Thawte 证书“无法验证签名中的证书”

Question

我需要使用company.pfx 中存储的证书对Application.exe 文件进行签名。所以，我使用了signtool：

signtool.exe sign /p password /f company.pfx /t http://timestamp.verisign.com/scripts/timestamp.dll /v Application.exe

The following certificate was selected:
    Issued to: Company, Inc.
    Issued by: Thawte Code Signing CA - G2
    Expires:   Wed Aug 27 02:59:59 2014
    SHA1 hash: A2A0BD7C4516BF8C88AECC3A568CE9BB5D63902D

Done Adding Additional Store
Successfully signed and timestamped: App1_old.exe

Number of files successfully Signed: 1
Number of warnings: 0
Number of errors: 0

Signtool 说没有错误。但在数字签名详细信息中，有一条消息“无法验证签名中的证书”。并且没有认证路径。

在“详细信息”中，有一个属性“扩展错误信息”，表示“吊销状态：吊销功能无法检查吊销，因为吊销服务器已离线”。

应用程序.exe图像

为了调查这个问题，我在应用程序上使用了 sigcheck（-a key），它显示“已验证：无法为受信任的根颁发机构构建证书链。”

然后我将 pfx 文件导入存储库，看起来证书没问题。

证书图片

我在 stackoverflow 上搜索了有关我的主题的信息，找到了一些链接，它很有帮助。

如何使用我的证书链创建 PFX？

如何使用代码签名证书对 ActiveX 控件进行签名并成为经过验证的发布者？

解决方案是从 pfx 中提取证书（使用 OpenSSL）并使用 /ac 参数应用它

openssl pkcs12 -in company.pfx -out company_cl.pem -nodes -clcerts
openssl x509 -in company_cl.pem -out company_cl.cer -outform DER
signtool sign /ac company_cl.cer /p password  /f company.pfx /t http://timestamp.verisign.com/scripts/timstamp.dll /v Application.exe

The following certificate was selected:
    Issued to: Company, Inc.
    Issued by: Thawte Code Signing CA - G2
    Expires:   Wed Aug 27 02:59:59 2014
    SHA1 hash: A2A0BD7C4516BF8C88AECC3A568CE9BB5D63902D

Cross certificate chain (using machine store):
    Issued to: thawte Primary Root CA
    Issued by: thawte Primary Root CA
    Expires:   Thu Jul 17 02:59:59 2036
    SHA1 hash: 91C6D6EE3E8AC86384E548C299295C756C817B81

        Issued to: Thawte Code Signing CA - G2
        Issued by: thawte Primary Root CA
        Expires:   Sat Feb 08 02:59:59 2020
        SHA1 hash: 808D62642B7D1C4A9A83FD667F7A2A9D243FB1C7

            Issued to: Company, Inc.
            Issued by: Thawte Code Signing CA - G2
            Expires:   Wed Aug 27 02:59:59 2014
            SHA1 hash: A2A0BD7C4516BF8C88AECC3A568CE9BB5D63902D

Done Adding Additional Store
Successfully signed and timestamped: Application.exe

Number of files successfully Signed: 1
Number of warnings: 0
Number of errors: 0

现在“数字安全详细信息”中的消息是“数字签名正常”。

但我不明白为什么我需要使用 /ac 参数。有人有什么想法吗？

---

已编辑。

我已经使用 Application.exe 验证了该应用程序的第一个版本（不带 /ac），它为我提供了更多信息：

signtool.exe verify /v /kp Application.exe

Verifying: Application.exe
Hash of file (sha1): 5CBB228F4F206C65AAC829ACF40C297F291FE0A7

Signing Certificate Chain:
    Issued to: Company, Inc.
    Issued by: Thawte Code Signing CA - G2
    Expires:   Wed Aug 27 02:59:59 2014
    SHA1 hash: A2A0BD7C4516BF8C88AECC3A568CE9BB5D63902D

The signature is timestamped: Fri Mar 29 18:42:56 2013
Timestamp Verified by:
    Issued to: Thawte Timestamping CA
    Issued by: Thawte Timestamping CA
    Expires:   Fri Jan 01 02:59:59 2021
    SHA1 hash: BE36A4562FB2EE05DBB3D32323ADF445084ED656

        Issued to: Symantec Time Stamping Services CA - G2
        Issued by: Thawte Timestamping CA
        Expires:   Thu Dec 31 02:59:59 2020
        SHA1 hash: 6C07453FFDDA08B83707C09B82FB3D15F35336B1

            Issued to: Symantec Time Stamping Services Signer - G4
            Issued by: Symantec Time Stamping Services CA - G2
            Expires:   Wed Dec 30 02:59:59 2020
            SHA1 hash: 65439929B67973EB192D6FF243E6767ADF0834E4

SignTool Error: WinVerifyTrust returned error: 0x800B010A
        A certificate chain could not be built to a trusted root authority.

Number of files successfully Verified: 0
Number of warnings: 0
Number of errors: 1

“无法为受信任的根颁发机构构建证书链。” 但为什么？

Answer 1

我找到了一篇关于使用 Thawte 证书签署文件的文章： http://codingexpedition.wordpress.com/2011/04/21/thawte-code-signing-pfx/

似乎/ac signtool 选项始终是必需的。因此，我已将 Thawte 证书提取到 .cer 文件中，并使用 /ac 参数应用它。

openssl pkcs12 -in company.pfx -out company_ca.pem -nokeys -cacerts
openssl x509 -in company_ca.pem -out company_ca.cer -outform DER
signtool sign /ac company_ca.cer /p password /f company.pfx /t timeserver /v Application.exe

而且效果很好！