公共页面元素 - 它们可以被继承吗？

Question

在 Cucumber/Watir-webdriver/page-object 环境中，我需要验证常见页眉和页脚链接的存在和功能。虽然这些都应该是相同的并且有效，但我想将它们包含在所有相关页面上。

我正在尝试保持 DRY 编码，并希望最大限度地减少识别 Web 应用程序上共享的页眉/页脚元素所需的次数。

我想我可以通过在 support/ 文件夹中包含一些“common_links.rb”来做到这一点：

module CommonLinks
  include PageObject
  # Header links
  link(:log_out_header_link, :text => "Log Out")
  link(:logo, :id => "logo")

  #Logged in nav links
  div(:nav, :id => "globalnav_wrapper")
  nav.link(:nav_activities, :href => "/activities/")

  # Footer Links
  link(:contact_us_footer, :text => "CONTACT US")

  # Social Media Links
  link(:social_twitter, :id => "soc_twitter")
  link(:social_facebook, :id => "soc_fb")
  link(:social_pinterest, :id => "soc_pin")
  link(:social_google_plus, :id => "soc_gplus")
  link(:social_youtube, :id => "soc_yt")

end

我正在尝试将上述内容包含在support/pages/activities_page.rb. 当我尝试加载调用此功能的黄瓜功能时，出现以下错误：

/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/page-object-0.8.6.1/lib/page-object/accessors.rb:1110:in `block (2 levels) in <module:Accessors>'
/Users/user_name/svn/watir/cukes/client/features/support/common_links.rb:12:in `<module:CommonLinks>'
/Users/user_name/svn/watir/cukes/client/features/support/common_links.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/cucumber-1.2.1/lib/cucumber/rb_support/rb_language.rb:129:in `load'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/cucumber-1.2.1/lib/cucumber/rb_support/rb_language.rb:129:in `load_code_file'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/cucumber-1.2.1/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:171:in `load_file'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/cucumber-1.2.1/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:83:in `block in load_files!'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/cucumber-1.2.1/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:82:in `each'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/cucumber-1.2.1/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:82:in `load_files!'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/cucumber-1.2.1/lib/cucumber/runtime.rb:175:in `load_step_definitions'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/cucumber-1.2.1/lib/cucumber/runtime.rb:40:in `run!'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/cucumber-1.2.1/lib/cucumber/cli/main.rb:43:in `execute!'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/cucumber-1.2.1/lib/cucumber/cli/main.rb:20:in `execute'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/cucumber-1.2.1/bin/cucumber:14:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/cucumber:23:in `load'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/cucumber:23:in `<main>'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/ruby_noexec_wrapper:14:in `eval'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/ruby_noexec_wrapper:14:in `<main>'

我还尝试创建一个“CommonPage”类，并从中继承，但我收到了一个未初始化的常量错误。CommonPage 类与模块相同。

/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/page-object-0.8.6.1/lib/page-object/accessors.rb:1110:in `block (2 levels) in <module:Accessors>'
/Users/user_name/svn/watir/cukes/client/features/support/common_links.rb:12:in `<module:CommonLinks>'
/Users/user_name/svn/watir/cukes/client/features/support/common_links.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/cucumber-1.2.1/lib/cucumber/rb_support/rb_language.rb:129:in `load'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/cucumber-1.2.1/lib/cucumber/rb_support/rb_language.rb:129:in `load_code_file'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/cucumber-1.2.1/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:171:in `load_file'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/cucumber-1.2.1/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:83:in `block in load_files!'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/cucumber-1.2.1/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:82:in `each'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/cucumber-1.2.1/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:82:in `load_files!'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/cucumber-1.2.1/lib/cucumber/runtime.rb:175:in `load_step_definitions'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/cucumber-1.2.1/lib/cucumber/runtime.rb:40:in `run!'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/cucumber-1.2.1/lib/cucumber/cli/main.rb:43:in `execute!'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/cucumber-1.2.1/lib/cucumber/cli/main.rb:20:in `execute'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/cucumber-1.2.1/bin/cucumber:14:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/cucumber:23:in `load'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/cucumber:23:in `<main>'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/ruby_noexec_wrapper:14:in `eval'
/Users/user_name/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/ruby_noexec_wrapper:14:in `<main>'

尝试使用这两种方法中的任何一种都没有成功。

有没有人成功地在一个文件/模块/类中声明公共链接（如页眉/页脚），然后从另一个类中使用它们？

任何方向将不胜感激。

Answer 1

可以从父类继承或包含模块。

例如，我做了以下测试，其中页面对象从父类继承。它按预期运行。

测试功能

Feature: Search

    Scenario: Set google search field
    When google search field set

支持\pages.rb

require 'watir-webdriver'
require 'page-object'

class CommonPage
    include PageObject

    text_field(:search, :name => 'q')
end

class PageA < CommonPage

end

步骤\步骤.rb

When /google search field set/ do
    b = Watir::Browser.new
    b.goto 'www.google.ca'
    page = PageA.new(b)
    page.search = 'test'    
end

将 CommonPage 作为模块包含在 PageA 中时，类似的工作。

可能的问题

异常与我的预期不符，但可能是由于以下行：

nav.link(:nav_activities, :href => "/activities/")

据我所知并尝试过，这是行不通的。nav将是未定义的。我想你想做（请注意，我认为你也想要一个正则表达式而不是一个字符串）：

link(:nav_activities){ search.link(:href => /activities/) }