joe*_*han 9 java swing timer event-dispatch-thread
为了SwingTimer准确,我喜欢@Tony Docherty On CR提出的逻辑和例子.这是链接.
为了突出显示给定的单词,一次又一次,总会有几微秒的延迟.如果我要突出显示单词:"你好怎么样",每个单词的值分别为(延迟):200,300,400 ms,那么计时器的实际时间总是更多.说而不是200毫秒,它需要216毫秒.像这样,如果我有很多话......最后,额外的延迟是显而易见的.
我必须强调每个字母说:'h''''''''''0'每个应该得到200 /长度(即5)=约40毫秒.设置每个字母后的延迟.
我的逻辑是,在当前时间说startTime,就在开始这个过程之前.另外,计算totalDelaytotalDelay + = delay/.length().
现在检查条件:( startTime+totalDelay-System.currentTime)如果这是-ve,这意味着时间消耗更多,所以跳过这封信.检查直到有一个正的延迟.这意味着我要添加时间到现在,并用它开始时的过程所花费的时间差来检查它.
这可能导致跳过以突出显示字母.
但有些事情是错的.什么,我很难说出来.这可能是循环事情的一些问题.我已经看到它进入循环(检查时间是否为-ve)只是两次.但事实并非如此.而且我也不确定是否会设置下一次延迟.有任何想法吗？
这是一个SSCCE:
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextPane;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
import javax.swing.Timer;
import javax.swing.text.BadLocationException;
import javax.swing.text.DefaultStyledDocument;
import javax.swing.text.StyleConstants;
import javax.swing.text.StyledDocument;
public class Reminder {
private static final String TEXT = "arey chod chaad ke apnee saleem ki gali anarkali disco chalo";
private static final String[] WORDS = TEXT.split(" ");
private JFrame frame;
private Timer timer;
private StyledDocument doc;
private JTextPane textpane;
private int[] times = new int[100];
private long totalDelay=0,startTime=0;
private int stringIndex = 0;
private int index = 0;
public void startColoring() {
times[0]=100;times[9]=200;times[10]=200;times[11]=200;times[12]=200;
times[1]=400;times[2]=300;times[3]=900;times[4]=1000;times[5]=600;times[6]=200;times[7]=700;times[8]=700;
ActionListener actionListener = new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent actionEvent)
{
doc.setCharacterAttributes(stringIndex, 1, textpane.getStyle("Red"), true);
stringIndex++;
try {
if (stringIndex >= doc.getLength() || doc.getText(stringIndex, 1).equals(" ")|| doc.getText(stringIndex, 1).equals("\n"))
{
index++;
}
if (index < WORDS.length) {
double delay = times[index];
totalDelay+=delay/WORDS[index].length();
/*Check if there is no -ve delay, and you are running according to the time*/
/*The problem is here I think. It's just entered this twice*/
while(totalDelay+startTime-System.currentTimeMillis()<0)
{
totalDelay+=delay/WORDS[index].length();
stringIndex++;
/*this may result into the end of current word, jump to next word.*/
if (stringIndex >= doc.getLength() || doc.getText(stringIndex, 1).equals(" ") || doc.getText(stringIndex, 1).equals("\n"))
{
index += 1;
totalDelay+=delay/WORDS[index].length();
}
}
timer.setDelay((int)(totalDelay+startTime-System.currentTimeMillis()));
}
else {
timer.stop();
System.err.println("Timer stopped");
}
} catch (BadLocationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
};
startTime=System.currentTimeMillis();
timer = new Timer(times[index], actionListener);
timer.setInitialDelay(0);
timer.start();
}
public void initUI() {
frame = new JFrame();
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
JPanel panel = new JPanel();
doc = new DefaultStyledDocument();
textpane = new JTextPane(doc);
textpane.setText(TEXT);
javax.swing.text.Style style = textpane.addStyle("Red", null);
StyleConstants.setForeground(style, Color.RED);
panel.add(textpane);
frame.add(panel);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String args[]) throws InterruptedException, InvocationTargetException {
SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
Reminder reminder = new Reminder();
reminder.initUI();
reminder.startColoring();
}
});
}
}
更新:
为了更好地理解:
@Tony Docherty给出的EG:
让我们用"测试"这个词说它需要突出显示1秒钟,因此每个字母突出显示250毫秒.以你原来的方式做事,确实意味着你为每个字母设置一个250ms的计时器但是如果每个周期实际上花了260ms并且让'e'循环花费400ms(可能是由于GC或其他使用CPU周期)结束这个词你需要比你应该的时间多180分钟.将继续为每个单词构建此错误,直到错误如此之大,突出显示不再在视觉上同步.
