django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured:加载MySQLdb模块时出错:

Question

我正在关注django教程,很多人都提出了这个问题,但我认为我的情况有点独特,因为安装python-mysql后,当我尝试做python manage.py syncdb时仍然会出现此错误,

我在virtualenv,因为我使用macports来管理我的python安装我创建了virtualenv

virtualenv code/vdjango --no-site-packages --python=/opt/local/bin/python

在使用macports之前我安装了django py27-django,但是在创建了我的virtualenv之后,我认为我将django安装到virtualenv上更好,所以我使用了pip install django==1.5

根据django教程,我编辑了我的settings.py文件,然后执行python manage.py syncdb,最后出现以下错误:

[~/code/vdjango/newsite]$python manage.py syncdb
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 453, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 392, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 272, in fetch_command
    klass = load_command_class(app_name, subcommand)
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 77, in load_command_class
    module = import_module('%s.management.commands.%s' % (app_name, name))
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
    __import__(name)
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/syncdb.py", line 8, in <module>
    from django.core.management.sql import custom_sql_for_model, emit_post_sync_signal
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/sql.py", line 9, in <module>
    from django.db import models
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 40, in <module>
    backend = load_backend(connection.settings_dict['ENGINE'])
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 34, in __getattr__
    return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item)
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 93, in __getitem__
    backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 27, in load_backend
    return import_module('.base', backend_name)
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
    __import__(name)
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 17, in <module>
    raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading MySQLdb module: %s" % e)
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading MySQLdb module: dlopen(/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so, 2): Library not loaded: libmysqlclient.18.dylib
  Referenced from: /Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so
  Reason: image not found

为了确认我已经安装了python-mysql包,我再次运行了pip安装,

(vdjango)mac-pro@localhost:[~/code/vdjango/newsite]$pip install python-mysqldb
Downloading/unpacking python-mysqldb
  Could not find any downloads that satisfy the requirement python-mysqldb
No distributions at all found for python-mysqldb
Storing complete log in /Users/mac-pro/.pip/pip.log

那么这里发生了什么？看起来我有我需要进一步完成教程的一切,但有些python/django抱怨没有mysqldb.

Answer 1

我的libmysqlclient.18.dylib位于/ usr/local/mysql/lib /,但我的系统在/ usr/lib /中查找它.我最终在/ usr/lib中创建了libmysqlclient.18.dylib的符号链接来修复问题.

1.)确保/ usr/local/mysql/lib /中存在libmysqlclient.18.dylib.

打开你的shell.

sudo -s
ls /usr/local/mysql/lib/ | grep libmysqlclient.18.dylib

你应该看到文件:

libmysqlclient.18.dylib

如果没有,请在系统中搜索文件的位置:

find / -name libmysqlclient.18.dylib

2.)在/ usr/lib中创建libmysqlclient.18.dylib的符号链接

在shell中输入以下命令:

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib

如果您的libmysqlclient.18.dylib文件不在/ usr/local/mysql/lib中,请使用libmysqlclient.18.dylib的正确路径替换第一个路径.

希望这会有所帮助.