django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured:加载MySQLdb模块时出错:没有名为MySQLdb的模块

Question

尝试连接到mysql的数据库时我面临的问题.我还提供了我使用过的数据库设置.

 Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
 execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
 File "/home/ar/Desktop/test/testprac/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 453, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/home/ar/Desktop/test/testprac/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 392, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/home/ar/Desktop/test/testprac/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 272, in fetch_command
klass = load_command_class(app_name, subcommand)
File "/home/ar/Desktop/test/testprac/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 77, in load_command_class
module = import_module('%s.management.commands.%s' % (app_name, name))
File "/home/arundhati/Desktop/test/testprac/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
__import__(name)
File "/home/ar/Desktop/test/testprac/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/syncdb.py", line 8, in <module>
from django.core.management.sql import custom_sql_for_model, emit_post_sync_signal
File "/home/ar/Desktop/test/testprac/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/sql.py", line 9, in <module>
from django.db import models
File "/home/ar/Desktop/test/testprac/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 40, in <module>
backend = load_backend(connection.settings_dict['ENGINE'])
File "/home/ar/Desktop/test/testprac/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 34, in __getattr__
return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item)
File "/home/ar/Desktop/test/testprac/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 93, in __getitem__
backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
File "/home/ar/Desktop/test/testprac/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 27, in load_backend
return import_module('.base', backend_name)
File "/home/ar/Desktop/test/testprac/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
__import__(name)
File "/home/ar/Desktop/test/testprac/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 17, in <module>
raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading MySQLdb module: %s" % e)
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading MySQLdb module: No module named MySQLdb

数据库设置::

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql', # Add 'postgresql_psycopg2', 'mysql', 'sqlite3' or 'oracle'.
        'NAME': 'ar_test_db',                      # Or path to database file if using 
        # The following settings are not used with sqlite3:
        'USER': '',
        'PASSWORD': '',
        'HOST': '',                      # Empty for localhost through domain sockets or   '127.0.0.1' for localhost through TCP.
        'PORT': '',                      # Set to empty string for default.
    }
}

非常感谢您的帮助 !!

Answer 1

看起来你没有安装python mysql包,试试:

pip install mysql-python

或者如果不使用虚拟环境(在*nix主机上):

sudo pip install mysql-python

Answer 2

你必须安装python-mysqldb - MySQL的Python接口

尝试
sudo apt-get install python-mysqldb

Answer 3

如果您尝试使用pip安装mysqlclient时出错,则可能缺少mysql开发库.通过运行安装它:

apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev

并再次尝试安装mysqlclient:

pip install mysqlclient

Answer 4

当我在Mac OS X Mountain Lion中使用python,mysql,sequel pro应用程序为PyCharm设置Django开发环境时,我得到的错误与此主题的所有者相同.但是,对于那些在Mac OS Mountain Lion x86_x64下运行python-mysqldb的人的答案(MySql和Python也应该是相同的架构)并且已经尝试了所有像pip等等.为了解决这个问题,请执行以下步骤:

1. 从这里下载MySql for Python
2. Untar下载文件.在终端窗口中执行以下操作:tar xvfz downloade.tar.
3. cd /到untared目录
4. 运行sudo python setup.py install

5. 如果你得到这样的错误:"环境错误:找不到/ usr/local/bin/mysql_config"然后尝试添加路径屁股如下:"export PATH = $ PATH:/ usr/local/mysql/bin".但是id对我没有帮助,我找到了另一个解决方案.在命令执行错误输出结束时,如下所示:

   文件"/path_to_file/MySQL-python-1.2.4b4/setup_posix.py",第25行,在mysql_config中引发EnvironmentError("%s not found"%(mysql_config.path,))

6. 用vim打开setup_posix.py并转到第25行(在你的情况下它可以是不同的,除非它是相同的版本).

7. 编辑后第25行应如下所示,除非你的mysql有符号链接,如下面的'/ usr/local/mysql/bin /':

   f = popen("%s --%s" % ('/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config', what))

8. 在此之后我得到另一个错误如下:

   django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured:加载MySQLdb模块时出错:dlopen(/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/MySQL_python-1.2.4b4-py2.7-macosx-10.8-intel.egg/_mysql.so,2) :未加载库:libmysqlclient.18.dylib引自:/ Library /Python/2.7/site-packages/MySQL_python-1.2.4b4-py2.7-macosx-10.8-intel.egg/_mysql.so原因:未找到图像

9. 最后我在控制台中关注了:

   sudo ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib

目前一切正常.所以我希望它会对使用Mac的人有所帮助.:)

Answer 5

我的答案类似于@ Ron-E,但我还有一些错误/更正,所以我在Mavericks和Python 2.7.6上为Mac OSX做了以下步骤.

1. 安装Python mysql包(如果收到成功消息,则忽略以下步骤)

   pip install mysql-python
   

2. 当我做了上述操作时,我收到错误"EnvironmentError:mysql_config not found" 为了解决这个问题,我在终端进行了以下操作:

   export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
   

3. 当我重新开始第1步时,我收到一个新错误"错误:命令'cc'失败,退出状态为1" 为了解决这个问题,我在终端进行了以下操作:

    export CFLAGS=-Qunused-arguments
    export CPPFLAGS=-Qunused-arguments
   

4. 我重新开始第1步并获得成功消息'Successfully installed mysql-python'!

Answer 6

如果您使用的是Python 3.4或更高版本，则必须安装

sudo apt-get install python3-dev libmysqlclient-dev 

在您的终端中。然后安装pip install mysqlclient在您的虚拟环境或安装 pip 的位置。

Answer 7

这是因为它没有找到 sql 连接器。尝试：

pip install mysqlclient

Answer 8

从Windows环境下载并安装Mysql-python. http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#mysql-python.

Answer 9

你错过了python mysqldb库.使用此命令(对于Debian/Ubuntu)来安装它: sudo apt-get install python-mysqldb

Answer 10

我在这种环境下解决了这个问题：

$ pyenv --version
pyenv 1.2.9

$ python --version
Python 3.7.2

$ python -m django --version
2.1.7

./settings.py

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'NAME': 'my_db_name',
        'ENGINE': 'mysql.connector.django',   # 'django.db.backends.mysql'
        'USER': '<user>',
        'PASSWORD': '<pass>',
        'HOST': 'localhost',
        'PORT': 3306,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'autocommit': True,
        },
    }
}

如果使用'ENGINE': 'mysql.connector.django'，安装驱动程序执行：

$ pip install mysql-connector-python
Successfully installed mysql-connector-python-8.0.15 protobuf-3.7.0 six-1.12.0

请注意，这$ pip install mysql-python对我不起作用。

请注意，如果您使用 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql'，您应该安装驱动程序执行：
$ pip install mysqlclient

最后执行：
$ python manage.py migrate

如果没问题，python 会创建所有这些表 id 数据库：

auth_group
auth_group_permissions
auth_permission
auth_user
auth_user_groups
auth_user_user_permissions
django_admin_log
django_content_type
django_migrations
django_session

Answer 11

对于 Ubuntu 16.04 和 18.04 或 python 3 版本

sudo apt-get install python3-mysqldb