我正在尝试的方式,而不是反复说这个字母需要突出显示x个时间量,计算每个字母相对于序列开头的时间,即T = 250,e = 500,s = 750,t = 1000.
因此,要获得实际的时间延迟,您需要添加开始时间并减去当前时间.使用上面给出的时间来运行示例:
StartTime Letter Offset CurrentTime Delay ActualTimeTaken
100000 T 250 100010 240 250
100000 e 500 100260 240 400
100000 s 750 100660 90 100
100000 t 1000 100760 240 250
所以你现在应该能够看到每个字母的时间被调整,以考虑到前一个字母的任何超时时间.当然,时间超限是如此之大,以至于您必须跳过突出显示下一个字母(或者可能超过1),但至少我将保持大致同步.
编辑SSCCE
UPDATE2
在第一阶段,我采用每个单词的时间.也就是说,当用户按下ESC键时,会为特定单词存储时间(他在背景中播放歌曲时会这样做.)按下ESC键时,当前单词会突出显示,当前单词会占用当前单词. word存储在一个数组中.我一直在存储时间.当用户结束时,现在我想根据设置的时间突出显示单词.所以在这里,用户的时机非常重要.如果时间很快,那么单词的突出显示也会很快,反之亦然.
新的更新:进展
下面的答案有不同的逻辑,但令我惊讶的是,它们或多或少相同.我发现所有逻辑(包括我的)的一个非常非常奇怪的问题是它们似乎完美地用于几行,但在那之后它们获得了速度,这也不是很慢,但是有很大的差异.
此外,如果您认为我应该以不同的方式思考,您的建议将受到高度赞赏.
我认为要做这样的事情,你需要一个以恒定速率(例如15毫秒)打勾的Swing Timer,只要它足够快以允许你需要的时间粒度,然后在计时器内跳转所需的行为.经过的时间是您需要的时间.
while (true)在EDT上有一个循环.让"while循环"成为Swing Timer本身.我建议的代码看起来像这样:
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent actionEvent) {
if (index > WORDS.length || stringIndex >= doc.getLength()) {
((Timer)actionEvent.getSource()).stop();
}
currentElapsedTime = calcCurrentElapsedTime();
if (currentElapsedTime >= elapsedTimeForNextChar) {
setNextCharAttrib(stringIndex);
stringIndex++;
if (atNextWord(stringIndex)) {
stringIndex++; // skip whitespace
deltaTimeForEachChar = calcNextCharDeltaForNextWord();
} else {
elapsedTimeForNextChar += deltaTimeForEachChar;
}
}
// else -- we haven't reached the next time to change char attribute yet.
// keep polling.
}
例如,我的SSCCE:
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.text.*;
public class Reminder3 {
private static final String TEXT = "arey chod chaad ke apnee saleem ki gali anarkali disco chalo";
private static final String[] WORDS = TEXT.split(" ");
private static final int[] TIMES = { 100, 400, 300, 900, 1000, 600, 200,
700, 700, 200, 200, 200, 200 };
private static final int POLLING_TIME = 12;
private StyledDocument doc;
private JTextPane textpane;
private JPanel mainPanel = new JPanel();
private List<ReminderWord> reminderWordList = new LinkedList<ReminderWord>();
private Timer timer;
// private int stringIndex = 0;
public Reminder3() {
doc = new DefaultStyledDocument();
textpane = new JTextPane(doc);
textpane.setText(TEXT);
javax.swing.text.Style style = textpane.addStyle("Red", null);
StyleConstants.setForeground(style, Color.RED);
JPanel textPanePanel = new JPanel();
textPanePanel.add(new JScrollPane(textpane));
JButton startBtn = new JButton(new AbstractAction("Start") {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
goThroughWords();
}
});
JPanel btnPanel = new JPanel();
btnPanel.add(startBtn);
mainPanel.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
mainPanel.add(textPanePanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
mainPanel.add(btnPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
}
public void goThroughWords() {
if (timer != null && timer.isRunning()) {
return;
}
doc = new DefaultStyledDocument();
textpane.setDocument(doc);
textpane.setText(TEXT);
javax.swing.text.Style style = textpane.addStyle("Red", null);
StyleConstants.setForeground(style, Color.RED);
int wordStartTime = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < WORDS.length; i++) {
if (i > 0) {
wordStartTime += TIMES[i - 1];
}
int startIndexPosition = 0; // set this later
ReminderWord reminderWord = new ReminderWord(WORDS[i], TIMES[i],
wordStartTime, startIndexPosition);
reminderWordList.add(reminderWord);
}
int findWordIndex = 0;
for (ReminderWord word : reminderWordList) {
findWordIndex = TEXT.indexOf(word.getWord(), findWordIndex);
word.setStartIndexPosition(findWordIndex);
findWordIndex += word.getWord().length();
}
timer = new Timer(POLLING_TIME, new TimerListener());
timer.start();
}
public JComponent getMainPanel() {
return mainPanel;
}
private void setNextCharAttrib(int textIndex) {
doc.setCharacterAttributes(textIndex, 1,
textpane.getStyle("Red"), true);
}
private class TimerListener implements ActionListener {
private ReminderWord currentWord = null;
private long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (reminderWordList == null) {
((Timer) e.getSource()).stop();
return;
}
if (reminderWordList.isEmpty() && currentWord.atEnd()) {
