)

# make sample dataframe

Category <- c("Electronics", "Appliances", "Books", "Music", "Clothing", 
            "Cars", "Food/Beverages", "Personal Hygiene", 
            "Personal Health/OTC", "Hair Care")
Percent <- c(81, 77, 70, 69, 69, 68, 62, 62, 61, 60)

internetImportance<-data.frame(Category,Percent)

# append number to category name
internetImportance$Category <-
     paste0(internetImportance$Category," - ",internetImportance$Percent,"%")

# set factor so it will plot in descending order 
internetImportance$Category <-
    factor(internetImportance$Category, 
    levels=rev(internetImportance$Category))

# plot

ggplot(internetImportance, aes(x = Category, y = Percent,
    fill = Category)) + 
    geom_bar(width = 0.9, stat="identity") + 
    coord_polar(theta = "y") +
    xlab("") + ylab("") +
    ylim(c(0,100)) +
    ggtitle("Top Product Categories Influenced by Internet") +
    geom_text(data = internetImportance, hjust = 1, size = 3,
              aes(x = Category, y = 0, label = Category)) +
    theme_minimal() +
    theme(legend.position = "none",
          panel.grid.major = element_blank(),
          panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
          axis.line = element_blank(),
          axis.text.y = element_blank(),
          axis.text.x = element_blank(),
          axis.ticks = element_blank())

我们如何用空心中心绘制这些数据？

Answer 1

这是一个使用该plotrix包的非ggplot2(基本R图形)解决方案,它包含两个不错的功能:draw.circle()和draw.arc():

circBarPlot <- function(x, labels, colors=rainbow(length(x)), cex.lab=1) {
  require(plotrix)
  plot(0,xlim=c(-1.1,1.1),ylim=c(-1.1,1.1),type="n",axes=F, xlab=NA, ylab=NA)
  radii <- seq(1, 0.3, length.out=length(x))
  draw.circle(0,0,radii,border="lightgrey")
  angles <- (1/4 - x)*2*pi
  draw.arc(0, 0, radii, angles, pi/2, col=colors, lwd=130/length(x), lend=2, n=100)
  ymult <- (par("usr")[4]-par("usr")[3])/(par("usr")[2]-par("usr")[1])*par("pin")[1]/par("pin")[2]
  text(x=-0.02, y=radii*ymult, labels=paste(labels," - ", x*100, "%", sep=""), pos=2, cex=cex.lab)
}

circBarPlot(Percent/100, Category)
text(0,0,"GLOBAL",cex=1.5,col="grey")

它给了我:

Answer 2

我认为立即修复是创建一些"空"条目.我会internetImportance像这样创建data.frame:

Category <- c("Electronics", "Appliances", "Books", "Music", "Clothing", 
        "Cars", "Food/Beverages", "Personal Hygiene", 
        "Personal Health/OTC", "Hair Care")
Percent <- c(81, 77, 70, 69, 69, 68, 62, 62, 61, 60)

internetImportance <- data.frame(Category,Percent)

len <- 4
df2 <- data.frame(Category = letters[1:len], Percent = rep(0, len), 
                                 Category2 = rep("", len))
internetImportance$Category2 <- 
 paste0(internetImportance$Category," - ",internetImportance$Percent,"%")

# append number to category name
internetImportance <- rbind(internetImportance, df2)

# set factor so it will plot in descending order 
internetImportance$Category <-
    factor(internetImportance$Category, 
    levels=rev(internetImportance$Category))

然后我会绘制ggplot2有fill=category2如下:

ggplot(internetImportance, aes(x = Category, y = Percent,
    fill = Category2)) + 
    geom_bar(width = 0.9, stat="identity") + 
    coord_polar(theta = "y") +
    xlab("") + ylab("") +
    ylim(c(0,100)) +
    ggtitle("Top Product Categories Influenced by Internet") +
    geom_text(data = internetImportance, hjust = 1, size = 3,
              aes(x = Category, y = 0, label = Category2)) +
    theme_minimal() +
    theme(legend.position = "none",
          panel.grid.major = element_blank(),
          panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
          axis.line = element_blank(),
          axis.text.y = element_blank(),
          axis.text.x = element_blank(),
          axis.ticks = element_blank())

这给了我:

您可以添加geom_text(label="GLOBAL", x=.5, y=.5, size=4) +之前theme_minimal添加文本GLOBAL.

Answer 3

另一个base不依赖于plotrix包的解决方案:

circular.barplot<-function(values, labels, col, cex){
    df<-data.frame(values=sort(values), labels=labels[order(values)])
    col<-col[order(values)]
    plot(NA,xlim=c(-1.3,1.3),ylim=c(-1.3,1.3),axes=F, xlab=NA, ylab=NA, asp=1)
    t<-sapply(df$values,function(x).5*pi-seq(0, 2*pi*x/100,length=1000))
    x<-sapply(1:nrow(df),function(x)(.3+x/nrow(df))*cos(t[,x]))
    y<-sapply(1:nrow(df),function(x)(.3+x/nrow(df))*sin(t[,x]))
    for(i in 1:nrow(df)){
        lines(x=x[,i],y=y[,i],col=col[i],lwd=10,lend=1)
        text(x[1,i],y[1,i],paste(df$labels[i]," - ",df$values[i],"%",sep=""),
             pos=2,cex=cex)
        }
    }