ssh无法在文件〜/ .ssh/config中使用IdentityFile配置

Question

客户端:Mac 10.8,服务器:Ubuntu 10.04 LTS 64bit

我使用' ssh-keygen -t rsa '生成公钥/私钥.

首先,我输入:ssh -i /Users/phenix/.ssh/poponet_rsa root@popo.net,我可以使用私钥"poponet_rsa"登录服务器

接下来,我创建一个配置文件:/Users/phenix/.ssh/config,内容如下:

Host popo
    Hostname popo.net
    User root
    PreferredAuthentications publickey
    IdentityFile /Users/phenix/.ssh/poponet_rsa

我输入ssh root@popo.net,终端问我密码.

接下来,我将poponet_rsa文件名更改为id_rsa,并输入ssh root@popo.net,好的,我登录.

我的问题:ssh不能在文件〜/ .ssh/config中使用IdentityFile配置,为什么？

$ ssh -vvv root@popo.net
OpenSSH_5.9p1, OpenSSL 0.9.8r 8 Feb 2011
debug1: Reading configuration data /Users/phenix/.ssh/config
debug1: /Users/phenix/.ssh/config line 1: Applying options for popo.net
debug1: /Users/phenix/.ssh/config line 2: Applying options for popo.net
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh_config line 20: Applying options for *
debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0
debug1: Connecting to popo.net [111.111.111.111] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug3: Incorrect RSA1 identifier
debug3: Could not load "/Users/phenix/.ssh/id_rsa" as a RSA1 public key
debug1: identity file /Users/phenix/.ssh/id_rsa type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/phenix/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/phenix/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/phenix/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.3p1 Debian-3ubuntu7
debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.3p1 Debian-3ubuntu7 pat OpenSSH*
debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.9
debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK
debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "popo.net" from file "/Users/phenix/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type RSA in file /Users/phenix/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys
debug3: order_hostkeyalgs: prefer hostkeyalgs: ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-rsa-cert-v00@openssh.com,ssh-rsa
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: **too much init, i delete them.**
debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5
debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none
debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5
debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP
debug2: dh_gen_key: priv key bits set: 135/256
debug2: bits set: 468/1024
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY
debug1: Server host key: RSA xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "popo.net" from file "/Users/phenix/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type RSA in file /Users/phenix/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys
debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "111.111.111.111" from file "/Users/phenix/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type RSA in file /Users/phenix/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys
debug1: Host 'popo.net' is known and matches the RSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /Users/phenix/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug2: bits set: 516/1024
debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct
debug2: kex_derive_keys
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug1: Roaming not allowed by server
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent
debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug2: key: /Users/phenix/.ssh/id_rsa (0x0)
debug2: key: /Users/phenix/.ssh/id_dsa (0x0)
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password
debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,password
debug3: preferred publickey,keyboard-interactive,password
debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey
debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password
debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Trying private key: /Users/phenix/.ssh/id_rsa
debug1: key_parse_private_pem: PEM_read_PrivateKey failed
debug1: read PEM private key done: type <unknown>
debug2: no passphrase given, try next key
debug1: Trying private key: /Users/phenix/.ssh/id_dsa
debug3: no such identity: /Users/phenix/.ssh/id_dsa
debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method
debug3: authmethod_lookup password
debug3: remaining preferred: ,password
debug3: authmethod_is_enabled password
debug1: Next authentication method: password
root@popo.net's password: 

Answer 1

我在这里找到了我的问题的答案:https://superuser.com/a/436015.

简而言之,IdentitiesOnly yes需要在主机或全局SSH客户端配置上指定,否则,也可能尝试使用未指定的密钥,包括ssh-agentif中的密钥.

Answer 2

我认为答案在于.ssh/config文件机制。

如果您尝试ssh root@popo，它应该可以工作。

该命令ssh name@host首先匹配host中的Host字段.ssh/config，而不是HostName子字段。

这让我困惑了好几个星期......

Answer 3

如果您的 ~/.ssh/config 全部在一行上（正如您的帖子所建议的），如下所示：

Host popo Hostname popo.net User root PreferredAuthentications publickey IdentityFile /Users/phenix/.ssh/poponet_rsa

那么那是行不通的。您需要将每个指令分成自己的行，如下所示：

Host popo
Hostname popo.net
User root
PreferredAuthentications publickey
IdentityFile /Users/phenix/.ssh/poponet_rsa