((Timer) e.getSource()).stop();
return;
}
// if just starting, or if done with current word
if (currentWord == null || currentWord.atEnd()) {
currentWord = reminderWordList.remove(0); // get next word
}
long totalElapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;
if (totalElapsedTime > (currentWord.getStartElapsedTime() + currentWord
.getIndex() * currentWord.getTimePerChar())) {
setNextCharAttrib(currentWord.getStartIndexPosition() + currentWord.getIndex());
currentWord.increment();
}
}
}
private static void createAndShowGui() {
Reminder3 reminder = new Reminder3();
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Reminder");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.getContentPane().add(reminder.getMainPanel());
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
createAndShowGui();
}
});
}
}
class ReminderWord {
private String word;
private int totalTime;
private int timePerChar;
private int startTime;
private int startIndexPosition;
private int index = 0;
public ReminderWord(String word, int totalTime, int startTime,
int startIndexPosition) {
this.word = word;
this.totalTime = totalTime;
this.startTime = startTime;
timePerChar = totalTime / word.length();
this.startIndexPosition = startIndexPosition;
}
public String getWord() {
return word;
}
public int getTotalTime() {
return totalTime;
}
public int getStartElapsedTime() {
return startTime;
}
public int getTimePerChar() {
return timePerChar;
}
public int getStartIndexPosition() {
return startIndexPosition;
}
public int increment() {
index++;
return index;
}
public int getIndex() {
return index;
}
public boolean atEnd() {
return index > word.length();
}
public void setStartIndexPosition(int startIndexPosition) {
this.startIndexPosition = startIndexPosition;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "ReminderWord [word=" + word + ", totalTime=" + totalTime
+ ", timePerChar=" + timePerChar + ", startTime=" + startTime
+ ", startIndexPosition=" + startIndexPosition + ", index=" + index
+ "]";
}
}
好的，所以我一直在查看一些代码（我在你上一个关于卡拉 OK 计时器的问题中发布的代码）
使用该代码，我建立了一些使用System.nanoTime()via 的测量系统，System.out.println()这将帮助我们了解正在发生的事情：
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import javax.swing.AbstractAction;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JTextPane;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
import javax.swing.Timer;
import javax.swing.text.Style;
import javax.swing.text.StyleConstants;
import javax.swing.text.StyledDocument;
public class KaraokeTest {
private int[] timingsArray = {1000, 1000, 9000, 1000, 1000, 1000, 1000, 1000, 1000, 1000};//word/letters timings
private String[] individualWordsToHighlight = {" \nHello\n", " world\n", " Hello", " world", " Hello", " world", " Hello", " world", " Hello", " world"};//each individual word/letters to highlight
private int count = 0;
private final JTextPane jtp = new JTextPane();
private final JButton startButton = new JButton("Start");
private final JFrame frame = new JFrame();
//create Arrays of individual letters and their timings
final ArrayList<String> chars = new ArrayList<>();
final ArrayList<Long> charsTiming = new ArrayList<>();
public KaraokeTest() {
initComponents();
}
private void initComponents() {
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setResizable(false);
for (String s : individualWordsToHighlight) {
String tmp = jtp.getText();
jtp.setText(tmp + s);
}
jtp.setEditable(false);
startButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae) {
startButton.setEnabled(false);
count = 0;
charsTiming.clear();
chars.clear();
for (String s : individualWordsToHighlight) {
for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
chars.add(String.valueOf(s.charAt(i)));
//System.out.println(String.valueOf(s.charAt(i)));
}
}
//calculate each letters timings
for (int x = 0; x < timingsArray.length; x++) {
for (int i = 0; i < individualWordsToHighlight[x].length(); i++) {
individualWordsToHighlight[x] = individualWordsToHighlight[x].replace("\n", " ").replace("\r", " ");//replace line breaks
charsTiming.add((long) (timingsArray[x] / individualWordsToHighlight[x].trim().length()));//dont count spaces
//System.out.println(timingsArray[x] / individualWordsToHighlight[x].length());
}
}
Timer t = new Timer(1, new AbstractAction() {
long startTime = 0;
long acum = 0;
long timeItTookTotal = 0;
long dif = 0, timeItTook = 0, timeToTake = 0;
int delay = 0;
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae) {
if (count < charsTiming.size()) {
if (count == 0) {
startTime = System.nanoTime();
System.out.println("Started: " + startTime);
}
timeToTake = charsTiming.get(count);
acum += timeToTake;
//highlight the next word
highlightNextWord();
//System.out.println("Acum " + acum);
timeItTook = (acum - ((System.nanoTime() - startTime) / 1000000));
timeItTookTotal += timeItTook;
//System.out.println("Elapsed since start: " + (System.nanoTime() - startTime));
System.out.println("Time the char should take: " + timeToTake);
System.out.println("Time it took: " + timeItTook);
dif = (timeToTake - timeItTook);
System.out.println("Difference: " + dif);
//System.out.println("Difference2 " + (timeToTake - dif));
//calculate start of next letter to highlight less the difference it took between time it took and time it should actually take
delay = (int) (timeToTake - dif);
if (delay < 1) {
delay = 1;
}
//restart timer with new timings
((Timer) ae.getSource()).setInitialDelay((int) timeToTake);//timer is usually faster thus the entire highlighting will be done too fast
//((Timer) ae.getSource()).setInitialDelay(delay);
((Timer) ae.getSource()).restart();
} else {//we are at the end of the array
long timeStopped = System.nanoTime();
System.out.println("Stopped: " + timeStopped);
System.out.println("Time it should take in total: " + acum);
System.out.println("Time it took using accumulator of time taken for each letter: " + timeItTookTotal
+ "\nDifference: " + (acum - timeItTookTotal));
long timeItTookUsingNanoTime = ((timeStopped - startTime) / 1000000);
System.out.println("Time it took using difference (endTime-startTime): " + timeItTookUsingNanoTime
+ "\nDifference: " + (acum - timeItTookUsingNanoTime));
reset();
((Timer) ae.getSource()).stop();//stop the timer
}
count++;//increment counter
}
});
t.setRepeats(false);
t.start();
}
});
frame.add(jtp, BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.add(startButton, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
}
private void reset() {
startButton.setEnabled(true);
jtp.setText("");
for (String s : individualWordsToHighlight) {
String tmp = jtp.getText();
jtp.setText(tmp + s);
}
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "Done");
}
private void highlightNextWord() {
//we still have words to highlight
int sp = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < count + 1; i++) {//get count for number of letters in words (we add 1 because counter is only incrementd after this method is called)
sp += 1;
}
while (chars.get(sp - 1).equals(" ")) {
sp += 1;
count++;
}
//highlight words
Style style = jtp.addStyle("RED", null);
StyleConstants.setForeground(style, Color.RED);
((StyledDocument) jtp.getDocument()).setCharacterAttributes(0, sp, style, true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
new KaraokeTest();
}
});
}
}
我电脑上的输出是：
开始：10289712615974
字符应该花费的时间：166
耗时：165
差异1
...
字符应该花费的时间：166
耗时：155
差异 11
...
字符应该花费的时间：166
耗时：5
第161话
已停止：10299835063084
总耗时：9960
使用每个字母所花费时间的累加器所花费的时间：5542
差价：4418
使用差异所花费的时间 (endTime-startTime)：10122
差异：-162
因此，我的结论是 Swing Timer 实际上运行得比我们预期的要快，因为Timers 中的代码actionPerformed不一定需要与字母预期的突出显示时间一样长的时间，这当然会导致雪崩效应，即计时器运行得越快/越慢，/差异将变得更少，并且下一次执行的计时器restart(..)将在不同的时间，即更快或更慢。
在代码中这样做：
//calculate start of next letter to highlight less the difference it took between time it took and time it should actually take
delay = (int) (timeToTake - dif);
//restart timer with new timings
//((Timer) ae.getSource()).setInitialDelay((int)timeToTake);//timer is usually faster thus the entire highlighting will be done too fast
((Timer) ae.getSource()).setInitialDelay(delay);
((Timer) ae.getSource()).restart();
产生更准确的结果（我的最大延迟每个字母快 4ms）：
开始：10813491256556
字符应该花费的时间：166
耗时：164
差异2
...
字符应该花费的时间：166
耗时：164
差异2
...
字符应该花费的时间：166
耗时：162
差异4
停止：10823452105363
总耗时：9960
使用每个字母所用时间的累加器所花费的时间：9806
差异：154
使用差异所花费的时间（结束时间-开始时间）：9960
差异：0
| 归档时间： |
|
| 查看次数： |
2990 次 |
| 最近记录： |